首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
Directions: Suppose you are a member of staff at the library in your university. Your library plans...
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
国家统考科目《问答》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
Directions:Supposeyouareacollegestudentandyouinten
Directions:Supposeyouareacollegestudentandyouinten
Directions: Supposeyouareafreshmanandyouintendtoi
Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutesto
Directions:SupposeyouareZhangYing.WritealettertoXi
Directions: Supposeyouareacollegestudentandyouint
Directions:SupposeIAMinghascaughtaflu.Hewantsyouto
Directions: SupposeyouareLiMingandyouwanttofurthe
PartA Directions: SupposeyouareLiMing.Duringthewe
Directions:Supposeyouastaffmemberofacompany.Write
Directions: SupposeIAMinghascaughtaflu.Hewantsyou
Directions:Supposeyouastaffmemberofacompany.Writea
PartA Directions.. SupposeyouareLiMingafreshmanon
Directions: SupposeyouareZhangYing.Writealetterto
PartA Directions: Supposeyouareaneyewitnessofatra
Directions Supposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwitht
Howlong______
you suppose did it last
do you suppose it lasted
did you suppose it last
you suppose it lasted
Directions:SupposeyoulivedattheRehabilitationCente
Directions:Supposeyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshar
Directions:Supposeyouareafreshmanandyouintendtoinq
热门试题
更多
JosephRykwertenteredhisfieldwhenpost-warmodernistarchitecturewascomingunderfireforitsalienatingembodimentofoutmodedsocialideals.ThinkoftheUNbuildinginNewYork.thecityofBrasilia.theUNESCObuildinginParistheblocksofhousingprojectsthroughouttheworld.Thesetall.uniformboxesaresetbackfromthestreetisolatedbywindsweptplazas.Theylookinwardtotheirownfunctionspresentingnofacetotheinhabitantsofthecitynoplaceforsocialinteraction.ForMr.Rykwert.whorejectsthefunctionalistspiritoftheAthensCharterof1933.amanifestoformuchpost-warbuildingsuchfacelessnessdestroysthehumanmeaningofthecity.Architecturalformshouldnotrigidlyfollowfunctionbutoughttoreflecttheneedsofthesocialbodyitrepresents.Likeotherformsofrepresentationarchitectureistheembodimentofthedecisionsthatgointoitsmakingnottheresultofimpersonalforcesmarketorhistory.Therefore.saysMr.RykwertadaptingJosephdeMaistre’sdictumthatanationhasthegovernmentitdeservesourcitieshavethefacestheydeserve.Inthisbook.Mr.Rykwert.anotedurbanhistorianofanthropologicalloveoffersaflaneur’sapproachtothecity’sexteriorsurfaceratherthananurbanhistoryfromtheconceptualinsideout.Hedoesnotdrivesohisinteractionwiththecityaffordshimawarts-and-allviewwithasensualgraspofwhatitistobeaplace.Hisstoryofurbanizationbeginsnotsurprisinglywiththeindustrialrevolutionwhenpopulationsshiftedandincreasedexacerbatingproblemsofhousingandcrime.Inthe19thcenturymanyplanningprogramsandutopiasEbenezerHoward’sgardencityandCharlesFourier’sphalansteriesamongthemwereproposedasremedies.Thesehavelefttheirmarkon20th-centurycitiesasdidBaronHausmann’sboulevardsinParisEugeneViollet-le-Duc’sandOwenJones’sargumentsforhistoricalstyleandAdolfLoos’sfatefulturn-of-the-centurycalltoabolishornamentwhichinturninspiredLeCorbusier’sbarefunctionalism.Thereaderwillrecognizealltheseideasinthesurfacesofthecitiesthathostedthem:NewYork.Paris.LondonandVienna.CitieschangedagainaftertheSecondWorldWaraspopulationsgrew.technologyracedandprosperityspread.Likeitornottoday’scitiesarethemuddledproductamongotherthingsofspeed.greedoutmodedsocialagendasandill-suitedpostmodernaesthetics.Somelamenttheoldcity’sdeath;otherswelcomeitsreplacementbytheelectronicallydrivenglobalvillage.MrRykwerthashisworriestobesure.buthedoesnotseeruinorchaoseverywhere.Hedefendsthecityasahumanandsocialnecessity.InChandigarhCanberraandNewYorkheseesoverallsuccess;inNewDelhiParisandShanghailargeareasoffalling.ForMr.Rykwert.amanonfootintheageofspeedingvirtualgoodarchitecturemaystillshowusafacewhereflaneurscanreadthestoryoftheirurbansettinginfamiliarmetaphors.AccordingtoMr.Rykwerthe______.
Anewstudyclaimingtodocumentaconnectionbetweenviolenceontelevisionandviolenceinreallifeisalreadycomingunderattackfromacademics.Theysaythattheauthorisdemandingactiononhisreportbeforeproducingdetailedfindingstosubstantiateit. 47Dr.WilliamBelsontoldtheBritishAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceinBirminghamlastweekthathisresearchsuggestedthatboysexposedtohighlevelsoftelevisionviolencewere50percentmorelikelytocommitactsofviolencethanboyswhohadnotbeenexposed. His110000poundssurveypaidforbyCBStheAmericantelevisioncompanystudiedmorethan15000Londonboysagedbetween12and16.HeclosedhispaperwithacallforimmediateactiononhisrecommendationstoreducelevelsofTVviolenceandspecifickindsofviolencewhichheclaimedweremoredamagingthanothers.HisrecommendationswereenthusiasticallyendorsedbyMrs.MaryWhitehouse. SocialscientistsfamiliarwiththefieldhaveanumberofspecificqueriesaboutBelson’swork.48Theypointedoutthatastatisticaltechniqueinventedbyhimandcentraltohisresearchhasbeencriticizedbysomeacademicsinthepast.RobinMrCornoftheMassCommunicationResearchCentreatLeicesterUniversitysays"Selfreporting—askingthesubjecttogivehisownaccountoftheevidenceisnotoriouslyunreliable.Studieshaveputthepossibleerrorashighas20percentandwedon’tknowwhatcheckstherewereinthiswork.ThefactthatBelsonpaidtheboysmay’havehadaninfluence.Withoutthefulldataitcan’tbechecked." McCornadds:"Hisquestionsontheprogrammesgoback12years.Iftheboyswereagedbetween13and16itmeanstheoldestwasonlyfouryearsoldwhenthefirstprogrammeswerebroadcast.HowreliableisthememoryofachildthatyounglikelytobeontheprogrammeshewatchedDr.Belsonmayhaveanswersbutwejustdon’tknow." 49TheNelsonaffairhighlightsthedifficultiesfacedbyresearchersintotelevisionviolence-problemssoseverethatatleastoneBritishgrouphaswithdrawnfromthefieldcompletely."It’simpossibletodoseriousscientificworkinhisareanow"saysRobinMcCron."Ithasmovedoutoftheacademicworldandithasbeentakenoverbypressuregroupsandpolitics." IndeedexperienceintelevisionresearchinAmericarevealshowtreacherousthisfieldhasbecome.50Resultsofnervousprojectstherehavebeenfoundatworstcontradictoryatbestinconclusive. Dr.WilliamBelsontoldtheBritishAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceinBirminghamlastweekthathisresearchsuggestedthatboysexposedtohighlevelsoftelevisionviolencewere50percentmorelikelytocommitactsofviolencethanboyswhohadnotbeenexposed.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 7
WinstonChurchillwhofoughtontheAfghanborderin1897.warnedofthedangersofpeacekeepingamongthePathansandofmixingpoliticsandwar46"Exceptatharvest-timewhenself-preservationenjoinsatemporarypausethePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarriorapoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfort...withbattlementsturrets[and]drawbridges`Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitshate;everyclan.itsfeud. "Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgottenandveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid...47ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleysnourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwaterarefertileen0ught9yieldwithlittlelabourthematerialrequirementsofasmallpopulation. "Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts:thebreech-loadingrifleandtheBritishgovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecondacontinuoustrouble.Theconvenienceofthebreech-loadingandstillmoreofthemagazineriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.48Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyaufifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewsceneofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone’sownhouseandfireatone’sneighbournearlyamileaway... "TheactionoftheBritishgovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganisingadvancingabsorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthana’monstrousspoil-sport. "Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome.hadafightandthengoneawayagain...Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys...Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquietnottoshootoneanother.andaboveallnotmshootattravellersalongtheroad.49Itwastoomuchtoaskandawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource. "ThePoliticalOfficerswhoaccompaniedtheforce...wereveryunpopularwiththearmyofficers...50Theywereaccusedoftheseverecrimeof’shilly-shallying’whichbeinginterpretedmeansdoingeverythingyoupossiblycanbeforeyoushoot.Wehadwithusaverybrilliantpoliticalofficer...whowasmuchdislikedbecausehealwaysstoppedmilitaryoperations.Justwhenwewerelookingforwardtohavingasplendidfightandall-thegunswereloadedandeveryonekeyedup[he]wouldcomealongandputastoptoit./ 49
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkA.B.CorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
Directions: Youarejustbackfromatourandhavesomecomplaintstomakeaboutthetouristcompany.Writealettertothemanagerofthecompanywhichincludesthefollowingpoints:1thepurposesofwritingtheletter;2theservicesyouwerenotsatisfactorywith;3thehopethattheycangiveyousomecompensation. Writeyourletterusingnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletteruse"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.10points
Directions:InordertoenrichthecampuslifeaMusicFestivalwillbeheldbytheStudents’Union.Writeanannouncementforitanditshouldinclude:1organizertimeandplace;2detailedactivities;3attendance.
Afteritsmisadventuresin1993.whenAmericanmarinesweredrivenoutofSomaliabyskinnygunmenAmericahasusedalongspooninsuppingwithSomalia’swarlords.This.tikesomuchelsechangedonSeptember11th.41 Clandestine.uptoapoint:withinhoursofthearrivalinBaidoaofninecloselycroppedAmericanssportingmatchingsatellitephonesandshadestheiractivitieswerebroadcast.Aftermeetingvariouswarlordsthegroupinspectedacompoundthathadapparentlybeenofferedtothemastheirfuturebase.Theyalsosawanoldmilitarydepot.Neithercanhavebeenencouraging:thecompoundhasbeentakenoverbywar-displacedfamiliesandthedepotbythorn-scrub. Americawasalreadyconvincedofal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.IthadlistedaSomaliIslamicgroupal-ltihaadal-IslamiyaIslamicUnityasaterroristorganisation.42.ItfearsthatlawlessSomaliacouldbecomeahavenforescapesfromAfghanistan.TheAmericannavyIscurrentlypatrollingthecountry’slongcoastlinewhilespyplanesaresaidtobecrisscrossingtheheavens. 43.WithalittlebitofhelphetoldhisAmericanvisitorshewouldbeready"toliberatethecountryfromtheseevilforces".AmericahadalreadyheardasmuchthroughitsembassiesinNairobiandAddisAbabawhichmaintaincontactwiththewarlordsandfromEthiopia. ThewarlordsaresupportedbyEthiopia.whichhasahistoricalfearofastrongSomalia.inabidtoopposethegovernment.Buttheirdifferingviewsonwheretostrikeatthe"terrorists"revealthattheirindividualambitionsareevensharperthantheirdislikeofthegovernment. Mr.IsmailsaysthatMerca.whichisclaimedbyhisRahanweinclan.isthecapitalofterror.44.TheUNsaysthereisonlyanorphanagetherenow.ButtheislandisclosetoMr.Morgan’shometownofKismaayowhichhefailedtocapturefromapro-governmentmilitiainJulyandheisdeterminednottofailagain. NoneofthislooksgoodforSomalia’sofficialpresidentAbdiquassimSaladHassan.whosegovernmentisincontrolofabouthalfthecapitalMogadishu.Hehasformedhisownanti-terrorismunitandinvitedAmericatosendinvestigatorsoreventroops.America.armedwithstoriesaboutthepresenceofal-Itihaadmembersheldback.butonDecember18thsentanenvoytoMogadishu. BothMr.HassanandtheUNsaythatal-Itihaadisnotaterroristorganisation.Itemergedasanarmedforcein1991.battlingforpowerintheaftermathofSiadBarre’sfall.Ithadsomeearlysuccesses.brieflytakingKismaayo.Butitwasalwaysdependentontheblessingofitsmembers’clanelders.Whentheelderseventuallycalledtheirfightersback.ahardcoreofIslamistsfledtotheGedoborderregionwherein1997theywerecrushedbyEthiopiantroops45. TheBaidoaallianceplainlyhopestobesupportedasproxiesinafightagainst"terrorism"andtheMogadishuregime.Butthelatestintelligenceleakssuggestthatthefirstreportsmayhaveoverestimatedal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.NorwouldMr.binLadenandhishenchmenfinditeasytolielowinanoralculturethatconsidersrumour-mongeringtobeaformofmanners.Evenso.thewarlordsseemtobelievethattheyhavewonsomepromiseofhelp.SoonafterthearrivaloftheAmericangrouptheypulledoutofthepeacetalkstheyhadbeenholdingwiththeirgovernmentinNairobi. [A]Al-ItihaadsubsequentlyinfiltratedSomalia’sbusinessclassandnowrunsIslamicschoolscourtsandclinicswiththemoneyithasaccumulated. [B]AccordingtoAbdullahiSheikhIsmaittheactingchairmanofthelooseallianceofwarlordswhocontrolmostofSomaliaandarebasedinBaidoa.thereare"approximately20.480armedextremists"inSomaliaand"85%ofthegovernmentisal-Itihaad". [C]MuhammadHersiMorganknownasthe"butcherofHargeisa"becauseheoncerazedthattowntothegroundsaysanal-ItihaadcamponRasKamboniislandisstillactive. [D]ButsinceSeptember11th2001.westerngovernmentsanxioustoprevental-QaedafromusingSomaliaasabase.havepressedthewarlordstomakepeace. [E]Americanintelligenceofficersareworkingwithtwowarlordstogatherinformationaboutsuspectedat-QaedapeopleinSomalia. [F]OnDecember9thAmericasentaclandestinemissiontotalktoacollectionofSomaliwarlords.wholiketoclaimthattheircountryinparticulartheirUN-sponsoredgovernmentisoverrunwithterrorists [G]IthadalsoforcedtheclosureofBarakaatSomalia’sbiggestbankingandtelecomscompanywhichhandlesmostoftheremittancesthatSomalisworkingabroadsendbacktotheirfamilies. 45
FewpeopleexceptconspiracytheoristswouldhaveexpectedsopublicaspatastheonethisweekbetweenthetworingmastersofFormulaOneF1motorracing.BernieEcclestone.averywealthyBritishmotorsportentrepreneurisatodds.itwouldseem.withhislongstandingassociate.MaxMosleypresidentofFl’sgoverningbodytheFederationInternationaldel’AutomobileFIA. Onthesurfacethedisputehasbrokenoutoverwhatlookedlikeadonedeal.LastJune.theFIAvotedunanimouslytoextendMr.Ecclestone’sexclusivefightstostageandbroadcastFlracingwhichexpirein2010byt00years.ForthesefavourablerightsMr.EcelestonewastopaytheFIAamere$360millionintotalandonly$60millionimmediately.TheFIAclaimsthatMr.Ecclestonehasnotmadethepaymentof$60millionaclaimdeniedbyMr.Ecclestone.whoinsiststhemoneyhasbeenplacedinanescrowaccount.Mr.MosleyhasaskedMr.EcclestonetopayuporrisklosingthedealfortheFlrightsafter2010.perhapsmagroupofcarmakersthatownFlteams.Forhispart.Mr.EcclestonehasrathertheatricallyaccusedMr.Mosleyof"tryingtodosomeextortion". WhatisgoingonOnlythreethingscanbestatedwithconfidence.First.theideathatMr.Ecclestonecannotfindthe560millionisridiculous:hisfamilytrustisnotexactlyshortofcash.havingraisedaround$2billioninthepasttwoyears.Second.itwouldnotbeinMr.Ecclestone’slong-termfinancialinteresttodiscardadealwhichcouldonlyenhancethevalueofhisfamily’sremaining50%stakeinSLEC.theholdingcompanyforthegroupofcompaniesthatrunsthecommercialsideofF1.Third.thetimingofthedisputeisveryinteresting. WhyBecausetheother.50%stakeinSLEC.ownedbyEM.TV.adebt-riddenGermanmediacompanyisupforsale.EM.TVbadlyneedstosellthisstakeinthenearfuturetokeepitsbankersatdeadend.TheuncertaintycreatedbythedisputebetweenMr.EcclestoneandMr.MosleymightdepressthevalueofEM.TV’sholding.CouldthatworktoMr.Ecctestone’sadvantageQuitepossibly.ThelowerthevalueofEM.TV’sstakethehighertherelativevalueofanoptionMr.Ecclestoneholdstosellafurther25%ofSLECmEM.TVforaround$1billion--andthebetterthedealMr.Ecclestonemightbeabletoextractforsurrenderingtheoption.WhoeverbuysEM.TV’sstakeinSLECwillhavetonegotiatewithMr.Ecclestoneoverthisinstrument.TheEconomistunderstandsthatMr.EcclestonehasthefighttovetoaplanproposedlastDecemberbyKirehaprivatelyownedGermanmediagrouptobuyhalfofEM.TV’sholdingfor$550million. InthecomingweeksMr.Ecclestonewilldoubtlessbedeployinghisformidablenegotiatingskillstobestadvantage.ItwouldbehastytobetagainsthissecuringagooddealoutofEM.TV’sdifficulties.HisdisputewiththeF1Amaythenbeeasilyresolved.Asusualheholdsallthecards. ThewordextortionLastlineParA．2means
JoyWilliam’squirkyfourthnovelTheQuickandtheDeadfollowsthree16-year-oldmisfitsinanabnormalCharlie’sAngelssetintheAmericansouth-west.Drivenunclearlytodefendanimalrightsthegirlsaccomplishlittlebeyondcurse:theyrescueawoundedoxandhurlstonesatstuffedelephants.Inwhatisstructurallyaroadnovelthatendsupwhereitbeganthethreesomestumblesuponbothcrueltytoanimalsandunlikelyromance.Amournfuldogiskilledbyanangryneighborataxidermistfallsinlovewithan8-year-olddirect-actionfirebranddeterminedthathepays.forhissins.AcareenacrossthebarelytamedArizonaprairiethispeculiarbookaimslessforatraditionalstorylinethanasequenceofnoisyoftenhilariousconversationsridiculouscircumstancesandabsurdistscene.Theconsequentlong-walk-to-nowhereisboththebook’slimitationanditscharm.Allthreegirlsaremotherless.FiercelypoliticalAlicediscoversthatherparentsarehergrandparentswhothereuponshrivel:Liehadkeptthemyoungwhereasthetruthhadacceleratedthempracticallyintooldness.BothparentsofthesorrowfulCorvusdrownedwhiledrivingonafloodedinterstateoff-ramp.ThemotherofthemoreconventionalAnnabeloneofthosepeoplewhowouldsayWe’llgetintouchsoonest’whentheyneverwantedtoseeyouagainslammedhercardrunkenlyintoafishrestaurant.LaterAnnabel’sfatherobservestohiswife’sghost.Youdidn’twanttoorderwhatIordereddarling.Thesharp-tonguedghostsnapsback:That’sbecauseyoualwaysorderedbadlyandwantedmetoexperienceyourmiserablemistake.Againstaroundlyapocalypticworldview.thegreatpleasuresofthisbookareline-by-line.Ms.Williamscanbreaksettingandcharacteralikeinafewslashes:itwasoneofthoseruggedAmericanplacesaremotesad-assbutcourageousdownwindtownwhosecitizenswereflawedandbrave.Alice’sacerbityspitslittlewisdoms:puttinglostteethunderapillowformoneyisaclassiccapitalisticconsumertrickdesignedtoweanyouawayatanearlyagefromhealthyhorror’andsensibledismaytogreedydeludedsunnyexpectancy.WhetherornotthenovellikeAlice.expresslyadvocatesanimalrightsananimalmotifcropsupineverysceneasflesh-and-bloodcrittersusuallydeadorplaindecorationoncrockery.IfMs.WilliamsdoesnotintendtoinducehumanhorroratapendingcruelArmageddonsheatleastinvokesafutureofearthlylonelinesswhereanimalsappearonlyasceramic-henbutterdishesandextinct-speciesElastoplasts.Onecaution:whenflimsynarrativesuperstructurebeginstosaganarchicwackinesscangrowwearing.WhileTheQuickandtheDeadissharpfromitsfirstpagethetroublewithstartingattheedgeisthereisnowheretogo.Nevertheless.Ms.Williamsisoriginalenergeticandviscouslyfunny:CarlHiaasenwithaconscience.Themainideaofthenovelis______.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 17
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 11
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 19
JoyWilliam’squirkyfourthnovelTheQuickandtheDeadfollowsthree16-year-oldmisfitsinanabnormalCharlie’sAngelssetintheAmericansouth-west.Drivenunclearlytodefendanimalrightsthegirlsaccomplishlittlebeyondcurse:theyrescueawoundedoxandhurlstonesatstuffedelephants.Inwhatisstructurallyaroadnovelthatendsupwhereitbeganthethreesomestumblesuponbothcrueltytoanimalsandunlikelyromance.Amournfuldogiskilledbyanangryneighborataxidermistfallsinlovewithan8-year-olddirect-actionfirebranddeterminedthathepays.forhissins.AcareenacrossthebarelytamedArizonaprairiethispeculiarbookaimslessforatraditionalstorylinethanasequenceofnoisyoftenhilariousconversationsridiculouscircumstancesandabsurdistscene.Theconsequentlong-walk-to-nowhereisboththebook’slimitationanditscharm.Allthreegirlsaremotherless.FiercelypoliticalAlicediscoversthatherparentsarehergrandparentswhothereuponshrivel:Liehadkeptthemyoungwhereasthetruthhadacceleratedthempracticallyintooldness.BothparentsofthesorrowfulCorvusdrownedwhiledrivingonafloodedinterstateoff-ramp.ThemotherofthemoreconventionalAnnabeloneofthosepeoplewhowouldsayWe’llgetintouchsoonest’whentheyneverwantedtoseeyouagainslammedhercardrunkenlyintoafishrestaurant.LaterAnnabel’sfatherobservestohiswife’sghost.Youdidn’twanttoorderwhatIordereddarling.Thesharp-tonguedghostsnapsback:That’sbecauseyoualwaysorderedbadlyandwantedmetoexperienceyourmiserablemistake.Againstaroundlyapocalypticworldview.thegreatpleasuresofthisbookareline-by-line.Ms.Williamscanbreaksettingandcharacteralikeinafewslashes:itwasoneofthoseruggedAmericanplacesaremotesad-assbutcourageousdownwindtownwhosecitizenswereflawedandbrave.Alice’sacerbityspitslittlewisdoms:puttinglostteethunderapillowformoneyisaclassiccapitalisticconsumertrickdesignedtoweanyouawayatanearlyagefromhealthyhorror’andsensibledismaytogreedydeludedsunnyexpectancy.WhetherornotthenovellikeAlice.expresslyadvocatesanimalrightsananimalmotifcropsupineverysceneasflesh-and-bloodcrittersusuallydeadorplaindecorationoncrockery.IfMs.WilliamsdoesnotintendtoinducehumanhorroratapendingcruelArmageddonsheatleastinvokesafutureofearthlylonelinesswhereanimalsappearonlyasceramic-henbutterdishesandextinct-speciesElastoplasts.Onecaution:whenflimsynarrativesuperstructurebeginstosaganarchicwackinesscangrowwearing.WhileTheQuickandtheDeadissharpfromitsfirstpagethetroublewithstartingattheedgeisthereisnowheretogo.Nevertheless.Ms.Williamsisoriginalenergeticandviscouslyfunny:CarlHiaasenwithaconscience.ForAliceputtinglostteethunderapillowformoneyis______.
Afteritsmisadventuresin1993.whenAmericanmarinesweredrivenoutofSomaliabyskinnygunmenAmericahasusedalongspooninsuppingwithSomalia’swarlords.This.tikesomuchelsechangedonSeptember11th.41 Clandestine.uptoapoint:withinhoursofthearrivalinBaidoaofninecloselycroppedAmericanssportingmatchingsatellitephonesandshadestheiractivitieswerebroadcast.Aftermeetingvariouswarlordsthegroupinspectedacompoundthathadapparentlybeenofferedtothemastheirfuturebase.Theyalsosawanoldmilitarydepot.Neithercanhavebeenencouraging:thecompoundhasbeentakenoverbywar-displacedfamiliesandthedepotbythorn-scrub. Americawasalreadyconvincedofal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.IthadlistedaSomaliIslamicgroupal-ltihaadal-IslamiyaIslamicUnityasaterroristorganisation.42.ItfearsthatlawlessSomaliacouldbecomeahavenforescapesfromAfghanistan.TheAmericannavyIscurrentlypatrollingthecountry’slongcoastlinewhilespyplanesaresaidtobecrisscrossingtheheavens. 43.WithalittlebitofhelphetoldhisAmericanvisitorshewouldbeready"toliberatethecountryfromtheseevilforces".AmericahadalreadyheardasmuchthroughitsembassiesinNairobiandAddisAbabawhichmaintaincontactwiththewarlordsandfromEthiopia. ThewarlordsaresupportedbyEthiopia.whichhasahistoricalfearofastrongSomalia.inabidtoopposethegovernment.Buttheirdifferingviewsonwheretostrikeatthe"terrorists"revealthattheirindividualambitionsareevensharperthantheirdislikeofthegovernment. Mr.IsmailsaysthatMerca.whichisclaimedbyhisRahanweinclan.isthecapitalofterror.44.TheUNsaysthereisonlyanorphanagetherenow.ButtheislandisclosetoMr.Morgan’shometownofKismaayowhichhefailedtocapturefromapro-governmentmilitiainJulyandheisdeterminednottofailagain. NoneofthislooksgoodforSomalia’sofficialpresidentAbdiquassimSaladHassan.whosegovernmentisincontrolofabouthalfthecapitalMogadishu.Hehasformedhisownanti-terrorismunitandinvitedAmericatosendinvestigatorsoreventroops.America.armedwithstoriesaboutthepresenceofal-Itihaadmembersheldback.butonDecember18thsentanenvoytoMogadishu. BothMr.HassanandtheUNsaythatal-Itihaadisnotaterroristorganisation.Itemergedasanarmedforcein1991.battlingforpowerintheaftermathofSiadBarre’sfall.Ithadsomeearlysuccesses.brieflytakingKismaayo.Butitwasalwaysdependentontheblessingofitsmembers’clanelders.Whentheelderseventuallycalledtheirfightersback.ahardcoreofIslamistsfledtotheGedoborderregionwherein1997theywerecrushedbyEthiopiantroops45. TheBaidoaallianceplainlyhopestobesupportedasproxiesinafightagainst"terrorism"andtheMogadishuregime.Butthelatestintelligenceleakssuggestthatthefirstreportsmayhaveoverestimatedal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.NorwouldMr.binLadenandhishenchmenfinditeasytolielowinanoralculturethatconsidersrumour-mongeringtobeaformofmanners.Evenso.thewarlordsseemtobelievethattheyhavewonsomepromiseofhelp.SoonafterthearrivaloftheAmericangrouptheypulledoutofthepeacetalkstheyhadbeenholdingwiththeirgovernmentinNairobi. [A]Al-ItihaadsubsequentlyinfiltratedSomalia’sbusinessclassandnowrunsIslamicschoolscourtsandclinicswiththemoneyithasaccumulated. [B]AccordingtoAbdullahiSheikhIsmaittheactingchairmanofthelooseallianceofwarlordswhocontrolmostofSomaliaandarebasedinBaidoa.thereare"approximately20.480armedextremists"inSomaliaand"85%ofthegovernmentisal-Itihaad". [C]MuhammadHersiMorganknownasthe"butcherofHargeisa"becauseheoncerazedthattowntothegroundsaysanal-ItihaadcamponRasKamboniislandisstillactive. [D]ButsinceSeptember11th2001.westerngovernmentsanxioustoprevental-QaedafromusingSomaliaasabase.havepressedthewarlordstomakepeace. [E]Americanintelligenceofficersareworkingwithtwowarlordstogatherinformationaboutsuspectedat-QaedapeopleinSomalia. [F]OnDecember9thAmericasentaclandestinemissiontotalktoacollectionofSomaliwarlords.wholiketoclaimthattheircountryinparticulartheirUN-sponsoredgovernmentisoverrunwithterrorists [G]IthadalsoforcedtheclosureofBarakaatSomalia’sbiggestbankingandtelecomscompanywhichhandlesmostoftheremittancesthatSomalisworkingabroadsendbacktotheirfamilies. 43
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 15
MakingmoneyisadirtygamesaystheInstituteofEconomicAffairs.summinguptheattitudeofBritishnoveliststowardsbusiness.TheIEA.afreemarketthink-tankhasjustpublishedacollectionofessaysTheRepresentationofBusinessinEnglishLiteraturebyfiveacademicschroniclingthehostilityofthecountry’smenandwomenofletterstothesordidbusinessofmakingmoney.TheimplicationisthatBritain’seconomicperformanceIsretardedbyananti-industrialculture.RatherthanblamingrebelliousworkersandincompetentmanagersforBritain’seconomicworries.thenwecanputGeorgeOrwellandMartinAmisinthedockinstead.FromDickens’sScroogetoAmis’sJohnSelfinhis1980snovelMoneynovelistshaveconjureduparogue’sgalleryofmean.greedyamoralmoney-menthathasalienatedtheirimpressionablereadersfromthenoblepursuitofcapitalism.Theargumenthasbeenwellmadebeforemostfamouslyin1981byMartinWiener.anAmericanacademicinhisEnglishCultureandtheDeclineoftheIndustrialSpirit.LadyThatcherwasanadmirerofMr.Wiener’s.andsheledacrusadetorevivetheentrepreneurialculturewhichtheliberalelitehadallegedlytrampledunderfoot.ThepresentChancelloroftheExchequerGordonBrownsoundsasthoughheagreeswithher.AtarecentspeechtotheConfederationofBritishIndustryhedeclaredthatitshouldbethedutyofeveryteacherinthecountrytocommunicatethevirtuesofbusinessandenterprise.Certainlymostnovelistsarehostiletocapitalismbutthisrefrainrisksscapegoatingwritersforfailingsforwhichtheyarenottoblame.Britain’scultureisnomoreanti-businessthanthatofothercountries.TheRomanticMovement.whichstartedasareactionagainsttheindustrialrevolutionofthe21stcenturywasbornandflourishedinGermanybuthasnotstoppedtheGermansfrombeingEurope’smostsuccessfulentreprcneursandindustrialists.EventheAmericansareguiltyofblackeningbusiness’sname.SMERSHandSPECTREwentourwiththecoldwarJamesBondnowtakesoninternationalmediamagnatesratherthanRosaKleb.HisfilmssuchasErinBrockovichhavepitcheddowntroddenmoralheroesagainsttheeviloffacelesscorporatism.YetnoneofthisseemstohavedentedAmerica’slustforfreeenterprise.Theironyisthatthenovelflourishedasanartformonlyafterandasaresultof.thecreationofthenewcommercialclassesofVictorianEnglandjustasthemodemHollywoodfilmcanexistonlyinaneraofmassconsumerism.Perhapsthemoralisthatcapitalistsocietiesconsumeliteratureandfilmtoletoffsteamratherthantochangetheworld.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorintroduceshistopicby______.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 3
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 13
FewpeopleexceptconspiracytheoristswouldhaveexpectedsopublicaspatastheonethisweekbetweenthetworingmastersofFormulaOneF1motorracing.BernieEcclestone.averywealthyBritishmotorsportentrepreneurisatodds.itwouldseem.withhislongstandingassociate.MaxMosleypresidentofFl’sgoverningbodytheFederationInternationaldel’AutomobileFIA.Onthesurfacethedisputehasbrokenoutoverwhatlookedlikeadonedeal.LastJune.theFIAvotedunanimouslytoextendMr.Ecclestone’sexclusivefightstostageandbroadcastFlracingwhichexpirein2010byt00years.ForthesefavourablerightsMr.EcelestonewastopaytheFIAamere$360millionintotalandonly$60millionimmediately.TheFIAclaimsthatMr.Ecclestonehasnotmadethepaymentof$60millionaclaimdeniedbyMr.Ecclestone.whoinsiststhemoneyhasbeenplacedinanescrowaccount.Mr.MosleyhasaskedMr.EcclestonetopayuporrisklosingthedealfortheFlrightsafter2010.perhapsmagroupofcarmakersthatownFlteams.Forhispart.Mr.EcclestonehasrathertheatricallyaccusedMr.Mosleyoftryingtodosomeextortion.WhatisgoingonOnlythreethingscanbestatedwithconfidence.First.theideathatMr.Ecclestonecannotfindthe560millionisridiculous:hisfamilytrustisnotexactlyshortofcash.havingraisedaround$2billioninthepasttwoyears.Second.itwouldnotbeinMr.Ecclestone’slong-termfinancialinteresttodiscardadealwhichcouldonlyenhancethevalueofhisfamily’sremaining50%stakeinSLEC.theholdingcompanyforthegroupofcompaniesthatrunsthecommercialsideofF1.Third.thetimingofthedisputeisveryinteresting.WhyBecausetheother.50%stakeinSLEC.ownedbyEM.TV.adebt-riddenGermanmediacompanyisupforsale.EM.TVbadlyneedstosellthisstakeinthenearfuturetokeepitsbankersatdeadend.TheuncertaintycreatedbythedisputebetweenMr.EcclestoneandMr.MosleymightdepressthevalueofEM.TV’sholding.CouldthatworktoMr.Ecctestone’sadvantageQuitepossibly.ThelowerthevalueofEM.TV’sstakethehighertherelativevalueofanoptionMr.Ecclestoneholdstosellafurther25%ofSLECmEM.TVforaround$1billion--andthebetterthedealMr.Ecclestonemightbeabletoextractforsurrenderingtheoption.WhoeverbuysEM.TV’sstakeinSLECwillhavetonegotiatewithMr.Ecclestoneoverthisinstrument.TheEconomistunderstandsthatMr.EcclestonehasthefighttovetoaplanproposedlastDecemberbyKirehaprivatelyownedGermanmediagrouptobuyhalfofEM.TV’sholdingfor$550million.InthecomingweeksMr.Ecclestonewilldoubtlessbedeployinghisformidablenegotiatingskillstobestadvantage.ItwouldbehastytobetagainsthissecuringagooddealoutofEM.TV’sdifficulties.HisdisputewiththeF1Amaythenbeeasilyresolved.Asusualheholdsallthecards.Thelastsentenceofthepassageimplies______.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 5
MakingmoneyisadirtygamesaystheInstituteofEconomicAffairs.summinguptheattitudeofBritishnoveliststowardsbusiness.TheIEA.afreemarketthink-tankhasjustpublishedacollectionofessaysTheRepresentationofBusinessinEnglishLiteraturebyfiveacademicschroniclingthehostilityofthecountry’smenandwomenofletterstothesordidbusinessofmakingmoney.TheimplicationisthatBritain’seconomicperformanceIsretardedbyananti-industrialculture.RatherthanblamingrebelliousworkersandincompetentmanagersforBritain’seconomicworries.thenwecanputGeorgeOrwellandMartinAmisinthedockinstead.FromDickens’sScroogetoAmis’sJohnSelfinhis1980snovelMoneynovelistshaveconjureduparogue’sgalleryofmean.greedyamoralmoney-menthathasalienatedtheirimpressionablereadersfromthenoblepursuitofcapitalism.Theargumenthasbeenwellmadebeforemostfamouslyin1981byMartinWiener.anAmericanacademicinhisEnglishCultureandtheDeclineoftheIndustrialSpirit.LadyThatcherwasanadmirerofMr.Wiener’s.andsheledacrusadetorevivetheentrepreneurialculturewhichtheliberalelitehadallegedlytrampledunderfoot.ThepresentChancelloroftheExchequerGordonBrownsoundsasthoughheagreeswithher.AtarecentspeechtotheConfederationofBritishIndustryhedeclaredthatitshouldbethedutyofeveryteacherinthecountrytocommunicatethevirtuesofbusinessandenterprise.Certainlymostnovelistsarehostiletocapitalismbutthisrefrainrisksscapegoatingwritersforfailingsforwhichtheyarenottoblame.Britain’scultureisnomoreanti-businessthanthatofothercountries.TheRomanticMovement.whichstartedasareactionagainsttheindustrialrevolutionofthe21stcenturywasbornandflourishedinGermanybuthasnotstoppedtheGermansfrombeingEurope’smostsuccessfulentreprcneursandindustrialists.EventheAmericansareguiltyofblackeningbusiness’sname.SMERSHandSPECTREwentourwiththecoldwarJamesBondnowtakesoninternationalmediamagnatesratherthanRosaKleb.HisfilmssuchasErinBrockovichhavepitcheddowntroddenmoralheroesagainsttheeviloffacelesscorporatism.YetnoneofthisseemstohavedentedAmerica’slustforfreeenterprise.Theironyisthatthenovelflourishedasanartformonlyafterandasaresultof.thecreationofthenewcommercialclassesofVictorianEnglandjustasthemodemHollywoodfilmcanexistonlyinaneraofmassconsumerism.Perhapsthemoralisthatcapitalistsocietiesconsumeliteratureandfilmtoletoffsteamratherthantochangetheworld.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.
WinstonChurchillwhofoughtontheAfghanborderin1897.warnedofthedangersofpeacekeepingamongthePathansandofmixingpoliticsandwar46"Exceptatharvest-timewhenself-preservationenjoinsatemporarypausethePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarriorapoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfort...withbattlementsturrets[and]drawbridges`Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitshate;everyclan.itsfeud. "Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgottenandveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid...47ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleysnourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwaterarefertileen0ught9yieldwithlittlelabourthematerialrequirementsofasmallpopulation. "Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts:thebreech-loadingrifleandtheBritishgovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecondacontinuoustrouble.Theconvenienceofthebreech-loadingandstillmoreofthemagazineriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.48Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyaufifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewsceneofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone’sownhouseandfireatone’sneighbournearlyamileaway... "TheactionoftheBritishgovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganisingadvancingabsorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthana’monstrousspoil-sport. "Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome.hadafightandthengoneawayagain...Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys...Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquietnottoshootoneanother.andaboveallnotmshootattravellersalongtheroad.49Itwastoomuchtoaskandawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource. "ThePoliticalOfficerswhoaccompaniedtheforce...wereveryunpopularwiththearmyofficers...50Theywereaccusedoftheseverecrimeof’shilly-shallying’whichbeinginterpretedmeansdoingeverythingyoupossiblycanbeforeyoushoot.Wehadwithusaverybrilliantpoliticalofficer...whowasmuchdislikedbecausehealwaysstoppedmilitaryoperations.Justwhenwewerelookingforwardtohavingasplendidfightandall-thegunswereloadedandeveryonekeyedup[he]wouldcomealongandputastoptoit./ 47
MakingmoneyisadirtygamesaystheInstituteofEconomicAffairs.summinguptheattitudeofBritishnoveliststowardsbusiness.TheIEA.afreemarketthink-tankhasjustpublishedacollectionofessaysTheRepresentationofBusinessinEnglishLiteraturebyfiveacademicschroniclingthehostilityofthecountry’smenandwomenofletterstothesordidbusinessofmakingmoney.TheimplicationisthatBritain’seconomicperformanceIsretardedbyananti-industrialculture.RatherthanblamingrebelliousworkersandincompetentmanagersforBritain’seconomicworries.thenwecanputGeorgeOrwellandMartinAmisinthedockinstead.FromDickens’sScroogetoAmis’sJohnSelfinhis1980snovelMoneynovelistshaveconjureduparogue’sgalleryofmean.greedyamoralmoney-menthathasalienatedtheirimpressionablereadersfromthenoblepursuitofcapitalism.Theargumenthasbeenwellmadebeforemostfamouslyin1981byMartinWiener.anAmericanacademicinhisEnglishCultureandtheDeclineoftheIndustrialSpirit.LadyThatcherwasanadmirerofMr.Wiener’s.andsheledacrusadetorevivetheentrepreneurialculturewhichtheliberalelitehadallegedlytrampledunderfoot.ThepresentChancelloroftheExchequerGordonBrownsoundsasthoughheagreeswithher.AtarecentspeechtotheConfederationofBritishIndustryhedeclaredthatitshouldbethedutyofeveryteacherinthecountrytocommunicatethevirtuesofbusinessandenterprise.Certainlymostnovelistsarehostiletocapitalismbutthisrefrainrisksscapegoatingwritersforfailingsforwhichtheyarenottoblame.Britain’scultureisnomoreanti-businessthanthatofothercountries.TheRomanticMovement.whichstartedasareactionagainsttheindustrialrevolutionofthe21stcenturywasbornandflourishedinGermanybuthasnotstoppedtheGermansfrombeingEurope’smostsuccessfulentreprcneursandindustrialists.EventheAmericansareguiltyofblackeningbusiness’sname.SMERSHandSPECTREwentourwiththecoldwarJamesBondnowtakesoninternationalmediamagnatesratherthanRosaKleb.HisfilmssuchasErinBrockovichhavepitcheddowntroddenmoralheroesagainsttheeviloffacelesscorporatism.YetnoneofthisseemstohavedentedAmerica’slustforfreeenterprise.Theironyisthatthenovelflourishedasanartformonlyafterandasaresultof.thecreationofthenewcommercialclassesofVictorianEnglandjustasthemodemHollywoodfilmcanexistonlyinaneraofmassconsumerism.Perhapsthemoralisthatcapitalistsocietiesconsumeliteratureandfilmtoletoffsteamratherthantochangetheworld.GeorgeOrwellandMartinAmisshouldberesponsiblefortheretardedeconomybecause______.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 1
JoyWilliam’squirkyfourthnovelTheQuickandtheDeadfollowsthree16-year-oldmisfitsinanabnormalCharlie’sAngelssetintheAmericansouth-west.Drivenunclearlytodefendanimalrightsthegirlsaccomplishlittlebeyondcurse:theyrescueawoundedoxandhurlstonesatstuffedelephants.Inwhatisstructurallyaroadnovelthatendsupwhereitbeganthethreesomestumblesuponbothcrueltytoanimalsandunlikelyromance.Amournfuldogiskilledbyanangryneighborataxidermistfallsinlovewithan8-year-olddirect-actionfirebranddeterminedthathepays.forhissins.AcareenacrossthebarelytamedArizonaprairiethispeculiarbookaimslessforatraditionalstorylinethanasequenceofnoisyoftenhilariousconversationsridiculouscircumstancesandabsurdistscene.Theconsequentlong-walk-to-nowhereisboththebook’slimitationanditscharm.Allthreegirlsaremotherless.FiercelypoliticalAlicediscoversthatherparentsarehergrandparentswhothereuponshrivel:Liehadkeptthemyoungwhereasthetruthhadacceleratedthempracticallyintooldness.BothparentsofthesorrowfulCorvusdrownedwhiledrivingonafloodedinterstateoff-ramp.ThemotherofthemoreconventionalAnnabeloneofthosepeoplewhowouldsayWe’llgetintouchsoonest’whentheyneverwantedtoseeyouagainslammedhercardrunkenlyintoafishrestaurant.LaterAnnabel’sfatherobservestohiswife’sghost.Youdidn’twanttoorderwhatIordereddarling.Thesharp-tonguedghostsnapsback:That’sbecauseyoualwaysorderedbadlyandwantedmetoexperienceyourmiserablemistake.Againstaroundlyapocalypticworldview.thegreatpleasuresofthisbookareline-by-line.Ms.Williamscanbreaksettingandcharacteralikeinafewslashes:itwasoneofthoseruggedAmericanplacesaremotesad-assbutcourageousdownwindtownwhosecitizenswereflawedandbrave.Alice’sacerbityspitslittlewisdoms:puttinglostteethunderapillowformoneyisaclassiccapitalisticconsumertrickdesignedtoweanyouawayatanearlyagefromhealthyhorror’andsensibledismaytogreedydeludedsunnyexpectancy.WhetherornotthenovellikeAlice.expresslyadvocatesanimalrightsananimalmotifcropsupineverysceneasflesh-and-bloodcrittersusuallydeadorplaindecorationoncrockery.IfMs.WilliamsdoesnotintendtoinducehumanhorroratapendingcruelArmageddonsheatleastinvokesafutureofearthlylonelinesswhereanimalsappearonlyasceramic-henbutterdishesandextinct-speciesElastoplasts.Onecaution:whenflimsynarrativesuperstructurebeginstosaganarchicwackinesscangrowwearing.WhileTheQuickandtheDeadissharpfromitsfirstpagethetroublewithstartingattheedgeisthereisnowheretogo.Nevertheless.Ms.Williamsisoriginalenergeticandviscouslyfunny:CarlHiaasenwithaconscience.Thegirlsinthenovel______.
Afteritsmisadventuresin1993.whenAmericanmarinesweredrivenoutofSomaliabyskinnygunmenAmericahasusedalongspooninsuppingwithSomalia’swarlords.This.tikesomuchelsechangedonSeptember11th.41 Clandestine.uptoapoint:withinhoursofthearrivalinBaidoaofninecloselycroppedAmericanssportingmatchingsatellitephonesandshadestheiractivitieswerebroadcast.Aftermeetingvariouswarlordsthegroupinspectedacompoundthathadapparentlybeenofferedtothemastheirfuturebase.Theyalsosawanoldmilitarydepot.Neithercanhavebeenencouraging:thecompoundhasbeentakenoverbywar-displacedfamiliesandthedepotbythorn-scrub. Americawasalreadyconvincedofal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.IthadlistedaSomaliIslamicgroupal-ltihaadal-IslamiyaIslamicUnityasaterroristorganisation.42.ItfearsthatlawlessSomaliacouldbecomeahavenforescapesfromAfghanistan.TheAmericannavyIscurrentlypatrollingthecountry’slongcoastlinewhilespyplanesaresaidtobecrisscrossingtheheavens. 43.WithalittlebitofhelphetoldhisAmericanvisitorshewouldbeready"toliberatethecountryfromtheseevilforces".AmericahadalreadyheardasmuchthroughitsembassiesinNairobiandAddisAbabawhichmaintaincontactwiththewarlordsandfromEthiopia. ThewarlordsaresupportedbyEthiopia.whichhasahistoricalfearofastrongSomalia.inabidtoopposethegovernment.Buttheirdifferingviewsonwheretostrikeatthe"terrorists"revealthattheirindividualambitionsareevensharperthantheirdislikeofthegovernment. Mr.IsmailsaysthatMerca.whichisclaimedbyhisRahanweinclan.isthecapitalofterror.44.TheUNsaysthereisonlyanorphanagetherenow.ButtheislandisclosetoMr.Morgan’shometownofKismaayowhichhefailedtocapturefromapro-governmentmilitiainJulyandheisdeterminednottofailagain. NoneofthislooksgoodforSomalia’sofficialpresidentAbdiquassimSaladHassan.whosegovernmentisincontrolofabouthalfthecapitalMogadishu.Hehasformedhisownanti-terrorismunitandinvitedAmericatosendinvestigatorsoreventroops.America.armedwithstoriesaboutthepresenceofal-Itihaadmembersheldback.butonDecember18thsentanenvoytoMogadishu. BothMr.HassanandtheUNsaythatal-Itihaadisnotaterroristorganisation.Itemergedasanarmedforcein1991.battlingforpowerintheaftermathofSiadBarre’sfall.Ithadsomeearlysuccesses.brieflytakingKismaayo.Butitwasalwaysdependentontheblessingofitsmembers’clanelders.Whentheelderseventuallycalledtheirfightersback.ahardcoreofIslamistsfledtotheGedoborderregionwherein1997theywerecrushedbyEthiopiantroops45. TheBaidoaallianceplainlyhopestobesupportedasproxiesinafightagainst"terrorism"andtheMogadishuregime.Butthelatestintelligenceleakssuggestthatthefirstreportsmayhaveoverestimatedal-Qaeda’spresenceinSomalia.NorwouldMr.binLadenandhishenchmenfinditeasytolielowinanoralculturethatconsidersrumour-mongeringtobeaformofmanners.Evenso.thewarlordsseemtobelievethattheyhavewonsomepromiseofhelp.SoonafterthearrivaloftheAmericangrouptheypulledoutofthepeacetalkstheyhadbeenholdingwiththeirgovernmentinNairobi. [A]Al-ItihaadsubsequentlyinfiltratedSomalia’sbusinessclassandnowrunsIslamicschoolscourtsandclinicswiththemoneyithasaccumulated. [B]AccordingtoAbdullahiSheikhIsmaittheactingchairmanofthelooseallianceofwarlordswhocontrolmostofSomaliaandarebasedinBaidoa.thereare"approximately20.480armedextremists"inSomaliaand"85%ofthegovernmentisal-Itihaad". [C]MuhammadHersiMorganknownasthe"butcherofHargeisa"becauseheoncerazedthattowntothegroundsaysanal-ItihaadcamponRasKamboniislandisstillactive. [D]ButsinceSeptember11th2001.westerngovernmentsanxioustoprevental-QaedafromusingSomaliaasabase.havepressedthewarlordstomakepeace. [E]Americanintelligenceofficersareworkingwithtwowarlordstogatherinformationaboutsuspectedat-QaedapeopleinSomalia. [F]OnDecember9thAmericasentaclandestinemissiontotalktoacollectionofSomaliwarlords.wholiketoclaimthattheircountryinparticulartheirUN-sponsoredgovernmentisoverrunwithterrorists [G]IthadalsoforcedtheclosureofBarakaatSomalia’sbiggestbankingandtelecomscompanywhichhandlesmostoftheremittancesthatSomalisworkingabroadsendbacktotheirfamilies. 41
JosephRykwertenteredhisfieldwhenpost-warmodernistarchitecturewascomingunderfireforitsalienatingembodimentofoutmodedsocialideals.ThinkoftheUNbuildinginNewYork.thecityofBrasilia.theUNESCObuildinginParistheblocksofhousingprojectsthroughouttheworld.Thesetall.uniformboxesaresetbackfromthestreetisolatedbywindsweptplazas.Theylookinwardtotheirownfunctionspresentingnofacetotheinhabitantsofthecitynoplaceforsocialinteraction.ForMr.Rykwert.whorejectsthefunctionalistspiritoftheAthensCharterof1933.amanifestoformuchpost-warbuildingsuchfacelessnessdestroysthehumanmeaningofthecity.Architecturalformshouldnotrigidlyfollowfunctionbutoughttoreflecttheneedsofthesocialbodyitrepresents.Likeotherformsofrepresentationarchitectureistheembodimentofthedecisionsthatgointoitsmakingnottheresultofimpersonalforcesmarketorhistory.Therefore.saysMr.RykwertadaptingJosephdeMaistre’sdictumthatanationhasthegovernmentitdeservesourcitieshavethefacestheydeserve.Inthisbook.Mr.Rykwert.anotedurbanhistorianofanthropologicalloveoffersaflaneur’sapproachtothecity’sexteriorsurfaceratherthananurbanhistoryfromtheconceptualinsideout.Hedoesnotdrivesohisinteractionwiththecityaffordshimawarts-and-allviewwithasensualgraspofwhatitistobeaplace.Hisstoryofurbanizationbeginsnotsurprisinglywiththeindustrialrevolutionwhenpopulationsshiftedandincreasedexacerbatingproblemsofhousingandcrime.Inthe19thcenturymanyplanningprogramsandutopiasEbenezerHoward’sgardencityandCharlesFourier’sphalansteriesamongthemwereproposedasremedies.Thesehavelefttheirmarkon20th-centurycitiesasdidBaronHausmann’sboulevardsinParisEugeneViollet-le-Duc’sandOwenJones’sargumentsforhistoricalstyleandAdolfLoos’sfatefulturn-of-the-centurycalltoabolishornamentwhichinturninspiredLeCorbusier’sbarefunctionalism.Thereaderwillrecognizealltheseideasinthesurfacesofthecitiesthathostedthem:NewYork.Paris.LondonandVienna.CitieschangedagainaftertheSecondWorldWaraspopulationsgrew.technologyracedandprosperityspread.Likeitornottoday’scitiesarethemuddledproductamongotherthingsofspeed.greedoutmodedsocialagendasandill-suitedpostmodernaesthetics.Somelamenttheoldcity’sdeath;otherswelcomeitsreplacementbytheelectronicallydrivenglobalvillage.MrRykwerthashisworriestobesure.buthedoesnotseeruinorchaoseverywhere.Hedefendsthecityasahumanandsocialnecessity.InChandigarhCanberraandNewYorkheseesoverallsuccess;inNewDelhiParisandShanghailargeareasoffalling.ForMr.Rykwert.amanonfootintheageofspeedingvirtualgoodarchitecturemaystillshowusafacewhereflaneurscanreadthestoryoftheirurbansettinginfamiliarmetaphors.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphimplies______.
ThecurrentFrenchbestsellerlistsarewonderfullyeclectic.In1.thereiseverything2blockbusterthrillerstoCatherineMiller’sLaVieSexuelledeCatherineM.anovelwhichhasbeen3praisedashighartand4asupmarketporn.Thentherearenovels5thestickyquestionsofgoodand6LeDemonetMademoisellePrymandfaithversussciencemthemodernworldL’apparition.Philosophical7continueinthenon-fictionlist.8thisweekbyMichelOnfray’s"AntimanueldePhilosophic".awittytalk9someofphilosophy’sperennialdebates.ThosewholiketheirbigissuesinsmallchunksarealsoenjoyingFredericBeigbeder’sDernierInventaireavantLiquidation.asurveyofFrance’s1020th-centurybooks11withMr.Beigbeder’s12humourfromthetitleonThe50booksoftheCenturyChosenbyYouandCritiquedbyMe InBritain.meanwhilethereisoliveoilalloverthenon-fictionlist.It’samajor13forNigellaLawsonadomesticdivinityandcelebrity14whoselatest15ofrecipestopsthelist.AnnieHawesinsecond16.tookherself17tothesun-drenchedhillsofItalytogrowherownolivesandwriteabookaboutthemasdidCarolDrinkwaterjust18theborderinFrance.Fiction-wiseit’sbusinessas19withtherequisiteholidaymixofthrillersromancefantasyandHarryPotter.withTheGobletofFirestillburning20atnumberthree. 9
Anewstudyclaimingtodocumentaconnectionbetweenviolenceontelevisionandviolenceinreallifeisalreadycomingunderattackfromacademics.Theysaythattheauthorisdemandingactiononhisreportbeforeproducingdetailedfindingstosubstantiateit. 47Dr.WilliamBelsontoldtheBritishAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceinBirminghamlastweekthathisresearchsuggestedthatboysexposedtohighlevelsoftelevisionviolencewere50percentmorelikelytocommitactsofviolencethanboyswhohadnotbeenexposed. His110000poundssurveypaidforbyCBStheAmericantelevisioncompanystudiedmorethan15000Londonboysagedbetween12and16.HeclosedhispaperwithacallforimmediateactiononhisrecommendationstoreducelevelsofTVviolenceandspecifickindsofviolencewhichheclaimedweremoredamagingthanothers.HisrecommendationswereenthusiasticallyendorsedbyMrs.MaryWhitehouse. SocialscientistsfamiliarwiththefieldhaveanumberofspecificqueriesaboutBelson’swork.48Theypointedoutthatastatisticaltechniqueinventedbyhimandcentraltohisresearchhasbeencriticizedbysomeacademicsinthepast.RobinMrCornoftheMassCommunicationResearchCentreatLeicesterUniversitysays"Selfreporting—askingthesubjecttogivehisownaccountoftheevidenceisnotoriouslyunreliable.Studieshaveputthepossibleerrorashighas20percentandwedon’tknowwhatcheckstherewereinthiswork.ThefactthatBelsonpaidtheboysmay’havehadaninfluence.Withoutthefulldataitcan’tbechecked." McCornadds:"Hisquestionsontheprogrammesgoback12years.Iftheboyswereagedbetween13and16itmeanstheoldestwasonlyfouryearsoldwhenthefirstprogrammeswerebroadcast.HowreliableisthememoryofachildthatyounglikelytobeontheprogrammeshewatchedDr.Belsonmayhaveanswersbutwejustdon’tknow." 49TheNelsonaffairhighlightsthedifficultiesfacedbyresearchersintotelevisionviolence-problemssoseverethatatleastoneBritishgrouphaswithdrawnfromthefieldcompletely."It’simpossibletodoseriousscientificworkinhisareanow"saysRobinMcCron."Ithasmovedoutoftheacademicworldandithasbeentakenoverbypressuregroupsandpolitics." IndeedexperienceintelevisionresearchinAmericarevealshowtreacherousthisfieldhasbecome.50Resultsofnervousprojectstherehavebeenfoundatworstcontradictoryatbestinconclusive. TheNelsonaffairhighlightsthedifficultiesfacedbyresearchersintotelevisionviolence-problemssoseverethatatleastoneBritishgrouphaswithdrawnfromthefieldcompletely.It’simpossibletodoseriousscientificworkinhisareanowsaysRobinMcCron
热门题库
更多
高考生物
高考政治
高考历史
国家统考科目
香港法概论
反间谍法
__学
合同法
证据学
民事诉讼法学
民法学
刑法学
消费者权益保护法
法理学
竞争法
国际公法
湘公网安备 43130202000226号