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In July 19阅读理解upiter,the largest planet in our solar system,was struck by 21 pieces of a comet (彗星...
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Systemic-FunctionalGrammarunliketraditionalgrammar
根据变应原吸入后哮喘发生时间可将其分为
速发型哮喘反应(IAR)和迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)
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迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)和双相型哮喘反应(OAR)
速发型哮喘反应(LAR)、迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)和双相型哮喘反应(OAR)
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表面理解
深层理解
理解是阅读的基础因而近年来对阅读策略研究较多的是理解策略自我提问策略和总结策略是两种最主要的理解策略
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根据一定的学习目的通过熟读熟记和理解积累与掌握专业知识和有关文化科学知识的阅读被称为是在
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某一实验探讨了男性与女性被试阅读自然科学类与社会科学类文章的阅读理解水平是否存在差异结果表明阅读理解
阅读理解WonderfulActivitiesforTeenagersinSummerVacatio
根据变应原吸入后哮喘发生时间可将其分为
速发型哮喘反应(IAR)和双相型哮喘反应(OHR)
速发型哮喘反应(IAR)和迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)
速发型哮喘反应(IAR)、迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)和双相型哮喘反应(OAR)
双相型哮喘反应(OAR)和迟发型哮喘反应(LAR)
缓发型哮喘反应和双相型哮喘反应
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AtDallas/FortWorthAirportthelightsarecontrolledbysensorsthatmeasuresunlight.Theydimimmediatelywhenit'ssunnyandbrightenwhenapassingcloudblocksthesun.A.wallofwindowsataUniversityofPennsylvaniaengineeringbuildinghasbuilt-inblinds百叶窗controlledbyacomputerprogramthatfollowsthesun'spath.Buildingsaregettingsmarter--andthenextgenerationofbuildingmaterialsisexpectedtodoevenmorE.Windowscouldcatchthesun'senergytoheatwater.Sensorsthatmeasurethecarbondioxidebreathedoutbypeopleinaroomcoulddeterminewhethertheairconditioningneedstobeturnedup.Manynewmaterialsandtechnologyhavebeendesignedinthelast15years.TheynowbeingusedinawaveofbuildingsdesignedtosaveasmuchenergyaspossiblE.Theyincludeoldideaslikegreenroofswhereabeltofplantsonaroofhelpsthebuildingkeepheatinwinterandstaycoolinsummerandnewideaslikespecialcoatingforwindowsthatletslightinbutkeepsheatout.AstechnologiessuchassensorsbecomecheapertheirusesspreaD.Theelevators电梯atSevenWorldTradeCenterwhichisunderconstructioninNewYorkuseasystemthatgroupspeopletravelingtonearbyfloorintothesameelevatorthussavingelevatorstops.Peoplewhoworkinthebuildingwillenteritbyswiping刷IDcardsthatwilltelltheelevatorstheirfloor;readoutswillthentellthemwhichelevatortousE.Thebuildingalsohaswindowswithacoatingthatblocksheatwhilelettinginlight.Morenewbuildingmaterialsandtechnologyareindevelopment.A.Philadelphiabuildingfirmisnowworkingonsmartwrapthatusestinysolarcollectorstocatchthesun'senergyandtransmitters传输器thewidthofahumanhairtomoveit.Theyareexpectedtochangethefaceoftheconstructionindustryinthenexttenyearsorso.72.______willbedevelopedandusedintheconstructionindustry.A.GreenroofsthatcoolorheatbuildingsB.Smartwrapthatcatchesthesun'senergyC.Sunlight-measuringsensorsthatcontrollightsD.Windowcoatingthatletslightinbutkeepsheatout73.TheelevatorsatSevenWorldTradeCenterarespecialbecausetheycan___A.sendpeopletofloorswithfewerstopsB.teachpeoplehowtousetheirIDcardsC.makepeoplestayverycoolinsummerD.helppeoplegotravelinginthebuilding74.Theunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphrefersto_____.A.ahumanhairB.smartwrapC.thesun'senergyD.atransmitter75.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.BuildingsAreBecomingSmarterB.BuildingsAreGettingMoreSunlightC.BuildingsAreLackinginMuchEnergyD.BuildingsAreUsingCheaperMaterials
31stOctober——A.teamofBritishexplorershasannouncedtheyaregoingtotheNorthPoletomeasuretheicecap’sthickness.Theexplorationwilltakeground-basedreadings仪表的读数ofaniceformationwhichmostscientistsagreeisshrinkingatanalarmingratE.ExplorerPenHadow’sthree-memberteamwillpullasled-fixedradardevicewhichmeasuresicedensityeveryeightcentimeters2000kilometersacrosstheArcticandwillproducemillionsofreadings.TheywillleaveinFebruary2008andwillfacetemperaturesof-50℃onajourneythatwilltakeupto120days.TheyhavebeentestingtheirequipmentinBritainandCanadA.Hadowisexcitedabouttheprospects前景Forthefirsttimewewillbeabletotransmitvideoimages—webcamfilmoftheexpedition—asitunfoldssopeoplecantrackusandthewholeideaistoengageasmanypeopleaswecaninwhatwe’redoing.Newfallensnowontopoftheicemakesground-basedmeasurementsmoreaccuratethansatellitedatA.IthasbeenintheplanningstageforawhilesaidHadow.Wespentthelasttwoyearsdevelopingimpulseradar冲击雷达whichnormallyisabout100kilogramsandhangsunderanaircraftandsoon.We’vemanagedtogetitdowntoabout4kilograms.It’sthesizeofabriefcaseandwearedraggingitbehindthesledaswego.Theicecapshrankenoughin2007sothatapathwaythroughthecapknownastheNorthwestPassageopenedupduringthemeltingoftheArcticsummer.CambridgeUniversity’sJoaoRodriguesexplainsThicknessoftheicecapwilldeterminehowmuchsolarradiationwillbereflectedandtheheatexchangebetweentheoceanandtheatmosphereanditisthusavitalcomponent成分ofclimatemodels.IfwarmingtrendscontinuesomeexpertspredictthattheArcticOceancouldbeice-freeduringthesummerwithinafewdecades.１Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ExplorationtotheNorthPolE.B.Arcticicecapshrinking.C.ArcticicesurveyannounceD.D.Ground-basedmeasurementsoficE.２.Whatisspecialabouttheexploration?A.ItwillbebroadcastliveontheInternet.B.Explorerswilluseasled-fixedradardevicE.C.Explorerswilltravelinextremelycoldconditions.D.Ground-basedmeasurementsaremoreaccuratE.３.Whatisthepurposeoftheexploration?A.Tomeasuretheicecap’sthickness.B.TostudywhethericewilldisappearintheArctiC.C.TomakeafilmabouttheArcticexploration.D.Tomakepeopleinterestedinwhattheyaredoing.４.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.iceintheArcticwilldisappearintenyearsB.theexplorationwilllastforhalfayearC.Hadowspenttwoyearsdevelopingakindofradarwhichisabout100kilogramsD.ifthereissnowonicesatellitescan’tmeasuretheicethicknessaccuratelyenough５.Fromthepassagewelearnthat________.A.theexplorerswillmeasureicedensityeveryothercentimeterB.peoplewillbeabletofollowtheexplorersandseewhattheyaredoingC.peoplecouldgothroughtheNorthwestPassageinthe2007ArcticsummerD.theequipmentthatHadow’steamusewillbetestedintheUnitedStates
EComputermouseisnolongersostrong.A.Canadianengineerhasinventedasystemthatenablesacomputerusertopushacursor光标acrossascreensimplybymovinghisorhernose.Hecallshisnose-drivenmouseamousE.TheinventorDmityGorodnichycameupwiththeideaforthemousewhilebuildingcomputersoftwarethatwouldhelpastronautsoperatetheCanadarm—alongroboticarmontheU.S.spaceshuttle.Hissystememploysaweb-camerathatrecognizesacomputeruser’snosefrom25pixelsorpointsoflight.Dmitychosethenosebecauseitspositionremainsrelativelyconstantnomatterwhichwaytheheadmoves.Thesystemkeepstrackofthepixelsandtheusermatchesthemovementsofhisorhernosewiththeprogressofthecursoracrossthescreen.Themousekeepstrackoftheeyestoo.Twoblinks眨眼areadoubleclickwhichturnsthemouseonoroff.Themousehasreceivedmixedcommentsfromthosewhoholdoppositeopinions.Onecalleditapointlesswasteoftechnology.Anotherpredictedthatthenousewillfailtocatchonbecauseitmakesuserslooksilly.DmityhasalreadyadaptedthenouseforNousePongavideogameandNousePaintadrawingprogram.Healsopredictsthatthemousewillattractthepeoplewhohavesufferedfromspecificdisease-painsenselessnessortremblinginthehandcausedbythefrequentrepetitionofmovementsofthewristandfingerssuchastypingatacomputerkeyboard.Hisnextplanistoadaptthenouseforusebyparalyzed瘫痪patientsinhospitals.Withtwoblinksoftheeyespatientscoulddouble-clickforhelp.72.Thebesttitleforthispassageisprobably.A.MouseDrivenbyNoseB.CursorMovedWithoutfingersC.NewComputerSystemforAstronautsD.NewTypeofMouseforPatients73.Thenouseisasystemworkingbymeansof.A.keepingtrackofthepointsoflightB.movingone’snoseorblinkingC.movingcursoracrossthescreenD.matchingtheuser’snosewitheyes74.Theunderlinedphrasecatchonmeans.A.becomepopularB.beusedC.getimprovedD.bemade75.Dmitypredictsthatthenousewillbemoreusedtohelp.A.thosewhohaveeyetroubleB.developavideogameanddrawingprogramC.thosetravelinginspaceD.thedisabledwiththehandandparalyzedpatients
Evenplantcanrunafeverespeciallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordiseasE.Butunlikehumanplantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3000feetaway-straightup.A.decadeagoadoptingtheinfrared红外线scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellitesphysicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide杀虫剂sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefieldwhichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon’thavepest害虫problems.EvenbetterPaley’sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeyE.Mountedonaplaneflownat3000feetatnightaninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunningfevers.Farmerscouldthenspot-sprayusing50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewoulD.ThebadnewsisthatPaley’scompanycloseddownin1984afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofinD.ButwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduceandrefinementsininfraredscanningPaleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStatessaysGeorgeOertherofTexasA.&M.RayJacksonwhorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculturethinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecadE.ButonlyffPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.56.Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare________.A.sprayedwithpesticidesB.facinganinfraredscannerC.inpoorphysicalconditionD.exposedtoexcessivesunrays57.Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingpreciselywecanuseinfraredscanningto________.A.estimatethedamagetothecropsB.measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaC.drawacolor-codedmapD.locatetheproblemarea58.Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby________.A.resortingtospot–sprayingB.consultinginfraredscanningexpertsC.transformingpoisonedrainD.detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage59.Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties________.A.thelackofofficialsupportB.itshighcostC.thelackoffinancialsupportD.itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction60.Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof________.A.thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduceB.growingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncropsC.theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgricultureD.fullsupportfromagriculturalexperts
第二节简答题共3小题每小题1.5分满分4.5分Tsunamis海啸areaseriesofhugewavescreatedbyanundergroundmovementsuchasanearthquakeoravolcaniceruption火山喷发.A.tsunamicantravelhundredsofmilesperhourintheopenoceanandhitthelandwithhugewaves.Fromtheareawherethetsunamiscomewavestravelinalldirections.Oncethewavesapproachthecoasttheywillbecomemorethan100feetinheight.Thetopography地形ofthecoastlineandtheoceanfloorwillinfluencethesizeofthewavE.TheremaybemorethanonewaveandthelatteronemaybelargerthantheonebeforE.Thatiswhyasmalltsunamiatonebeachcanbeahugewaveafewmilesaway.AlltsunamisaredangerouseveniftheymaynotdamageeverycoastlinetheystrikE.A.tsunamicanstrikeanywherealongmostoftheUScoastlinE.ManyharmfultsunamishaveoccurredalongthecoastsofCaliforniaOregonWashingtonAlaskaandHawaii.A.movementoftheoceanfloorcausedbyearthquakesmostoftencausestsunamis.Ifatsunamioccursclosetoacoastthefirstwavecouldreachthebeachinafewminutesevenbeforeawarningisgiven.Areasareatgreaterriskiftheyarelessthan25feetabovesealevelandwithinamileofthecoastlinE.Drowningisthemostcommoncauseofdeathduringatsunami.Tsunamiwavesareveryharmfultobuildings.Otherdangersincludefloodspollutionofdrinkingwaterandfiresfromgaslines.Anaccurateprediction预报systemwillallowauthorities官方toissuetimelywarningsandsavelivesintheeventofashore-boundtsunami.ButforecastingtsunamisaccuratelyisverydifficultbecausetheoceanisusuallycalmbeforetheystrikelanD.65.Whatcancausetsunamisaccordingtothepassage?回答词数不超过6个______________________________________________________________________________66.Whatharmcanatsunamibringbesideskillingpeopleanddamagingbuildings?回答词数不超过15个______________________________________________________________________________67.Whyisitverydifficulttoforecasttsunamiaccurately?回答词数不超过9个______________________________________________________________________________
BPeoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformeD.ItisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnotorwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitivE.Socialscientistsareofcourseextremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.TherearenoclearanswersyetbuttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedevelopeD.Asonemightexpectthetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanotherandthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoasnature/nurture.Thosewhosupportthenaturesideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittleifanythingtodowithourabilitiescharacteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextremethistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.Proponentsofthenurturetheoryorastheyareoftencalledbehavioristsclaimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists’viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic;theymaintainthatlikemachineshumans’respondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Eitherofthesetheoriescannotyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infactitisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.69.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldthesupportersofthenaturetheoryagreewith?A.Aperson’sinstinctshavelittleeffectonhisactions.B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson’sbehaviorandpersonality.C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.D.Thebehaviorists’viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.70.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversythewriterofthisarticle____________.A.supportsthenaturetheoryB.supportsthenurturetheoryC.believesbotharecompletelywrongD.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeories.71.IntheUnitedStatesBlackpeopleoftenscorebelowWhitepeopleonintelligencetests.WiththisinmindwhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.NatureproponentswouldsaythatWhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoBlacks.B.SupportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatWhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment.C.BehavioristswouldsaythatBlacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatWhitesenjoy.D.NurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatBlacksarebiologicallyinferiortoWhites.
MichaelNewmanistryingtogetaheadtoprovideforhisfamily.HeisatalentedarchitectwhowillinglytakesonprojectswithimpossibledeadlinesinordertopleasehisbossAmmerandsecureapartnershipinthefirm.ButallworkandnoplaymeanthatMichaelismissingspendingtimewiththefamily.HiswifeDonnaistryingtobeavailableforswimmeetscampingtripstreehousecompletionandsomegoodolddays.BenandSamanthaarehisadoringchildrenwhojustwanttoplaywiththeirdaD.AfteryetanotherlongdayfilledwithfrustrationsMichaelgoesinsearchofauniversalremote万能遥控器sothathecanatleastbeincontrolofhisTV.Onlyonestoreisopen:BedBathandBeyond–wherehegetsaveryspecialuniversalremotE.ThereisalotofpowerinMichael’snewtoy;hecanrevisitoldscenesfromhispastputpeopleonmute无声的andfastforwardthroughtheboringparts.HeturnsoffthevolumeeachtimeheargueswithhiswifE.Hefast–forwardsthroughaboringfamilydinner.HeskipsaheadtoavoidabadcolD.Hejumpstothechapterwherehegetsapromotion.It’sallreallygreatuntiltheremotebeginstousesomeofthespeciallyprogrammedfeatures–theremotestartspredictingwhenMichaelwilluseitautomaticallyhurtling猛扔himbeyondlife’sdifficultandmundanemoments.ButmostofourlivesaredifficultandmundanesoMichaelisforcedtotravelyearsintothefuturE.Eventuallyherealizesthefamilydoghasdiedandbeenreplacedbyanotherthathiskidshavegrownupthathiswifeismarriedtosomeoneelseandthatheweighs400pounds.Ithappenedwhilehewasn’tpayingattention.Themovieisbeingsoldasacomedybutitessentiallyinvolvesaworkaholicwhousestheuniversalremotetoskipoverallthebadthingsinhislifeanddiscoversintheprocessthatheismissinglifeitself.60.WhydidMichaelNewmandecidetobuyauniversalremote?A.TomakehisbosshappyB.TorememberhislifeinthepastC.ToseewhathisfuturelifewouldbelikeD.Toescapefromthehardshipsofhislife61.Theunderlinedwordmundaneinthethirdparagraphmeans.A.interestingB.excitingC.boringD.abandoned62.Whatcanweinferfromthestory?A.Michaelisunabletosupporthisfamily.B.Michaelhassomedifficultiesinhisjobnow.C.TheremotecanhelpMichaeldomanythings.D.Michaelisanirresponsibleman.63.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.remindustoliveareallifeB.persuadeustobuytheremoteC.encourageustoworkhardD.makeusfeelrelaxedfromwork
BSupposeakeymaninyourfirmhadjustmetwithaterribleaccident.ThedoctortellyouthatthismanuponwhomyoudependfordirectingsalescheckingyourbooksorforperformingsomeotherimportantroleswillbelaidupformonthsYou’dhavetoreplacehimwouldn’tyou?Andprobablyatapayaboutequaltohis?Thenyou’dbefacedwithdoublepayingforonejobbecausestoppingthepayofaninjuredmanwouldsimplybeoutofthequestion.YoucanpreventthiskindofunproductiveoutgoonyourpayrollbyprovidingyourkeymanwiththeprotectionofTravelersBusinessAccidentInsurance!ThisinsuranceprovidestotalmedicalexpenseandaweeklyincomeincaseakeymanisdisabledforsometimE.Shouldthedisabilityproveeverlastinganincomeforlifeiscertainty.Whynotmakeoutalistofyourkeymennow?ThengettogetherwithTravelersInsuranceCompanyandletustellyouhowlittleitcoststoapplythismuchneededprotectiontoyourbusiness.Writeandwe'llserveyou!59.Theaboveismostprobably________.A.areportB.aletterC.anannouncementD.anadvertisement60.Whommightthewritingbemainlyfor?A.Animportantpersoninafirm.B.Anemployeeofafirm.C.Thebossofacompany.D.Readersofanewspaper.61.Whywouldthepaybedoubled?A.BecausetwopersonsaredoingonejobofthesamE.B.Becausetheimportantjobisworthdoublepay.C.BecauseitisnecessarythattheinjuredpersonshouldbepaiD.D.Becausethedoublepayisfortwopersons.62.TravelersInsuranceCompany________forapersoninsureD.A.willpayforallthecostoftreatmentB.willpaytheweeklyincomeoreventhatoflifetimeC.won’tgetmuchfromthefirmD.willprovideeverlastingpensionaswellasmedicalexpense
Howmuchcanenvironmentaffectintelligence?InonestudystrikingincreasesinIQoccurredin25childrenwhoweremovedfromanorphanage孤儿院tomorestimulating使人兴奋的使人振奋的environments.Thechildrenwhowereallconsideredmentallyretardedandunadoptableweremovedtoaninstitutionwheretheyreceivedpersonalattentionfromadults.Laterthesesupposedlyretardedchildrenwereadoptedbyparentswhogavethemloveafamilyandastimulatinghomeenvironment.Thechildrengainedanaverageof29IQpoints.Foronechildtheincreasewasanamazing58points.Asecondgroupofinitiallylessretardedchildrenwhostayedintheorphanagelostanaverageof26IQpoints.Otherencouragingresultscanbefoundinearlychildhoodeducationprogramswhichprovidestimulatingintellectualexperiencesfordisadvantagedchildren.Inonestudychildrenfromlow-incomefamiliesweregivenenrichedenvironmentsfromearlyinfancy婴儿期throughpreschool.Byage2theirIQscoreswerealreadyhigherthanthoseinacontrolgroup.Moreimportanttheywerestill5pointshighersevenyearslater.High-qualityenrichmentprogramssuchasHeadStartcanpreventchildrenfromfallingbehindinschool.A.particularlystrikingenvironmentaleffectisthefactthat14nationshaveshownaverageIQgainsoffrom5to25pointsduringthelast30years.TheseIQboostsaveraging15pointsoccurredinfartooshortatimeforgeneticstoexplainthem.Itismorelikelythatthegainsreflectenvironmentalforcessuchasimprovededucationnutritionandlivinginatechnologicallycomplexsociety.What'sthemainideaofthispassageA.RetardedchildrencannotimprovetheirIQ's.B.Orphanagesarefullofmentallyretardedchildren.C.Environmentalfactorsinfluenceachild'sIQ.D.Earlychildhoodeducationprogramsareimportant.Theauthorisinfavorof_____________accordingtothepassagE.A.puttingretardedchildrenintoinstitutionsB.providingearlychildhoodeducationprogramsC.keepingchildreninorphanagesD.keepingretardedchildrenwithotherslikethemselvesWhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanenvironmentalfactorthataffectsIQ.A.Goodnutrition.B.Improvedtechnology.C.Bettereducation.D.Foodpollution.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Attentionfromparentshaslittleeffectonachild'sIQ.B.HeadStartprogramsareawasteofmoney.C.IncreasesinIQhavehappenedintheUSmorerapidlythanelsewherE.D.Geneticsarelessimportantthanenvironmentingainingone'sIQ.
第三节:阅读理解共15小题每小题2分满分30分SavetheAnimalsAnimalsarenaturalresources资源thatpeoplehavewastedallthroughourhistory.Animalshavebeenkilledfortheirfurandfeathersforfoodforsportandsimplybecausetheywereintheway.Thousandsofkindsofanimalshavedisappearedfromtheearthforever.Hundredsmoreareonthedangerlisttoday.About170kindsintheUnitedStatesaloneareconsideredindanger.Whyshouldpeoplecare?Becauseweneedanimals.AndbecauseoncetheyaregonetherewillneverbeanymorE.Animalsaremorethanjustbeautifulorinteresting.TheyaremorethanjustasourceoffooD.EveryanimalhasitsplaceinthebalanceofnaturE.Destroyingonekindofanimalcancreatemanyproblems.Forexamplewhenfarmerskilledlargenumbersofhawks鹰thefarmers’storesofcornandgrainweredestroyedbyratsandmicE.Why?BecausehawkseatratsandmicE.Withnohawkstokeepdowntheirnumberstheratsandmicemultiplied繁殖quickly.Luckilysomepeopleareworkingtohelpsavetheanimals.Somegroupsraisemoneytoletpeopleknowabouttheproblem.Andtheytrytogetthegovernmentstopasslawsprotectinganimalsindanger.Quiteafewcountrieshavepassedlaws.Theselawsforbidthekillingofanyanimalorplantonthedangerlist.Slowlythenumberofsomeanimalsindangerisgrowing.41.Animalsareimportanttousmainlybecause__________.A.theygiveusasourceoffoodB.theyarebeautifulandlovelyC.theykeepthebalanceofnatureD.theygiveusalotofpleasure42.Whathashappenedtotheanimalsontheearth?A.About170kindsofanimalshavedisappearedforever.B.Thousandsofkindsofanimalsaregoneforever.C.Afewkindsofanimalshavediedout.D.Allkindsofanimalsareindanger.43.Whydopeoplekillanimals?A.TheykillanimalsforsomethingtheyneeD.B.Theykillanimalstoraisesomemoney.C.Animalsdestroytheirnaturalresources.D.Animalscreatemanyproblems.44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Peoplecaremuchaboutanimalsbecausetheyneedthem.B.Killingallratsandmicemaycausesomenewproblems.C.OnceacertainkindofanimalisgoneforevertherewillneverbeanymorE.D.Peoplemustnotkillanyanimalorplant.45.Whatcanweconcludefromthefactthatquiteafewcountrieshavepassedlawsprotectinganimalsindanger?A.AnimalsindangerwillbekeptawayfrompeoplE.B.AnimalsindangerwillnotbekilledanymorE.C.ThenumberofsomeanimalsindangerwillincreasE.D.Everypersonwillknowtheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.
Believeitornotopticalillusion错觉cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Butstripescalledchevrons人字形paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyareandthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundation基金会forTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyearthefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivetoogreatspeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidentsaccordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidentsthefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsdangerarethegreatestcurvesexitslopestrafficcirclesandbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.Howevertrafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.Chevronsscientistssaynotonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.Thepassagemainlydiscusses________.A.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrolB.anewpatternforpaintinghighwaysC.anewwayoftrainingdriversD.anewtypeofopticalillusionOnroadspaintedwithchevronsdriverstendtofeelthat________.A.theyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazardsB.theyaredrivinginthewronglaneC.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeedD.theyarecomingneartothespeedlimitTheadvantageofchevronsoverstraighthorizontalbarsisthattheformer________.A.cankeepdriversawakeB.cancutroadaccidentsinhalfC.willlookmoreattractiveD.willhavealongereffectondriversTheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto________.A.tryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareasB.changetheroadsignsacrossthecountryC.replacestraighthorizontalbarswithchevronsD.repeattheJapaneseroadpatternsWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?A.Theyaresuitableonlyonbroadroads.B.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates.C.TheyareignoredinalongperiodoftimE.D.Theycannotbeusedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.
Itwillbehot—hotenoughthatmostlocalswillhaveclearedtownforcoolerplaces.Butbecauseathletescompetingatthe2004Olympicshavenochoicebuttostayinthehotweathermanyplantoturntosciencetostaycool.Somewillputtheirhandsinicewaterjustbeforecompetingandnearlyallwillbewearingfabrics织物designedwithhotweatherinminD.NormallywewarmupbeforeexercisesaidGordonSleivertdirectorofsportsscienceandmedicineattheCanadianSportCenterinVictoriaBritishColumbiA.Butinthiscasewe'retakingthewarmoutofwarmup.It'slikepre-cooling.Expertsarepredicting预测theaveragehighthisAugustinAthenswillbe90degreesFahrenheitwithtemperaturesoftenreachingabove100theaveragetemperatureinSydneyforthe2000summergameswas64.Althoughsomeeventssuchasthemarathonwillstartearly1A.m.toavoidhotweatherothercompetitorswillbepushingtheirlimitsduringhightemperatures.Drinkinglotsofwaterwillhelpathleteskeepcoolbuthumidity湿度remainsaproblem.Thebody'sabilitytocooldownisweakenedbydampairsincesweatdripsofftheskinratherthanevaporates蒸发resultingindehydration脱水withoutthecooling.Gettinghotisarealproblembecausewhenourbrainsheatsupthebrainwavesaremorelikewhenyou'rereallysleepy.EverythingfeelshardersaidSleivert.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_______.A.whyitisveryhotinAthensB.thehotweatherisabigproblemforOlympicathletesC.howimportantscienceistoeveryathleteD.theOlympicswillbeputoffbecauseofthehotweatherTheunderlinedsentenceothercompetitorswillbepushingtheirlimitsduringhightemperaturesinthefifthparagraphmeans_______.A.OlympicathleteswillputofftheircompetitiontimeB.someeventsintheOlympicswillhavetobeputforwardC.competitorscan'treachtheirlimitsinthehotweatherD.competitorswillhavetotrytheirbesttocompeteunderanyconditionThefollowingthingswillbelikelytohappeninthehotweatherEXCEPT_______.A.dehydrationB.beingsleepyC.thatthebloodinthebodycanbecomelessandlessD.thatthebody'sabilitytocooldownisweakened
Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.A.personwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotseriousbutsometypesaredeadly.ThesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfooD.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Certainmicroorganisms微生物causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggsmeatvegetablesandmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebodythesetinylivingthingsrelease释放poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.TheyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrownprocessedorprepareD.Forexamplemanyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.SomeplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeoplE.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafoodgrainsnutsseedsbeansandmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperlytheriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.FinallypeopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewilD.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inadditionsometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.IfpeopleeatnaturalpoisonstheymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptieD.67.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.68.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials69.FromParagraph5wecanlearnthat______________.A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently70.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____________.A.naturalmaterialsaresafeinfoodprocessingB.chemicalsareneededinfoodprocessingC.foodpoisoningcanbekeptundercontrolD.foodpoisoningisoutofcontrol
A.newstudywarnsthataboutthirtypercentoftheworld'speoplemaynothaveenoughwaterbytheyear2025.A.privateAmericanorganizationcalledPopulationActionInternationaldidthenewstudy.Itsaysmorethanthree-hundred-thirty-five-millionpeoplelackenoughwaternow.Thepeopleliveintwenty-eightcountries.MostofthecountriesareinAfricaortheMiddleEast.P-A-IresearcherRobertEngelmansaysbytheyear2025aboutthree-thousand-millionpeoplemaylackwater.Atleast18morecountriesareexpectedtohaveseverewaterproblems.Thedemandforwaterkeepsincreasing.YettheamountofwateronEarthstaysthesamE.Mr.EngelmansaysthepopulationincountriesthatlackwaterisgrowingfasterthaninotherpartsoftheworlD.HesayspopulationgrowthinthesecountrieswillcontinuetoincreasE.Thereportsayslackofwaterinthefuturemayresultinseveralproblems.Itmayincreasehealthproblems.LackofwateroftenmeansdrinkingwatersarenotsafE.Mr.Engelmansaysthereareproblemsallovertheworldbecauseofdiseasessuchascholerawhicharecarriedinwater.Lackofwatermayalsoresultinmoreinternationalconflict.CountriesmayhavetocompeteforwaterinthefuturE.Somecountriesnowgetsixtypercentoftheirfreshwaterfromothercountries.ThisistrueofEgypttheNetherlandsCambodiaSyriaSudanandIraq.Andthereportsayslackofwaterwouldaffecttheabilityofdevelopingtoimprovetheireconomies.Thisisbecausenewindustriesoftenneedalargeamountofwaterwhentheyarebeginning.ThePopulationActionInternationalstudygivesseveralsolutionstothewaterproblem.OnewayitsaysistofindwaystousewaterformorethanonepurposE.Anotherwayistoteachpeopletobecarefulnottowastewater.A.thirdwayistouselesswaterofagriculturE.Thereportalsosayslong-termsolutionstothewaterproblemmustincludecontrolsonpopulationgrowth.ItsayscountriescannotprovidecleanwaterunlesstheyslowpopulationgrowthbylimitingthenumberofchildrenpeoplehavE.areexpectedtohaveseverewaterproblemsbytheyear2025.A.18countriesB.NocountriesC.46countriesD.28countriesAllthefollowingaretrueexcept.A.NewindustriesneedalotofwaterB.TherearesolutionstothewaterproblemC.EgyptnowhasenoughfreshwaterD.LackofwatermaycauseconflictbetweencountriesItcanbelearnedthat.A.Theabilityofdevelopinghasnothingtodowithlackofwater.B..ItisnotknownwhetherdiseaseshavesomethingtodowithlackofwaterC.LackofwatermayalsoresultfrominternationalconflictD.ThereisconnectionbetweenprovidingcleanwaterandslowingpopulationgrowthThebesttitleofthepassagewouldbe.A.WorldWaterShortageB.PopulationandWaterC.WorldConflictD.DiseasesandWater
ManycitiesaroundtheworldtodayareheavilypolluteD.Carelessmethodsofproductionandlackofconsumerdemandforenvironment环境friendlyproductshavecontributedtothepollutionproblem.Oneresultisthatmillionsoftonsofglasspaperplasticandmetalcontainersareproducedandthesearedifficulttogetridof.Howevertodaymoreandmoreconsumersarechoosinggreenanddemandingthattheproductstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.Beforetheybuyaproducttheyaskquestionslikethese:Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?Canthismetalcontainerbereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?A.recentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyofaproductbeforetheybuyit.Thismeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangethewaytheymakeandselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyaregreenthatisfriendlytotheenvironment.Onlyafewyearsagoitwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarketsbutnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabels标签toshowthattheproductisgreen.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing生产ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.Theconcernforasaferandcleanerenvironmentismakingcompaniesrethinkhowtheydobusiness.NolongerwillthepublicaccepttheoldattitudeofBuyituseitthrowitawayandforgetit.Thepublicpressureisonandgraduallybusinessiscleaningupitsact.64.Itbecomesclearfromthetextthatthedrivingforce动力behindgreenproductsis______A.publiccaringfortheenvironmentB.companiesdesireforbiggersalesC.newwaysofdoingbusinessD.rapidgrowthofsupermarkets65.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BusinessandPeopleB.BusinessGoesGreenC.ShoppingHabitsAreChangingD.SupermarketsandGreenProducts66.Theunderlinedworditinthefourthparagraphrefersto_____A.asellingpointB.thecompanynameC.agreatdemandforhealthfoodsD.themanufacturingofgreenproducts
HaveyoueverdreamedofvisitingaplanetintheMilkWay?Whilethetripsoundsexcitingitwouldtakeyearsandyearstoreachyourdestination.Sointhefuturebedtimeforastronautsmaybemorethanafewhoursofregularshut-eyE.Theywouldhavetosleepforyears.Europeanresearchersarenowconductinghibernationexperiments.Thestudymayhelpthemunderstandwhetherhumanscouldeversleepthroughtheyearsitwouldtakeforaspaceflighttodistantplanets.Iftherewasaneffectivetechnologyitcouldmakedeep-spacetravelarealitysaidMarkAyreoftheEuropeanSpaceAgencylastmonth.Whatseemslikesciencefictionisnotcompletelyunlikely.Researchershavebeenabletousechemicalstoputlivingcellsintoasleep-likestatewheretheydon'tagE.Theyhavenowmovedontosmallnon-hibernatingmammalslikerats.Theresultswillbeoutbytheendof2004.A.majorchallengeisthefactthatcellscanbeverysimplesystemswhereasbodyorgansarefarmorecomplex.It'slikemovingfromasimpleApplecomputertoasupercomputersaidMarcoBiggiogeraahibernationresearcheratItaly'sUniversityofPaviA.Justlikebearsandfrogsthehibernationofhumanbeingswouldcauseaperson'smetabolism新陈代谢tolowersotheywouldneedlessenergy.Medicalresearchhoweverisjusthalfofaspaceflighthibernationsystem.Thereisthechallengeofdesigningasuitableprotectiveshelter.SuchashelterwouldprovidetheproperenvironmentforhibernationsuchasthepropertemperaturE.Itwouldalsohavetomonitor监控lifefunctionsandservethephysiologicalneedsofthehibernator.AccordingtoAyrethesix-personHumanOuterPlanetsExplorationMissiontoJupiter'smoon木星的卫星Callistocouldbeanopportunitytousehumanhibernation.Themissionaimstosendsixhumansonafive-yearflighttoCallistowheretheywillspend30daysin2045.9.Europeanresearchersareconductinghibernationexperimentsto________.A.ensureastronautstogetacompletesleepB.findthesecretofsomecreaturesC.makepreparationsforthejourneytoJupiter’smoonCallistoD.knowifmancansleepforyears10.ThesentenceWhatseemslikesciencefictionisnotcompletelyunlikelymeans______.A.Sciencefictionispeople’simagination.B.SciencefictionisimaginativebutitcanberealizeD.C.ThingsseemimpossiblemaycometruE.D.ThingsdescribedinsciencefictionaresuretobecometruE.11.Thepassageisimpliedbutdoesn’tstatesthat________.A.puttinglivingcellsintoasleep-likestateisfulloffailureB.BiggiogeraisconfidentwiththeexperimentC.human’shibernationneedsnoenergyD.medicalresearchisthekeytospaceflighthibernationsystem12.Bydesigningasuitableprotectiveshelterastronautscan________.A.haveagoodhibernationB.lessenthepressureoftravelinginspaceC.feedthemselvesinspaceshipD.moinitortheirbodychanges13.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SixhumanstoflytoCallistoB.HumanhibernationimproveshealthC.SpacetravelattractspeopleD.Deepsleepfordeepspacetravel
Atonetimecomputerswereexpectedlargelytoremovetheneedforpapercopiesofdocuments文件becausetheycouldbestoredelectronically.Butforallthetextsthatarewrittenstoredandsentelectronicallyalotofthemarestillendinguponpaper.ItisdifficulttomeasurethequantityofpaperusedasaresultofuseofInternetconnectedcomputersalthoughjustaboutanyonewhoworksinanofficecantellyouthatwhene-mailisintroducedtheprintersstartworkingovertimE.IfeelinmybonesthisrevolutioniscausingmoretreestobecutdownsaysTedSmithoftheEarthVillageOrganisation.PerhapsthebestsignofhowcomputerandInternetusepushesupdemandforpapercomesfromthehightechindustryitselfwhichseesprintingasoneofitsmostpromisingnewmarkets.SeveralInternetcompanieshavebeensetuptohelpsmallbusinessesprintqualitydocumentsfromacomputer.EarlierthisweekHewlettPackardCo.announcedaplantodevelopnewtechnologiesthatwillenablepeopletoprintevenmoresotheycangetahardcopyofabusinessdocumentamedicalrecordorjustaonelineemaileveniftheyarenowherenearacomputer.AsthecompanyseesitthemoreuseoftheInternetthegreaterdemandforprinters.Doesallthismeanenvironmentalconcerns环境问题havebeenforgotten?Someactivistssuggestpeoplehavebeenledtobelievethatalotofdangerstotheenvironmenthavegoneaway.Iguesspeoplebelievethattheproblemistakencareofbecauseofrecycling回收利用saidKellyQuirkedirectoroftheRainforestActionNetworkinSanFrancisco.YetQuirkeishopefulthathightechmayalsoprovehelpful.Hesaysprintersthatprintonbothsidesaregrowinginpopularity.TheactiongrouphasalsofoundacceptablepapermadefrommaterialsotherthanwoodsuchasagriculturalwastE.1.Thegrowingdemandforpaperinrecentyearsislargelydueto_______.A.therapiddevelopmentofsmallbusinessesB.theopeningupofnewmarketsC.theprintingofhighqualitycopiesD.theincreaseduseoftheInternet2.Environmentalistsbelieveonepossiblewayofdealingwiththepapersituationis________.A.toencourageprintingmorequalitydocumentsB.todevelopnewprintersusingrecycledpaperC.tofindnewmaterialsformakingpaperD.toplantmorefastgrowingtrees3.HewlettPackardCo.hasdecidedtodevelopnewtechnologiesbecause________.A.peopleareconcernedabouttheenvironmentB.printersinmanyofficesareworkingovertimeC.smallcompaniesneedmorehardcopiesD.theyseeagrowingmarketforprinters4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ComputersandPrintersB.E-mailandtheBusinessWorldC.InternetRevolutionandEnvironmentD.ModernTechnologyandNewMarkets
SincethegenecalledDAF-16inwormswasfoundinmanyanimalsandinhumansthefindingcouldopenupnewwaystoaffectagingimmunity免疫andresistanceinhumansthescientistssaiD.WewantedtofindouthownormalagingisbeinggovernedbygenesandwhateffectthesegeneshaveonothertraitssuchasimmunitysaidRobinMayoftheUniversityofBirminghamwholedthestudy.Populationsacrosstheworldareagingatasurprisingpacebringingpotentiallybigchallengesforhealthandsocialcaresystems.A.studybyDanishscientistslastyearfoundthathalfofbabiesbornintherichworldtodaywilllivetocelebratetheir100thbirthdays.ScientistsareeagertofindouthowpeopleagetotrytodevelopdrugstohelpthemstayhealthierastheirlivesextenD.WhatwehavefoundisthatthingslikeresistanceandagingtendtogohandinhandMaysaidinaninterview.May’steamcomparedlongevitystressresistanceandimmunityinfourrelatedspeciesofworm.TheyalsolookedfordifferencesintheactivityofDAF-16ineachofthefourspeciesandfoundthattheywereallquitedistinct.MaysaidDAF-16wasactiveinmostcellsinthebodyandwasverysimilartoagroupofhumangenescalledFOXOgeneswhichscientistsbelieveplayaroleintheagingprocess.Thefactthatsubtle微妙的differencesinDAF-16betweenspeciesseemtohavesuchanimpactonagingandhealthisveryinterestingandmayexplainhowdifferencesinlifespanandrelatedtraitshavearisenduringevolutionMaysaiD.64.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper?A.Education.B.SciencE.C.Entertainment.D.CulturE.65.Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A.Newwayshavebeenfoundtoaffectaging.B.Babiesintherichworldwillalllivelonger.C.PresentsocialcaresystemsarepoorlymanageD.D.Agingpopulationsarecausingmorechallenges.66.FromthetextweknowthatDAF-16._________A.isagenethatisonlyfoundinwormsB.canmakepeoplelivelongerC.hasaneffectonagingandimmunityD.hasbeenquitefamiliartoscientists67.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScientistsFindGeneLinkedtoAgingB.PopulationAgingFasterthanExpectedC.HowtoMakePeopleLiveLongerD.GeneDeterminesHowLongWeLive
DAlthoughwomenleadhealthierlongerlivesthecruelperceptionthattheyreachtheirsell-bydateandbecomeoldsoonerthanmeniswidespreadintheworkplaceresearchshows.A.surveyofmorethan2600managersandpersonnelprofessionalsshowedthatagediscriminationisnotonlycommonintheworkplacebutisfullofinconsistencies矛盾.Sixintenmanagersthoughtthattheyhadsufferedfromagediscrimination——usuallybecausetheywereturneddownforajobforbeingtoooldortooyoung.Yetmorethanafifthadmittedthattheyusedageasaconditionwhentheyemploynewworkers.Althoughthesurveyfoundwidespreadagreementthatolderworkerswerebetterthanyoungercolleagueswhenitcametoreliabilitycommitmentloyaltyandcustomerservicethesequalitieswerenotnecessarilyconsideredtobeworthyofadvancement.Morethanhalfofrespondentsbelievedthatworkersbetween30and39werethemostlikelytobeadvancedintheircompanywithonly2percentciting引证50-year-oldsorabovE.DianahWormanoftheCharteredInstituteofPersonnelandDevelopmentsaidthattherewasanecdotalevidencethatpeoplewereconsideredoldatdifferentagesindifferentsectors.WeheardofonemanworkinginITwhosaidhewasconsideredtoooldbytheageof28shesaiD.TherewasnoevidencetosuggestthatolderworkerswerelessvaluabletocompaniesthanyoungerworkersinfacttheoppositewasoftentruebecauseolderworkersoftenbroughtexperiencE.sheaddeD.ThefindingsalsosuggestedthattheGovernment’sideasonageintheworkforcemayalsobeoutofstepwithreality.68.Thetextismainlyabout______.A.thegovernment’sideaonageinworkforceB.agediscriminationintheworkforceC.thepeoplewhofindworkD.thediscussionaboutwhoisworthpromoting69.Theunderlinedwordsell-bydateinparagraph1probablyrefersto______.A.theagewhentheyretireB.theagewhentheyshouldbepromotedC.thedateonwhichthey’resoldD.thedatewhentheysellgoods70.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthetextisto______.A.tellthegovernmenttoemployolderworkersB.criticizemanagerswhotreatworkersunfairlyC.reportthefindingsofasurveyD.showheobjectstoagediscrimination
Animportantfactorthatplaysapartinsusceptibility易受影响tocoldsisagE.AstudydonebytheUniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealthindicatedthefactthatseemstoholdtrueforthegeneralpopulation.Babiesarethegroupsufferingmostfromcoldsaveragingmorethansixcoldsintheirfirstyears.BoyshavemorecoldsthangirlsuptoagethreE.Aftertheageofthreegirlsaremoresusceptiblethanboysandteenagegirlsaveragethreecoldsayeartoboy'stwo.Thegeneralfrequencyofcoldscontinuestodeclineintoadults.Elderlypeoplewhoareingoodhealthhaveasfewasoneortwocoldsannually.Oneexceptionisfoundamongpeopleintheirtwentiesespeciallywomenwhoshowariseincoldinfections感染becausepeopletothisagegrouparemostlikelytohaveyoungchildren.Adultswhodelayhavingchildrenuntiltheirthirtiesandfortiesexperiencethesamesuddenincreaseincoldinfections.Thestudyalsofoundthateconomics经济状况playsanimportantrolE.Asincomeincreasesthefrequencyatwhichcoldsarereportedinthefamilydecreases.FamilieswiththelowestincomesufferaboutathirdmorecoldsthanfamiliesattheupperenD.Lowerincomegenerallyforcespeopletoliveincloserquartersthanthosetypicallyoccupiedbywealthierpeopleandcrowdingincreasestheopportunitiesforthecoldvirustotravelfrompersontoperson.Lowincomemayalsoinfluencediet.Thedegreetowhichpoornutritionaffectssusceptibilitytocoldsisnotyetclearlyprovedbutaninadequatedietissuspectedofloweringresistancegenerally.68.Whatfactorscausepeopletocatchcoldseasily?A.Ageandpregnancy.B.Healthandpregnancy.C.Healthandeconomics.D.Ageandeconomics.www.k*s￥5&u.com69.Whydoesthelowestincomeleadtotherapidspreadofcolds?A.Becausepoorpeoplecan'taffordtogotoseeadoctor.B.BecausebalanceddiethasdefinitelyaffectedpoorpeoplE.C.BecausepeoplewiththelowestincomehavelimitedlivingspacE.D.Becausecoldvirusdon'thaveopportunitiestotravelinpoorfamilies.70.Howdoesthestudyprovethatageplaysapartinsusceptibilitytocolds?A.Usingcomparison.B.Usinggraphs.C.Usingdescription.D.Usingargument.71.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Familieswiththelowestincomesufferlesscoldsthanrichfamilies.B.Thegeneralfrequencyofcoldsarelikelytoincreaseamongthepoor.C.Womenintheirtwentiesaremostlikelytoavoidcoldinfections.D.Thegeneralfrequencyofcoldscontinuetoriseintotheadults.
Justfiveone-hundredthsofaninchthickandlightgoldenincolortheLay'spotatochipseemsanunlikelyweaponforglobalcontrol.ButitsmakerFrito-Laydoesn'tthinkso.PotatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworldsaidSalmanAminthecompany'sheadofglobalmarketing.AminbelievesthereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresisttheattractionsofaFrito-Laypotatochip.Frito-LayisthebiggestsnackmakerinAmericaownedbyPepsicoandaccountsforoverhalfoftheparentcompany's$3billionprofitseveryyear.ButtheU.S.snackfoodmarketislargelysaturated饱和andtogrowthecompanyhastolookoverseas.Itsstrategyrestsontwobeliefs:firstaglobalproductofferseconomiesofscale规模withwhichlocalbrandscannotcompetE.Andsecondconsumersinthe21stcenturyaredrawntoglobalasaconcept.GlobaldoesnotmeanproductsthatareconsciouslyregardedasAmericanbutonesthatconsumers--especiallyyoungpeople--seeaspartofamoderninnovative创新的worldinwhichpeoplearelinkedacrossculturesbysharedbeliefsandtastes.PotatochipsareanAmericaninventionbutmostChineseforexampledonotknowthatFrito-LayisanAmericancompany.InsteadRiskeythecompany'sresearchanddevelopmentheadwouldhopetheyassociatethebrandwiththenewworldofglobalcommunicationsandbusiness.WithbrandconceptakeyfactorRiskeyorderedaredesignoftheFrito-Laylogo标识.Thelogoalongwiththecompany'slong-heldmarketingimageofitschipswouldhelpmakethecompany'sglobaldevelopmentveryeasy.ThemanagersadmitthattheytrytochangenationaleatinghabitstoafoodcreatedinAmericabuttheydon'tthinkthatmeanseconomicimperialism霸主.We'remakingproductsinthosecountrieswe'readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountriesbuildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglivessaidSteveReinemundPepsico'schiefmanager.Amin'sbeliefisthat_________.A.peopleallovertheworldenjoyeatingtheirpotatochipsB.thelightgoldencolorincreasestheattractionoftheirpotatochipsC.theymustfindnewwaystopromotesalesintheircountryD.potatochipscanhardlycontroltheworldmarketWhatdowelearnaboutFrito-LayfromParagraph2?A.Itgiveshalfofitsprofitstoitsparentcompanyeveryyear.B.Itneedstoturntotheworldmarketfordevelopment.C.Itsproductsusedtobepopularamongoverseasconsumers.D.Itsdevelopmenthascausedfiercecompetitioninthesnackmarket.OneoftheconceptsonwhichFrito-Laybasesitsdevelopmentstrategyisthat__________.A.consumersworldwidetodayareattractedbyglobalbrandsB.productssuitingChineseconsumers'needsbringmoreprofitsC.localbrandscannotcompetesuccessfullywithAmericanbrandsD.productsidentifiedasAmericanwillhavepromisingmarketvalueWhydidRiskeyhavetheFrito-Laylogoredesigned?A.Tosuitchangingtastesofyoungconsumers.B.TocompetewithotherAmericanchipproducers.C.Tochangethecompany'slong-heldmarketingimagE.D.Topromotethecompany'sstrategyofglobalization.
Scientistssaytheynowhaveprooftosupporttheold-fashionedadvicethatit’sbesttosleeponaproblem.Theysaysleepstrengthensthememoryandhelpsthebrainorganizethemassesofinformationwereceiveeachday.TheleadresearcherBobStickgoldattheHarvardMedicalSchoolsaidSleephelpsusdrawrulesfromourexperiences.It’slikeknowingthedifferencebetweendogsandcatsevenifit’shardtoexplain.TheUSresearchteamstudiedhowwellstudentsrememberedconnectionsbetweenwordsandsymbolsreportsNewScientist.Theycomparedhowthestudentsperformediftheyhadhadasleepbetweenseeingthewordsandhavingthetestandiftheyhadnotslept.Theyfoundthatpeoplewerebetterabletorememberlistsofrelatedwordsafteranight’ssleepthanafterthesametimespentawakeduringtheday.Theyalsofounditeasiertorememberthemesthatthewordshadincommon.ButtheyforgotaroundoneinfourmorethemesiftheyhadbeenawakE.Prof.JohnGroegerofSurveyUniversity’sSleepResearchCentresaidPeoplehavebeentryingforyearstofindoutwhatthepurposeofsleepisasweknowthatonlycertainpartsofithavearestorative促使康复的valuE.Weformandstorehugenumbersofexperiencesintheheadeverydayandsleepseemstobethewaythebraindealswiththemall.ThephrasetosleeponaprobleminParagraph1mostlikelymeans________.A.topayfullattentiontoaproblemB.towaituntilthenextdayforadecisionC.tosleeptoforgetaproblemD.tohavedifficultyinsleepingInthestudybytheUSresearchteamstudentswereaskedto________.A.puttogetherwordsofsimilarmeaningsB.rememberwordsandtheirmeaningsC.showtheirknowledgeofwordsD.makeuplistsofrelatedwordsWhichofthefollowingmaybeeasiertoremember?A.Themeslearnedrightbeforethetest.B.Rulesfrompersonalexperiences.C.Wordslearnedbeforeagoodsleep.D.Ideasstoredtogetherinthebrain.Whatmaybetheimportanceoftheresearch?A.Itshowsthatsleepmayhelpusmanageinformation.B.Ithelpsfindoutthecommonthemesofwords.C.Ittellsusthatmoresleepcanimprovehealth.D.Itprovesthevalueofold-fashionedadvicE.
Yoga瑜伽isanancientpracticethathelpscreateasenseofunioninbodymindandspirit.ItbringsusbalancE.Afteralongtimeofpracticeyogayounolongerjustpracticeit—youloveit.YogabecomespartofyourphysicallifE.Yourbodygrowsstrongermoretoned有弹性的andmoreflexibleasyoumovefromoneposetoanother.IspentaweekinMexicoatayogaretreatanditwasthefirstvacationonwhichIlostweight.RatherthanbuildingmusclesyogabuildsmuscletonesaysShaktaKaurKhalsaauthorofKISSGuidetoYogA.Becauseyogahelpsmaintainabalancedmetabolism新陈代谢anditalsohelpstocontrolweight.Additionallyyogastretchesmuscleslengthwisecausingfataroundthecellsdisappearthuslosingweight.Idoyogaposesthroughouttheday.AfterhoursatmycomputerIstretchmystiffshouldersandarms.WhenIneedanincreaseinenergyIdoenergizingposes.WhenIamfeelingexhaustedattheendofthedayIdorestorative恢复体力的poses.YogabecomespartofyourmentallifE.Yogateachesyoutofocusonbreathingwhileyouholdtheposes.Thisattentiontobreathiscalming;itdissolves使消除stressandanxiety.Iuseyogicbreathingonthetenniscourtinthedentist’schairandwhenI’mstuckintraffiC.YoushouldalwaysleaveayogapracticefeelingenergizedbutnottireD.Ifyoufeeltiredafteryogaitmeansyouspentthetimefightingyourselftryingtoforceyourselfintoposes.Inyogayousurrendertotheposesbylettinggoofthetension.64.Whatwillbetalkedaboutifthispassagecontinues?A.YogaisbecomingpartofyourspirituallifE.B.YogaisbecomingpopularallovertheworlD.C.ThedisadvantagesofyogA.D.EncouragingpeopletodoyogA.65.Accordingtothesecondparagraphyogacanhelppeople___.A.growtallB.loseweightC.beflexibleinthinkingD.makefriends66.Whydoesapersonfeeltiredafteryoga?A.Becausewhenpracticingyogapeoplewillconsumealotofenergy.B.Becauseheorshesurrenderstotheposesbylettinggoofthetension.C.Becauseyogadoesn’tbenefitallthepeoplE.D.Becauseheorshedoesn’tdoyogaposesnaturally.67.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.What’syoga?B.HowdoIdoyogaposes?C.ThebenefitsofyogA.C.ThevarietiesofyogA.
第二部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分AToooftenweaccuseothersofnotlisteningpretendingthatweourselvesarefaultlessyetinourheartsweknowthatmanyofthemistakeswemakecomeaboutbecausewehaven’tlistenedcarefullyenough.Wegetthingswrongbecausewehaven’tlistenedcarefullyenough.Wegetthingswrongbecausewehaven’tquiteunderstoodwhatsomeonemeantwhentheyweretalkingtous.Anyonewhohasevertakentheminutesofalongmeetingwillknowhowharditistoremember--despitethebenefitofnotes--exactlywhateveryonesaiD.Butsuccessdependsongettingthingsright--andthatmeanslistening.Listeningisnotthesamethingashearing;itisnotaneffortactively.Itdemandsattentionandconcentration.Itmaymeanquizzingthespeakerforadditionalinformationorforclarification------itisalwaysbettertoaskthantocontinueregardlessandgetthingswrong.Howeverifyouallowyourmindtowanderontosomethingelseevenforafewminutesyou’llmisswhatthespeakerissaying------probablyattheverymomentwhenheorsheissayingsomethingcritical.Andnothavingheardyouwon’tknowyou’vemissedanythinguntilit’stoolatE.ThemostcommonbadhabitwehaveistostartthinkingofwhatwearegoingtosayaboutthesubjectlongbeforetheotherspeakerhasfinisheD.Wethenstoplistening.Evenworsethisoftenaddsrudenesstoinattentivenessasonceyouhavedecidedwhattosaythereisafairchanceyouwillinterrupttosayit.Goodlistenersdon’tinterrupt.Infactitisoftenworthexplainingthemainideaofwhatyouhavejustbeentoldbeforegoingontomakeyourownpoints.Nobodyisoffendedbythisanditshowsthatyouhavelistenedwell.Aboveallbepatientandacceptthatmanypeoplearenotverygoodcommunicators.It’shelpfultorememberthatthewayspeoplemoveandpositionthemselveswhiletheyarespeakingcanrevealagreatdealaboutwhattheyaresaying.Equallyimportantyoushouldputyourselfintheotherperson’splacebothintellectuallyandemotionally;itwillhelpyoutounderstandwhattheyaregettingatandformaresponsE.Butdon’tbetooclever.Facedwithaknow-allmanypeoplekeepquietbecausetheyseenopointincontinuing.56.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Don’tbetoocleverB.Beagoodlistener.C.Don’tmissanythingcriticalD.Thinkofthespeaker57.Inthelastparagraphwhattheyaregettingatmeans________.A.whattheyimplyB.whattheylikeC.whattheyattackD.whattheyachieve58.Whatisthewriter’sopinion?A.Ifyouwanttobeagoodlisteneryoushouldbeverycleverandemotional.B.Speakerswon’tcontinuetalkingwhentheirlistenersexplainwhatthey’vehearD.C.Ifyoudon’twanttogetthingswrongit’simportanttobeagoodlistenerD.It’shardtobeagoodlistenerbecauselisteningtestsyouonyourintelligencE.59.Whatisthelessonwecanlearnfromthispassage?A.Don’taccuseothersofnotlisteningwhiletalkingwiththem.B.Don’tgetanythingwrongifyoumisswhatthespeakerissaying.C.Listeninginattentivelymaycostyouthelossofyoursuccess.D.Thinkcarefullyofwhatyou’regoingtosaybeforethespeakerfinishes.
第三部分阅读理解共15小题每小题2分满分30分请认真阅读下列短文从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑BeverageServiceWeserveavarietyofsoftdrinkscoffeeteaandfreeofchargE.HoweverasflyinghasadehydratingeffectwaterandnonalcoholicbeveragesarerecommendeD.ElectronicEquipmentCellularphonesFM/AMradiosportabletelevisionsetsandelectronictoyswithremotecontrolsmustnotbeusedinthecabinastheirsignalsmayinterferewiththeaircraftsnavigationalinstruments.LaptopcomputersandCDMDMP3playersmaybeusedduringcruisingportionsoftheflightbutnotduringthetakeoffandlanding.InflightEntertainmentA.wideselectionofinternationalpublicationsareavailableforyourreadingpleasurE.YoumaykeepthisfreecopyofMorningCalmmagazinebutkindlyreturnallotherreadingmaterialsafteryouhavefinishedwiththemforthebenefitoffellowpassengers.A.selectionofmusicisavailableoneightchannelsfromchannel3to10.Thechannelchangerisonyourarmrest.Wealsoofferaselectionofpopularfilms;youmaylisteninEnglishonchannel2.Padukgoandchessareavailableonrequestandwehavefreepostcardsandstationery.MedicalNeedsWekeepaselectionofnonprescriptionmedicineforanypassengersufferingfrommildsicknesses.Anemergencymedicalkitisalsoavailableformoreseriousillnesses.TravellingwithInfantsandChildrenBabybassinetsareprovidedonafirstcomefirstservebasisandshouldberequestedatthetimeofbooking.Specialmealsforchildrenandinfantscanbeservediftherequestismade24hoursbeforedeparturE.Selectedgiveawaysforchildrenaged2to12areavailableonallinternationalflights.1.Theservicesaboveareprobablyofferedby___________.A.atravelingagentB.amedicalcenterC.anairlineD.afive-starhotel2.Ifyouturnonchannel5onyourarmrestwhatwillyouenjoy?A.Internationalnews.B.Free-of-chargedrinks.C.Fashionmagazines.D.PopularmusiC.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.YoushouldreturnallthereadingmaterialsforotherpassengerstoreaD.B.BabiescanhavespecialfoodifitisorderedadayearlierbeforedeparturE.C.Alcoholicbeveragesarenotservedbecausepassengersmaygetdrunk.D.AllthechildrencangetsomegiftswhentheytakeaninternationalairlinE.
EAstronauts’mealshavecomealongwayfromthefree-driedpowdersandsemi-liquidpastesofdecadesagonowUSscientistswanttogrowvegetablesinmini-greenhousesonthemoon.ScientistssaytheyarelookingforwardtoatimewhenresidentsoffuturelunarorevenMartianoutstepswillbeabletodineonfreshvegetables.ParagonSpaceDevelopmentCorporationhasunveiledwhatitcalledthefirststeptowardgrowingflowers—andeventuallyfood-ohthemoon.Thisisasealedgreenhousethatlookslikeabelljarencasedina46-cmtriangularaluminumframE.Itisdesignedtosafelylandalaboratoryplantonthelunarsurfaceandprotectitwhileitgrows.TheminiaturegreenhouseistobelaunchedintospacebyOdysseyMoonLtdaparticipantintheGoogleLunarXPrizE.Thiscompetitionoffers$20milliontoanyentrantwhocanlaunchhandandoperatearoveronthelunarsurfacE.ParagonofficialssayfuturetestingoftheLunarOasiswillbedrivenbyOdyssey’sflightschedulewhichwillnothappenuntil2012attheearliest.WhenitdoesliftoffthegreenhousewillcontaintheseedsofBrassicaahardyplantrelatedtoBrusselssproutsandcabbagE.BecauseBrassicagoesfromseedtoflowerinjust14daysitcancompleteitslifecycleinsinglelunarnight.ColoizingtheMoonorMarsseemssofarawaybutitisimportantthatwedothisresearchnowParagonpresidentJanePoyntersaiD.IttakesalongtimetogetalotofresearchandtogetintegratedreliableefficientsystemsbeforecolonistsmoveinshesaiD.57.Thearticleiswrittenmainlyto________.A.predicttheastronauts’mealsinthefutureB.introduceanexperimentLunarOasisC.tellusthefuturedevelopmentofastronomyD.focusonthehuman’sgreatprogress58.Thearticleimpliesthat_________.A.astronautscangrowflowersinspaceatpresentB.ParagonandNASAwillcarryoutthetestseparatelyC.LunarOasisisaseriesofexperimentscarriedoutinspaceD.theearliesttestingoftheLunarOasismaybein201259.Theunderlinedwordcolonistsinthelastparagraphprobablyhasthemeaningof________.A.plantsB.wildbeastsC.humanbeingsD.scientists60.TheseesofBrassicawillbecontainedinthegreenhousemainlybecause__________A.theirlifecycleismuchshorterB.theyaremorenutritiousthanotherfoodC.theyarerelatedtoBrusselssporoutsandcabbageD.theyareverydelicious
WeoftenthinkoffuturE.Weoftenwonderwhattheworldwouldbelikeinahundredyears'timE.Thinkofspaceperhapsapermanent永久的stationonthemoonwillhavebeensetup.Perhapspeoplewillbeabletovisitthemoonastourists.Cheaprocketsforspacetravelwillhavebeendevelopedpermittinglongjourneysthroughoutthesolarsystem太阳系.Whenthattimecomespeoplewillbetakingholidaysinspaceandvisitingotherplanets.Greatprogresswillhavebeendiscoveredforthemostterribleofalldiseases—cancer.PollutionisaproblemwemustsolvE.Inahundredyears'timeitwillhavebeencontrolleD.Alltheworldwillhavebeendeveloped—evenAntarcticA.TherewillbelargecitiesinAntarcticA.Wealreadyhavesupersonic超音速的flightbutinahundredyears'timewewillhavesupersoniclandtravelaswell.Wewillhaveusedupmostofearth'slandtobuildourcitiessofloatingcitieswillhavebeenbuilt.TheJapanesealreadyhaveplansforcitiesofthiskinD.AndtherewillbecitiesundertheseA.ThefirstofthesewillhavebeencompleteD.39.Wewillhavedeveloped__________inahundredyears'timepermittinglongjourneysalloverthesolarsystem.A.cheaprocketsforspacetravelB.aplaneforspacetravelC.apermanentspaceshipD.asatellitefortourists40.Thelastparagraphmainlytalksabout_____________.A.newwaysofbuildingcitiesB.thebuildingofcitiesundertheseaC.thebuildingoffloatingcitiesinJapanD.thedangerwhichearth'slandwillface41.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______________.A.TravelintheFutureB.FutureLifeC.WheretoLiveintheFutureD.SpaceTravel
ThegreatAlaskanexplorerJohnMuironcewrotethattohavedinnerwithaglacier冰川onasunnydayisanexcellentthing.ItisbettertosleepbesideoneonanAntarcticislandwithjustasleepifigbagforwarmthandtheskyasyourtent.Ourcamp-outwasinearlyJanuaryofthisyearonDancoIslandalongtheAntarcticPeninsulA.Midwaythrougha10-dayAntarcticjourneyconditionswerenearperfect.WestartedourvoyagefromtheAkademikIoffeinZodiacslandingonthewidebeachwithitsfist-sizedrocks.AttheheightoftheAntarcticsummertheshorewasclearofsnowwithplentyofroomforthe40adventurerstospendthenight.DancoIslandwaschartedin1898bytheBelgianexplorerAdriendeGerlachewhowasthefirsttoprovethatyoucouldoverwinterinAntarcticaandsurvivE.DeGerlachepavedthewayforLt.RobertScott'sfirstexpeditionin1901.DeGerlachemappedthearchipelago群岛.HelaternamedtheislandafterhisteammembermileDancoageophysicistwhodiedthatwinter.Foroneyearinthemid-1950sDancowasknownasBaseObytheBritishwhokeptascientificresearchstationtherealthoughallthat.remainsofitisafoundationandapileofcoal.OurexpeditionwasorganizedbyAustraliantouroperatorPeregrineAdventures.Theweatherwasextraordinary--sunnywithdaytimetemperaturesofabout1't2.Thecampingwaseasyandaccessibletoallages.SleepingunderthestarsinAntarcticainjustasleepingbagisprettyamazing.1.WhomdidAdriendeGerlachehaveadirecteffecton?A.JohnMuir.B.Lt.RobertScott.C.Thetourists.D.Theauthor.2.WhatwasDancoIslandnamedafter?A.A.placE.B.A.glacier.C.A.person.D.Anocean.3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.oldpeoplecan'tgo'campinginAntarcticaB.theauthorwenttotheAntarcticainwinterC.JohnMuirmighthavevisitedanAntarcticislandD.Lt.RobertScottbuiltastationintheAntarctic4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DancoIslandB.AnexpeditiontoAntarcticaC.ExplorersofAntarcticaD.SleepunderthestarsinAntarctica
Scientistssaytheyhavediscoveredapromisingtreatmentforsleepingsicknessakillerdiseasethatinfects感染about60000peopleinAfricaayear.BritishandCanadianexpertssaydrugscouldattacktheparasite寄生虫causingtheillnessneedstosurvivE.Theysaythedrugcouldbereadyforhumanmedicaltestinabout18months.Thediseasespreadbythebiteofaflyiscausedbyaparasiteattackingthecentralnervoussystem.Ithassimilarsymptoms症状tomalaria疟疾makingitdifficulttodiagnosE.LeftuntreateditmovestothebrainresultinginmentalconfusionandfinaldeathThebreakthroughcameattheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandwherescientistswereofferedmoneytoresearchdiseasesignoredbymajordrugscompanies.ProfessorPaulWyattdirectoroftheprogrammesaid:Thisisoneofthemostsignificantfindingsmadeinrecentyearsintermsofdrugdiscoveryanddevelopmentforignoreddiseases.HesaidtheresearchpublishedinthejournalNaturerepresentedsignificantprogressinthedevelopmentofafullblowndrugagainstthediseasE.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaidtherearebetween50000and70000casesofthediseaseayearwithafurther60millionpeopleatriskofinfection.TheresearchinDundeewasbackedbypartnersattheUniversityofYorkinEnglandandtheStructuralGenomicsConsortiuminTorontoCanadA.Thetwodrugscurrentlyavailabletotreatsleepingsicknessbothhaveproblems.Oneiswithsideeffectsthatkillonein20patientsandtheotheriscostlyonlypartiallyeffectiveandrequireslong-timehospitaltreatmentthescientistssaiD.57.Thewordbackedinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_____.A.conductedB.supportedC.believedD.managed58.WhattheWorldHealthOrganizationsaidsuggestedthat______.A.about60000peoplediedofthediseaseeachyearB.about60000peoplewerecuredofthediseaseeachyearC.600millionpeoplearelikelytogetinfectedD.thediseaseisspreadingfastinAfrica59.Wecanreadthispassage______.A.inthejournalNatureB.inanewspaperoftheUniversityofDundeeC.inabookaboutfliesD.inanewspaperaboutmedicine60.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.bigdrugcompaniesplayanimportantroleintheresearchofthenewdrugB.peoplewhogetinfectedwiththediseasearementallydisturbedC.among200peopleinfectedwiththedisease5maydiebecauseoftheolddrugD.ProfessorPaulWyattmaybeaprofessorattheUniversityofYork
III.阅读理解共10题满分20分每小题2分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AGenerationsofchildrenwhosatthroughendlesslessonsofchalkandtalkinfrontofabossyteachercouldtakesomerelief.Butthechalkandtalkmethodhelpedthemachievebetterexamresults.Modernclassroomtechniquesmaymakeschooldaysagreatdealhappierbutcontentment满意isnottheroadtosuccessinexaminationsaccordingtouniversityresearchers.Theirthree-yearstudymonitoringtheprogressof2000teenagerstriedtomeasuretheinfluenceoftheboredomfactorin17selectedschoolsinthenorthofEnglanD.Theresearchersalsofoundthattheold-fashionedapproachofteachersorderingpupilsaboutisstillaliveandproducingresults.Theirconclusionswerewelcomedyesterdaybyeducationistswhowereworriedbytheshifttolessformallessons.Thepupilsinthelateststudywereaskedtoawardteachersmarkstomeasurehowfrequentlytheyfollowedorignoredtoday'sfashionforchild-centrededucation.A.five-pointscalewasgiventospottheteacherswhoalwaystoldthemwhattheyshouldknowandwhattowritedown.Itwassignificantandnotsomethingyouwouldgetbychanceoraccident.Certainlywhenyoucomparethepupil'sinterestandattitudetoschoolthereisaquitedefiniteandhighlysignificantdifferenceoneoftheresearcherssaiD.Buttherankingswereturnedupsidedownwhentheteamoffourresearcherslookedathowthechildrendidinexaminations.Thesortofmethodsnowfrownedupon不认同actuallyimprovethefinalgrades.TheresearcherssaidThereisnothingwrongwithold-fashioneddidactic说教式的teachingintherightplaceevenifitisn'ttheflavoratthemoment.Howeverheinsistedthebestteachershadalwaysmixedthetwotechniquestomatchtheneedsofpupilsalthoughcertainexaminationsforcedsometoconcentratemoreondictationandlearningbyrote死记硬背.71.WecaninferfromParagraph3that______.A.child-centrededucationpromotesfriendshipamongchildrenB.theresearchfindingsarenotsignificantenoughforaconclusionC.thosewhoshowgreaterinterestinschooldidbetterinexamsD.thosewhodon'tshowmuchinterestinschoolmayturnouttoscorehigherintests72.Theresearcherssuggestthat______.A.moreoldmethodsbeusedinteachingB.studentsbetaughthowtoscorehighinexamsC.dictationbeusedasoneofthebestteachingmethodsD.oldandnewmethodsbeusedtogether73.Thebesttitleforthistextwouldbe______.A.TheExamination-basedTeachingB.RoteLearningWastheWinnerC.TheProblemofChild-centredEducationD.TheProblemoftheTraditionalMethod
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