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简述幼儿园目标制定的依据及应注意的问题。
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以下关于幼儿园美术教育不正确的论述是
帮助幼儿学习、掌握一定的美术知识和技能是幼儿园美术教育的终极目标
幼儿美术是幼儿个性的表现
帮助幼儿发现自我、表现自我是幼儿园美术教育的重要目标
幼儿美术学科本身的特点是幼儿园美术教育目标制定的重要依据
简述确立幼儿园健康教育活动目标应注意的问题
试论述制定幼儿园教育目标的依据
试举例论述幼儿园课程目标制定的基本依据是什么
简述幼儿园室内活动区创设中应注意的问题
简述幼儿园教育目标制定的依据及应注意的问题
幼儿园教育目标制定的依据是教育目的和
社会需要
儿童身心发展的特点和需要
幼儿园教育任务
幼儿教育的性质
简述幼儿园语言教育目标制定的依据
简述幼儿园健康教育应注意的问题
简述制定幼儿园教育目标应注意的问题
幼儿园保教目标制定的依据是什么?
制定幼儿园具体教育目标时应注意的问题有哪些
以下关于幼儿园美术教育不正确的论述是
帮助幼儿学习、掌握一定的美术知识和技能是幼儿园美术教育的终极目标
幼儿美术是幼儿个性的表现
帮助幼儿发现自我、表现自我是幼儿园美术教育的重要目标
幼儿美术学科本身的特点是幼儿园美术教育目标制定的重要依据
以下关于幼儿园美术教育的论述不正确的是
帮助幼儿学习、掌握一定的美术知识和技能是幼儿园美术教育的终极目标
幼儿美术是幼儿个性的表现
帮助幼儿发现自我、表现自我是幼儿园美术教育的重要目标
幼儿美术学科本身的特点是幼儿园美术教育目标制定的重要依据
幼儿园保育和教育目标制定的依据是什么
简述幼儿园课程目标价值性遴选的依据
制定幼儿园教育目标的依据是和
简述幼儿园与家庭合作需要注意的问题
制定幼儿园教育目标的依据是国家的教育目的和
简述幼儿园教育评价应注意的问题
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Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover56. theworldmenandwomanboysandgirlsenjoysports.Since57. longagomanyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether58. tospendhoursevendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople59. liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords60. theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare61. playinggamestheymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities62. fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.63. Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican64. bigcitiesthousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.65.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
E ThemostfrighteningwordsintheEnglishlanguageareOurcomputerisdown.Youhearitmoreandmorewhenyouareonbusiness.TheotherdayIwasattheairportwaitingforatickettoWashingtonandthegirlintheticketofficesaidI’msorryIcan’tsellyouaticket.Ourcomputerisdown. Ifyourcomputerisdownjustwritemeoutaticket. Ican’twriteyououtaticket.Thecomputeristheonlyoneallowedtodoso. Ilookeddownonthecomputerandeverypassengerwasjuststandingtheredrinkingcoffeeandstaringattheblackscreen.ThenIaskedherWhatdoallyoupeopledo Wegivethecomputertheinformationaboutyourtripandthenittellsuswhetheryoucanflywithusornot. Sowhenitgoesdownyougodownwithit. That’sgoodsir. HowlongwillthecomputerbedownIwantedtoknow. Ihavenoidea.Sometimesit’sdownfor10minutessometimesfortwohours.There’snowaywecanfindoutwithoutaskingthecomputerandsinceit’sdownitwon’tanswerus. AfterthegirltoldmetheyhadnobackupcomputerIsaid.Let’sforgetthecomputer.WhataboutyourplanesThey’restillflyingaren’tthey Icouldn’ttellwithoutaskingthecomputer. MaybeIcouldjustgotothegateandaskthepilotifhe’sflyingtoWashingtonIsuggested. Iwouldn’tknowwhatgatetosendyouto.EvenifthepilotwasgoingtoWashingtonhecouldn’ttakeyouifyoudidn’thaveaticket. IsthereanyotherairlineflyingtoWashingtonwithinthenextfewhours Iwouldn’tknowshesaidpointingatthedarkscreen.Only‘IT’knows.‘IT’can’ttellme. Bythistimetherewerequiteafewpeoplestandinginlines.Thewordssoonspreadtoothertravelersthatthecomputerwasdown.Somepeoplewentwhitesomepeoplestartedtocryandstillotherskickedtheirluggage. Thebesttitleforthearticleis.
A AvolcaniceruptioninIcelandhassentashacrossnorthernEurope.AirlineshavestoppedorchangedtheflightsacrosstheAtlanticOceanleavinghundredsofpassengersstuckinairports. GrimsvotnisoneofthelargestactivevolcanoesinEurope.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentisthatitliesunderahugeglacier冰川oficeupto12metersthick.Thehotvolcanoheatsuptheiceaboveitwhichthenformsalayer层ofwaterbetweentheglacierandthevolcano.Thislayerofwaterputspressureonthevolcanokeepingitstable.Asthewaterflowsoutfromundertheglacierthepressurelifts.Thelava岩浆fromthevolcanothencomesuptothesurface.Thisisexactlywhathashappenedtoday. Nowairlineshavetomakechangestotheirflightssoasnottoflythroughthecloudsofvolcanicash.AccordingtoKLMoneofEuropesbiggestairlinesairplanescannotgounderthecloudoroverit.Goingthroughthecloudcanresultinashgettingstuckintheairplanesenginescausingdamagetotheplane. TheeruptionhasalsocausedproblemsforanimalsinIceland.Thevolcanoleftashandsharpglasslikerocksalloverthecountryside.Farmersarekeepingtheiranimalsinsidetostopthemfromeatingashcoveredgrassorthesharpobjects. Whichofthefollowingistheresultofthevolcaniceruption
D AreyouoneofthosewhoalwaysfearwheneveradogisapproachingIfyouareyouhavegotphobiaaverystrongfeelingofbeingafraidofsomething.Ofallhumanfearsphobiasmaybethemostuncontrollable.Theyaremostoftencausedbyaparticularsituationorobject.Ingeneralphobiascanmainlybedividedintothreevarieties.Tobeginwithagoraphobiaisafearofstayinginstrangesurroundingsforexampleanunfamiliarplaceoranopenarea.Socialphobiareferstotheanxietypeopleshowwhentheyhavetostayorperformonsocialeventsforinstancespeakinginfrontoftheclass.Lastlythereareawiderangeofspecificphobias.Peoplesufferingfromthiskindofphobiaareterrifiedofspecificobjectsorcreaturessuchasspidersperhapstoyoursurpriseclowns.Besidesthereareaboutsixhundredandfiftyphobiaslistedbypsychologists心理学家asyet. Facedwiththeirphobiasmanypeoplechoosetodonothingbutjustescapethesituationsorobjectstheyfear.Psychologistshoweverwarnthatifnottreatedproperlythiskindofanxietywillgetworsesothatitmaydisturbthesleeppatterncausephysicalsymptomsandfinallyaffecttheirdailyactivities.Asfortreatmentclinicalresearchhasdiscoveredthatmedicineforanxietyisnotsuccessfulincuringphobias.Howevertheanxietydisorderscanbeefficientlytreatedthroughcognitivebehavioraltherapy认知行为疗法throughwhichpatientsareledtoinspecttheconnectionsbetweentheirownfearandthesituationorobjectandthenactivelychoosetheacceptabletreatments.Alsoothertreatmentsprovedeffectiveinreducingphobiasaremeditationlisteningtocalmingmusicandsoon. Accordingtothepassagewhatcausesphobias
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Familyeducationhasagreatonchildreninmanyways.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
E ThemostfrighteningwordsintheEnglishlanguageareOurcomputerisdown.Youhearitmoreandmorewhenyouareonbusiness.TheotherdayIwasattheairportwaitingforatickettoWashingtonandthegirlintheticketofficesaidI’msorryIcan’tsellyouaticket.Ourcomputerisdown. Ifyourcomputerisdownjustwritemeoutaticket. Ican’twriteyououtaticket.Thecomputeristheonlyoneallowedtodoso. Ilookeddownonthecomputerandeverypassengerwasjuststandingtheredrinkingcoffeeandstaringattheblackscreen.ThenIaskedherWhatdoallyoupeopledo Wegivethecomputertheinformationaboutyourtripandthenittellsuswhetheryoucanflywithusornot. Sowhenitgoesdownyougodownwithit. That’sgoodsir. HowlongwillthecomputerbedownIwantedtoknow. Ihavenoidea.Sometimesit’sdownfor10minutessometimesfortwohours.There’snowaywecanfindoutwithoutaskingthecomputerandsinceit’sdownitwon’tanswerus. AfterthegirltoldmetheyhadnobackupcomputerIsaid.Let’sforgetthecomputer.WhataboutyourplanesThey’restillflyingaren’tthey Icouldn’ttellwithoutaskingthecomputer. MaybeIcouldjustgotothegateandaskthepilotifhe’sflyingtoWashingtonIsuggested. Iwouldn’tknowwhatgatetosendyouto.EvenifthepilotwasgoingtoWashingtonhecouldn’ttakeyouifyoudidn’thaveaticket. IsthereanyotherairlineflyingtoWashingtonwithinthenextfewhours Iwouldn’tknowshesaidpointingatthedarkscreen.Only‘IT’knows.‘IT’can’ttellme. Bythistimetherewerequiteafewpeoplestandinginlines.Thewordssoonspreadtoothertravelersthatthecomputerwasdown.Somepeoplewentwhitesomepeoplestartedtocryandstillotherskickedtheirluggage. Whydoyouthinktheyhadnotabackupcomputer
—Thisdresswaslastyearsstyle. —Ithinkitstilllooksperfectithasgoneoutthisyear.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
A AvolcaniceruptioninIcelandhassentashacrossnorthernEurope.AirlineshavestoppedorchangedtheflightsacrosstheAtlanticOceanleavinghundredsofpassengersstuckinairports. GrimsvotnisoneofthelargestactivevolcanoesinEurope.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentisthatitliesunderahugeglacier冰川oficeupto12metersthick.Thehotvolcanoheatsuptheiceaboveitwhichthenformsalayer层ofwaterbetweentheglacierandthevolcano.Thislayerofwaterputspressureonthevolcanokeepingitstable.Asthewaterflowsoutfromundertheglacierthepressurelifts.Thelava岩浆fromthevolcanothencomesuptothesurface.Thisisexactlywhathashappenedtoday. Nowairlineshavetomakechangestotheirflightssoasnottoflythroughthecloudsofvolcanicash.AccordingtoKLMoneofEuropesbiggestairlinesairplanescannotgounderthecloudoroverit.Goingthroughthecloudcanresultinashgettingstuckintheairplanesenginescausingdamagetotheplane. TheeruptionhasalsocausedproblemsforanimalsinIceland.Thevolcanoleftashandsharpglasslikerocksalloverthecountryside.Farmersarekeepingtheiranimalsinsidetostopthemfromeatingashcoveredgrassorthesharpobjects. WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentfromothervolcanoes
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
C I’verecentlyturnedfiftywhichisyoungforatreemidlifeforanelephantandancientforasportsman.FiftyisanicenumberforthestatesintheUSorforanationalspeedlimitbutitisnotanumberthatIwaspreparedtohavehungonme.Fiftyissupposedtobemyfather’sagebutnowIamstuckwiththisnumberandeverythingitmeans. AfewdaysagoafriendtriedtocheermeupbysayingFiftyiswhatfortyusedtobe.Hehadmadeaninspirationalpoint:AmIoverthehillPeoplekeeptellingmethatthehillhasbeenmovedandIkeeptellingthemthatthehighjumpbarhasdroppedfromthesixfeetIonceeasilyclearedtothefourfeetthatisimpossibleformenow. YourarenotgettingolderyouaregettingbettersaysDr.JoyceBrothers.Thishoweveristhekindofdoctorwhoinspiresasecondopinion. AndsoasIapproachthedaywhenIcannotevenjumpoverthetennisnetIammovedtosharesomethoughtsonagingwithyou.Iammovedtoshowhowagingfeelstomephysicallyandmentally.Gettingolderofcourseisobviouslyabetterchangethantheonethatbringsyoueulogies颂词悼词.InfactapoetnamedRobertBrowningconsidereditthebestchangeofall: Growoldalongwithme! Thebestisyettome. WhetherornotBrowningwasrightmostofmyfirstfiftyyearshavebeengoldenonessoIwillsettleforwhatisaheadbeingasgoodaswhathasgoneby.Ifindmyselfmovingtowardwhatisaheadwithacuriousblend混合ofbothfightingandacceptingmyaginghopingthatthephilosopher哲学家wasrightwhenhesaidOldisalwaysfifteenyearsfromnow. Theauthorconsidershisfiftyyearsoflife.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
B Inchoosingafriendoneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluckbutwhenyouaredowntheywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriendIlookforcertainqualitiesofcharacterespeciallyunderstandinghonestyandreliability. AboveallelseIlookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Insteadhetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherpersonsplaceandhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener. Atthesametimehoweveragoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshortafriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme. Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.IfhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintimeIcanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavorhewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintroublehewillnotrunawayfromme. Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlivesandwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme. WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliablehonestandunderstandingIknowIvefoundafriend! Goodfriendsneedto.
Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover56. theworldmenandwomanboysandgirlsenjoysports.Since57. longagomanyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether58. tospendhoursevendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople59. liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords60. theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare61. playinggamestheymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities62. fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.63. Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican64. bigcitiesthousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.65.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
—Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap! —Thethebetter.Imshortofmoneyyousee.
B Inchoosingafriendoneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluckbutwhenyouaredowntheywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriendIlookforcertainqualitiesofcharacterespeciallyunderstandinghonestyandreliability. AboveallelseIlookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Insteadhetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherpersonsplaceandhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener. Atthesametimehoweveragoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshortafriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme. Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.IfhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintimeIcanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavorhewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintroublehewillnotrunawayfromme. Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlivesandwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme. WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliablehonestandunderstandingIknowIvefoundafriend! Whichofthefollowingqualitiesthewriterthinksisthemostimportantinchoosingafriend
C I’verecentlyturnedfiftywhichisyoungforatreemidlifeforanelephantandancientforasportsman.FiftyisanicenumberforthestatesintheUSorforanationalspeedlimitbutitisnotanumberthatIwaspreparedtohavehungonme.Fiftyissupposedtobemyfather’sagebutnowIamstuckwiththisnumberandeverythingitmeans. AfewdaysagoafriendtriedtocheermeupbysayingFiftyiswhatfortyusedtobe.Hehadmadeaninspirationalpoint:AmIoverthehillPeoplekeeptellingmethatthehillhasbeenmovedandIkeeptellingthemthatthehighjumpbarhasdroppedfromthesixfeetIonceeasilyclearedtothefourfeetthatisimpossibleformenow. YourarenotgettingolderyouaregettingbettersaysDr.JoyceBrothers.Thishoweveristhekindofdoctorwhoinspiresasecondopinion. AndsoasIapproachthedaywhenIcannotevenjumpoverthetennisnetIammovedtosharesomethoughtsonagingwithyou.Iammovedtoshowhowagingfeelstomephysicallyandmentally.Gettingolderofcourseisobviouslyabetterchangethantheonethatbringsyoueulogies颂词悼词.InfactapoetnamedRobertBrowningconsidereditthebestchangeofall: Growoldalongwithme! Thebestisyettome. WhetherornotBrowningwasrightmostofmyfirstfiftyyearshavebeengoldenonessoIwillsettleforwhatisaheadbeingasgoodaswhathasgoneby.Ifindmyselfmovingtowardwhatisaheadwithacuriousblend混合ofbothfightingandacceptingmyaginghopingthatthephilosopher哲学家wasrightwhenhesaidOldisalwaysfifteenyearsfromnow. TheauthorseemstotellusinParagraph1that.
Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover56. theworldmenandwomanboysandgirlsenjoysports.Since57. longagomanyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether58. tospendhoursevendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople59. liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords60. theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare61. playinggamestheymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities62. fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.63. Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican64. bigcitiesthousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.65.
Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover56. theworldmenandwomanboysandgirlsenjoysports.Since57. longagomanyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether58. tospendhoursevendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople59. liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords60. theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare61. playinggamestheymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities62. fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.63. Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican64. bigcitiesthousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.65.
Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover56. theworldmenandwomanboysandgirlsenjoysports.Since57. longagomanyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether58. tospendhoursevendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople59. liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords60. theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare61. playinggamestheymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities62. fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.63. Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican64. bigcitiesthousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.65.
D AreyouoneofthosewhoalwaysfearwheneveradogisapproachingIfyouareyouhavegotphobiaaverystrongfeelingofbeingafraidofsomething.Ofallhumanfearsphobiasmaybethemostuncontrollable.Theyaremostoftencausedbyaparticularsituationorobject.Ingeneralphobiascanmainlybedividedintothreevarieties.Tobeginwithagoraphobiaisafearofstayinginstrangesurroundingsforexampleanunfamiliarplaceoranopenarea.Socialphobiareferstotheanxietypeopleshowwhentheyhavetostayorperformonsocialeventsforinstancespeakinginfrontoftheclass.Lastlythereareawiderangeofspecificphobias.Peoplesufferingfromthiskindofphobiaareterrifiedofspecificobjectsorcreaturessuchasspidersperhapstoyoursurpriseclowns.Besidesthereareaboutsixhundredandfiftyphobiaslistedbypsychologists心理学家asyet. Facedwiththeirphobiasmanypeoplechoosetodonothingbutjustescapethesituationsorobjectstheyfear.Psychologistshoweverwarnthatifnottreatedproperlythiskindofanxietywillgetworsesothatitmaydisturbthesleeppatterncausephysicalsymptomsandfinallyaffecttheirdailyactivities.Asfortreatmentclinicalresearchhasdiscoveredthatmedicineforanxietyisnotsuccessfulincuringphobias.Howevertheanxietydisorderscanbeefficientlytreatedthroughcognitivebehavioraltherapy认知行为疗法throughwhichpatientsareledtoinspecttheconnectionsbetweentheirownfearandthesituationorobjectandthenactivelychoosetheacceptabletreatments.Alsoothertreatmentsprovedeffectiveinreducingphobiasaremeditationlisteningtocalmingmusicandsoon. WhichdopsychologistsNOTuseforeffectivetreatmentofphobias
ThesubjectwearegoingtoturnisaboutEnglishstudies.
Isn’ttheTVplaywonderfulThissentencemeans.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
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