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SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.20
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.14
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.8
Text3Shoppinghasalwaysbeensomethingofanimpulseactivityinwhichobjectsthatcatchourfancywhilestrollingareimmediatelyboughtonawhim.Advertisersandsellershavetakenadvantageofthisfactcarefullypositioninginexpensivebutattractiveitemsonpathsthatwearemostlikelytocrosshopingthatourhumannaturewillleadtoagreaterprofitforthem.WiththedawnoftheInternetanditsexplodinguseacrosstheworldthesametacticsapply.Advertisersnowplace"banners"linkstocommercialwebsitesdecoratedwithattractivepicturesdesignedtocatchoureyeswhilebrowsingthewebsonkeywebsiteswithheavytraffic.Theypaytopdollarfortherightthuscreatingprofitsforthehostingwebsitesaswell.Theseactionsareperformedinthehopesthatduringthecourseofourcasualandleisurelywebsurfingwe’llclickonthatbannerthatsparksourinterestandthusintheorybuytheproductsadvertised.Initialresultshavebeenpositive.Websitesreportahugeinflowofcashbothfromtheadvertiserswhotemptcustomersinwiththebannersandthehostingwebsiteswhicharepaidforallowingthebannerstobeputinplace.AstrustandconfidenceinInternetbuyingincreasesandinformationsecurityisheightenedwithnewtechnologythevolumeofbuyingisincreasingleadingtoevengreaterprofits.Thecurrentsituationhoweverisnotquiteasoptimistic.Justasmagazinereaderstendtounconsciouslyignoreadvertisementsintheirfavoriteperiodicalswebbrowsersarebeginningtoallowbannerstosliptheirnoticeaswell.Internetusersrespondtothefloodofbannersbyviewingthemasannoyancesanegativeimagethatishurtingsalessinceusersarenowlessreluctanttoclickonthosebannerspreferringnottosupportthesystemthatputstheminplace.IfInternetadvertisingistocontinuetobeaviableandprofitablebusinesspracticenewmethodswillneedtobeconsideredtoreinvigoratetheindustry.Withtherecentdepressioninthetechnologysectorandslowingeconomyevennewpracticesmaynotdothetrick.AsconsumersaresavingmoreandfrequentingtraditionalrealestatebusinessesovertheirInternetcounterpartsthefateofInternetbusinessiscalledintoquestion.ThecomingyearswillbetheonlyreliableindicationofwhethershoppingontheWorldWideWebisthewaveofthefutureorsimplyanimpulseactivitywhosewhimhaspassed.Notes:onawhim心血来潮surfv.冲浪intheory在理论上顺理成章hosting访问率高的call...intoquestion质疑对......提出疑问. Thesecondandthirdparagraphsarewritteninordertoillustrate
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.18
Text3Shoppinghasalwaysbeensomethingofanimpulseactivityinwhichobjectsthatcatchourfancywhilestrollingareimmediatelyboughtonawhim.Advertisersandsellershavetakenadvantageofthisfactcarefullypositioninginexpensivebutattractiveitemsonpathsthatwearemostlikelytocrosshopingthatourhumannaturewillleadtoagreaterprofitforthem.WiththedawnoftheInternetanditsexplodinguseacrosstheworldthesametacticsapply.Advertisersnowplace"banners"linkstocommercialwebsitesdecoratedwithattractivepicturesdesignedtocatchoureyeswhilebrowsingthewebsonkeywebsiteswithheavytraffic.Theypaytopdollarfortherightthuscreatingprofitsforthehostingwebsitesaswell.Theseactionsareperformedinthehopesthatduringthecourseofourcasualandleisurelywebsurfingwe’llclickonthatbannerthatsparksourinterestandthusintheorybuytheproductsadvertised.Initialresultshavebeenpositive.Websitesreportahugeinflowofcashbothfromtheadvertiserswhotemptcustomersinwiththebannersandthehostingwebsiteswhicharepaidforallowingthebannerstobeputinplace.AstrustandconfidenceinInternetbuyingincreasesandinformationsecurityisheightenedwithnewtechnologythevolumeofbuyingisincreasingleadingtoevengreaterprofits.Thecurrentsituationhoweverisnotquiteasoptimistic.Justasmagazinereaderstendtounconsciouslyignoreadvertisementsintheirfavoriteperiodicalswebbrowsersarebeginningtoallowbannerstosliptheirnoticeaswell.Internetusersrespondtothefloodofbannersbyviewingthemasannoyancesanegativeimagethatishurtingsalessinceusersarenowlessreluctanttoclickonthosebannerspreferringnottosupportthesystemthatputstheminplace.IfInternetadvertisingistocontinuetobeaviableandprofitablebusinesspracticenewmethodswillneedtobeconsideredtoreinvigoratetheindustry.Withtherecentdepressioninthetechnologysectorandslowingeconomyevennewpracticesmaynotdothetrick.AsconsumersaresavingmoreandfrequentingtraditionalrealestatebusinessesovertheirInternetcounterpartsthefateofInternetbusinessiscalledintoquestion.ThecomingyearswillbetheonlyreliableindicationofwhethershoppingontheWorldWideWebisthewaveofthefutureorsimplyanimpulseactivitywhosewhimhaspassed.Notes:onawhim心血来潮surfv.冲浪intheory在理论上顺理成章hosting访问率高的call...intoquestion质疑对......提出疑问. Theauthor'sattitudetowardonlineadvertisingcanbesummarizedasoneof
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindownandthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntousthatisscientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ournatureisnotconsideredasimmutableeithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcenturythesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtherolesresponsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsexandyetscarcelytwentyyearsagothesewerethoughttobe"beyonddispute".WecansafelysaywithafewminorexceptionsthatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespectivefunctionsremainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.Theroledistinctionraisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismonastronglyhierarchicalmodellastedthroughoutthisperiodappealingforitsjustificationtonaturereligionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworldandwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamilybysatisfyingtheirneedsinpeacetimeandgoingtowarwhennecessary.Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthesexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbetweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-honoredorderofthings.Itwasfelttobeagainstnatureadeviationfromthenorm.Sexrolesweredeterminedaccordingtothe"place"appropriatetoeach.Women’splacewasfirstandforemostinthehome.Theoutsideworldi.e.workshopsfactoriesandbusinessfirmsbelongedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworldprivateandpublicgaverisetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudeswhichconferredoneachitsspecialidentity.Thewomansequesteredathome"carednurturedandconserved".Todothisshehadnoneedtobedaringambitioustoughorcompetitive.Themanontheotherhandcompetingwithhisfellowmenwascaughtupeverydayinthestruggleforsurvivalandhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnaturalinaman.Todaymanywomengoout’toworkandtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechangedconsiderably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentiveswefindambitionandpersonalfulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstancesandthewishtohaveasociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveallforallwomenworkisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.Notes:immutable不可改变的dualism双重论divergence分歧偏离overlapping部分巧合一致time-honored由来已久的dichotomy一分为二对立sequester使隔离becaughtupin被缠住于Heiscaughtupinthetrivia琐事ofeverydaythingsunduly过渡地不恰当地 Fromparagraph1wecaninferthatitisnowpossibleforwomentoembarkonacareerbecause
PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticlesomesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41--45choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA--Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoiceswhichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffirealthoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenheacquiredtheuseofthelatter.41______Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignalsbuteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligentwemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgoneorwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.42______Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.43______44______Theseinventionsanddiscoveries—firespeechweaponsdomesticanimalsagricultureandwritingmadetheexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasnotechnicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecomeaccustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizationsappropriatetoit.Therewasofcourseanimmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNiletheEuphratestheTigrisandtheIndusbutattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreatestpartoftheinhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduringthetime.45______Notes:ape猿pastoralnomad田园式的游牧部落的人theEuphrates幼发拉底河theTigris底格里斯河theIndus印度河inquestion所谈的在名词后作后置定语 [A]Probablypicturelanguageandorallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman. [B]Anotherfundamentaltechnicaladvancewaswritingwhichlikespokenlanguagedevelopedoutofpicturesbutassoonasithadreachedacertainstageitwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationwasgiven. [C]Withthedevelopmentofcivilizationprimitivepeoplewholivedincavesatthattimebadlyneededalanguagewhichwouldhelpthemtocommunicatewithoneanother. [D]Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually. [E]Infacttherewasprogress--therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreatimportancenamelygunpowderandthemariner’scompass--butneitherofthesecanbecomparedintheirrevolutionarypowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture. [F]Thesewereatfirstonlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolentresistancefromthepastoralnomadsbuttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailedintheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided. [G]Butindustrywasastepinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage. 44
PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Ourdailyexistenceisdividedintotwophasesasdistinctasdayandnight.Wecallthemworkandplay.Weworkmanyhoursadayandweallowthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping.46Therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasecreationsanelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment.Weneedtomakethereforeahard-and-fastdistinctionnotonlybetweenworkandplaybutequallybetweenactiveplayandpassiveentertainment.47ItisIsupposethedeclineofactiveplay--ofamateursport--andtheenormousgrowthofpurelyreceptiveentertainmentwhichhavegivenrisetoasociologicalinterestintheproblem.Ifthegreaterpartofthepopulationinsteadofindulginginsportspendtheirhoursofleisure"viewing"televisionprogramstherewillinevitablybeadeclineinhealthandphysique.Inadditionwehaveyettotracethementalandmoralconsequencesofprolongeddietofsentimentalorsensationalspectaclesonthescreen.48Thereisifweareoptimisticthepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandunnourishingtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.Ninefilmsoutoftenseemtoleaveabsolutelynoimpressiononthemindorimaginationofthosewhohaveseenthem.49Itisonlywhenentertainmentisactiveparticipatedinpracticedthatitcanproperlybecalledplayandassuchitisanaturaluseofleisure.Inthatsenseplaystandsincontrasttoworkandisusuallyregardedasanactivitythatalternateswithwork.Workitselfisnotasingleconcept.Wesayquitegenerallythatweworkinordertomakealiving.Someofusworkphysicallytillingthelandmindingthemachinesdiggingthecoal;othersworkmentallykeepingaccountsinventingmachinesteachingandpreachingmanagingandgoverning.50Theredoesnotseemtobeanyfactorcommontoallthesediverseoccupationsexceptthattheyconsumeourtimeandleaveuslittleleisure. Therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasecreationsanelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment
Text4Picture-takingisatechniquebothforreflectingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexistthoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperamentdiscoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatisphotographyhastwodirectlyoppositeidealsinthefirstphotographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecondphotographyistheinstrumentoffearlessnessquestingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.Theseconflictingidealsarisefromuneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin"taking"apicture.Accordinglytheidealofaphotographerasobserverisattractingbecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicturetakingisanaggressiveact.Theissueofcourseisnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimplyandessentiallybenevolent.Asaconsequenceoneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whateveraretheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressionjustlikepaintingitsoriginalityiscloselylinkedtothepowerofamachine.ThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographslikeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticatedmoreautomatedsomephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmedpreferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitimposedbypre-moderncameratechnologybecauseacruderlesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresultstoleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.ForexampleithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographersincludingWalkerEvansandCartierBressontorefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof"fastseeing".CartierBressoninfactclaimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefutureoffasterandfasterseeingalternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpastwhenimageshadahandmadequality.Thislongingforsomeprimitivestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandtheworkofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographsitseemsneedperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.Notes:cropvt.播种修剪树木收割countforlittle无关紧要predatory掠夺成性的championn.军vt.支持benevolent好心肠的ambivalence矛盾心理make+不定式似乎要:Hemakestobegin.他似乎要开始了swirlsandeddies漩涡cult狂热崇拜daguerreotypes初期的银板照相法 Thetwodirectlyoppositeidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.2
Text4Picture-takingisatechniquebothforreflectingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexistthoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperamentdiscoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatisphotographyhastwodirectlyoppositeidealsinthefirstphotographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecondphotographyistheinstrumentoffearlessnessquestingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.Theseconflictingidealsarisefromuneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin"taking"apicture.Accordinglytheidealofaphotographerasobserverisattractingbecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicturetakingisanaggressiveact.Theissueofcourseisnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimplyandessentiallybenevolent.Asaconsequenceoneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whateveraretheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressionjustlikepaintingitsoriginalityiscloselylinkedtothepowerofamachine.ThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographslikeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticatedmoreautomatedsomephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmedpreferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitimposedbypre-moderncameratechnologybecauseacruderlesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresultstoleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.ForexampleithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographersincludingWalkerEvansandCartierBressontorefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof"fastseeing".CartierBressoninfactclaimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefutureoffasterandfasterseeingalternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpastwhenimageshadahandmadequality.Thislongingforsomeprimitivestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandtheworkofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographsitseemsneedperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.Notes:cropvt.播种修剪树木收割countforlittle无关紧要predatory掠夺成性的championn.军vt.支持benevolent好心肠的ambivalence矛盾心理make+不定式似乎要:Hemakestobegin.他似乎要开始了swirlsandeddies漩涡cult狂热崇拜daguerreotypes初期的银板照相法 TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof
Text2ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.FortheyearasawholeconsumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreovertherestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.InadditiontheeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finallyofcoursetheeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.NeverthelessbyanyothertestthedeficitremainedverylargeandtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficitalmosttwothirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointingtherearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficithowevertheoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead—andindeedforthelongerrun—remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.Withtheeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowthandwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourcompetitivepostureinternationallytheemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeprogramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylargehowevertheexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.Notes:inventory存贷East-Westtensions东西方紧张局势fiscal怀国库的钱有关的财务的常指税收liquidity周转率清偿力leeway余地given鉴于由于thePhaseThreeprogram第三阶段计划 Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthattheauthor'sattitudetowardthereductionoftheinternationalpaymentsdeficitseems
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.6
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.12
PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticlesomesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41--45choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA--Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoiceswhichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffirealthoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenheacquiredtheuseofthelatter.41______Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignalsbuteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligentwemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgoneorwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.42______Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.43______44______Theseinventionsanddiscoveries—firespeechweaponsdomesticanimalsagricultureandwritingmadetheexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasnotechnicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecomeaccustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizationsappropriatetoit.Therewasofcourseanimmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNiletheEuphratestheTigrisandtheIndusbutattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreatestpartoftheinhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduringthetime.45______Notes:ape猿pastoralnomad田园式的游牧部落的人theEuphrates幼发拉底河theTigris底格里斯河theIndus印度河inquestion所谈的在名词后作后置定语 [A]Probablypicturelanguageandorallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman. [B]Anotherfundamentaltechnicaladvancewaswritingwhichlikespokenlanguagedevelopedoutofpicturesbutassoonasithadreachedacertainstageitwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationwasgiven. [C]Withthedevelopmentofcivilizationprimitivepeoplewholivedincavesatthattimebadlyneededalanguagewhichwouldhelpthemtocommunicatewithoneanother. [D]Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually. [E]Infacttherewasprogress--therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreatimportancenamelygunpowderandthemariner’scompass--butneitherofthesecanbecomparedintheirrevolutionarypowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture. [F]Thesewereatfirstonlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolentresistancefromthepastoralnomadsbuttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailedintheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided. [G]Butindustrywasastepinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage. 42
新民主主义革命就是新式的特殊的资产阶级民主主义革命它的基本特点有
提高资本周转速度给资本所有者带来的好处有
对于同一棵大树在木匠的眼中是木材画家看到的是色彩和色调植物学家看到的是它的形态特征这是由于
PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Ourdailyexistenceisdividedintotwophasesasdistinctasdayandnight.Wecallthemworkandplay.Weworkmanyhoursadayandweallowthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping.46Therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasecreationsanelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment.Weneedtomakethereforeahard-and-fastdistinctionnotonlybetweenworkandplaybutequallybetweenactiveplayandpassiveentertainment.47ItisIsupposethedeclineofactiveplay--ofamateursport--andtheenormousgrowthofpurelyreceptiveentertainmentwhichhavegivenrisetoasociologicalinterestintheproblem.Ifthegreaterpartofthepopulationinsteadofindulginginsportspendtheirhoursofleisure"viewing"televisionprogramstherewillinevitablybeadeclineinhealthandphysique.Inadditionwehaveyettotracethementalandmoralconsequencesofprolongeddietofsentimentalorsensationalspectaclesonthescreen.48Thereisifweareoptimisticthepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandunnourishingtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.Ninefilmsoutoftenseemtoleaveabsolutelynoimpressiononthemindorimaginationofthosewhohaveseenthem.49Itisonlywhenentertainmentisactiveparticipatedinpracticedthatitcanproperlybecalledplayandassuchitisanaturaluseofleisure.Inthatsenseplaystandsincontrasttoworkandisusuallyregardedasanactivitythatalternateswithwork.Workitselfisnotasingleconcept.Wesayquitegenerallythatweworkinordertomakealiving.Someofusworkphysicallytillingthelandmindingthemachinesdiggingthecoal;othersworkmentallykeepingaccountsinventingmachinesteachingandpreachingmanagingandgoverning.50Theredoesnotseemtobeanyfactorcommontoallthesediverseoccupationsexceptthattheyconsumeourtimeandleaveuslittleleisure. Thereisifweareoptimisticthepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandunnourishingtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.
材料1 不出几年中国就会成为世界上经济规模最大的国家而且它正朝着成为一个令人生畏的军事大国的方向迈进中国是一个未得到满足的雄心勃勃的大国它的目标是支配亚洲其办法不是入侵和占领邻国而是使自己远比邻过强大从而使东亚发生的一切都必须至少得到中国的默许 ——摘自理查德伯恩施坦罗斯芒罗即将到来的中美冲突 材料2 中国现行的政治和经济制度最多只能维持五年中国经济开始崩溃时间会在208年举办奥运会之前经济的混乱蔓延到社会而政治的混乱发展到一定程度是中国的经济与中共政权将同时崩溃 ——摘自章家敦中国即将崩溃 材料3 西方国家不管是以经济还是军事方面的威胁为由阻止中国选择在世界经济体制中同其共同生存共同发展的道路对和平繁荣来说都是一个极大的不幸不管怎样都应该使中国成为世界经济中的一员强国拥有强大的军事力量和经济力量本身并不构成威胁问题在于是否把拥有的强大力量作为威胁的手段 ——摘自朝鲜日报 请回答 1材料1是什么观点你有什么看法 2材料2是什么观点你有什么看法 3谈谈材料3的观点与材料1观点的不同之处
以下是有关霸权主义强权政治新表现的材料 美国著名国际政治学家卡普兰有一本书叫尚武政治据说这是布什最爱读的三本书之一作者在书中提出美国当仁不让就是做帝国这个帝国与历史上的其他帝国不同是仁慈和善意的 ——摘自世界知识 由失败国家组成的前现代国家阿富汗索马里等已对世界构成一种新的严重的挑战与之打交道时需要以前的较强硬的办法即武力先发制人的打击欺骗 现在需要的是一种新型帝国主义一种符合人权和全球价值观的帝国主义 一一摘自[英]外交政策顾问罗库珀我们为什么仍然需要帝国 传统学派认为单极从根本上是不稳定的美国任何轻微的违规之举都有可能引发危险的动荡我认为情况正好相反单极是持久的也是和平的最大的危险是美国的行动太少作为一个拥有无可争议的优势和国家更可能轻视这一国际系统和总的挑战但由于这一系统是围绕美国建立起来的这就要求美国进行约束和管理美国对挑战的反应及提出的法令越有效这一系统将越长久和越稳定 ——摘引美]威廉沃尔福斯稳定的单极世界 这场反恐战争到底需要多少时间无法预测美国面临前所未有的威胁面对新的威胁需要新的思维__分子十分隐蔽且不具理性所以欲阻止其使用大规模杀伤性武器不扩散核武器条约没有约束力必须依具体情况采取从财政情报到武力的先发制人的打击美国即将通过在大国间建立友好关系来维护和平一旦大国有了共同的价值观可以此作为共同反恐的基础 ——摘自美国总统布什在西点军校的讲话 请回答 1从以上引文中你对新帝国战略或新帝国主义有什么看法它出笼的背景是什么 2分析材料3所提出的观点并指出其实质 3评析先发制人战略的出台及其严重性 以下是有关霸权主义强权政治新表现的材料 美国著名国际政治学家卡普兰有一本书叫尚武政治据说这是布什最爱读的三本书之一作者在书中提出美国当仁不让就是做帝国这个帝国与历史上的其他帝国不同是仁慈和善意的 ——摘自世界知识 由失败国家组成的前现代国家阿富汗索马里等已对世界构成一种新的严重的挑战与之打交道时需要以前的较强硬的办法即武力先发制人的打击欺骗 现在需要的是一种新型帝国主义一种符合人权和全球价值观的帝国主义 一一摘自[英]外交政策顾问罗库珀我们为什么仍然需要帝国 传统学派认为单极从根本上是不稳定的美国任何轻微的违规之举都有可能引发危险的动荡我认为情况正好相反单极是持久的也是和平的最大的危险是美国的行动太少作为一个拥有无可争议的优势和国家更可能轻视这一国际系统和总的挑战但由于这一系统是围绕美国建立起来的这就要求美国进行约束和管理美国对挑战的反应及提出的法令越有效这一系统将越长久和越稳定 ——摘引美]威廉沃尔福斯稳定的单极世界 这场反恐战争到底需要多少时间无法预测美国面临前所未有的威胁面对新的威胁需要新的思维__分子十分隐蔽且不具理性所以欲阻止其使用大规模杀伤性武器不扩散核武器条约没有约束力必须依具体情况采取从财政情报到武力的先发制人的打击美国即将通过在大国间建立友好关系来维护和平一旦大国有了共同的价值观可以此作为共同反恐的基础 ——摘自美国总统布什在西点军校的讲话 请回答 1从以上引文中你对新帝国战略或新帝国主义有什么看法它出笼的背景是什么 2分析材料3所提出的观点并指出其实质 3评析先发制人战略的出台及其严重性
Text2ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.FortheyearasawholeconsumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreovertherestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.InadditiontheeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finallyofcoursetheeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.NeverthelessbyanyothertestthedeficitremainedverylargeandtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficitalmosttwothirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointingtherearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficithowevertheoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead—andindeedforthelongerrun—remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.Withtheeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowthandwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourcompetitivepostureinternationallytheemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeprogramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylargehowevertheexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.Notes:inventory存贷East-Westtensions东西方紧张局势fiscal怀国库的钱有关的财务的常指税收liquidity周转率清偿力leeway余地given鉴于由于thePhaseThreeprogram第三阶段计划 Paragraph2mainlydealswith
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.16
Text2ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.FortheyearasawholeconsumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreovertherestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.InadditiontheeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finallyofcoursetheeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.NeverthelessbyanyothertestthedeficitremainedverylargeandtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficitalmosttwothirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointingtherearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficithowevertheoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead—andindeedforthelongerrun—remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.Withtheeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowthandwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourcompetitivepostureinternationallytheemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeprogramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylargehowevertheexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.Notes:inventory存贷East-Westtensions东西方紧张局势fiscal怀国库的钱有关的财务的常指税收liquidity周转率清偿力leeway余地given鉴于由于thePhaseThreeprogram第三阶段计划 Partofthepublicpolicytaskasoutlinedinthetextisto
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindownandthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntousthatisscientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ournatureisnotconsideredasimmutableeithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcenturythesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtherolesresponsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsexandyetscarcelytwentyyearsagothesewerethoughttobe"beyonddispute".WecansafelysaywithafewminorexceptionsthatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespectivefunctionsremainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.Theroledistinctionraisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismonastronglyhierarchicalmodellastedthroughoutthisperiodappealingforitsjustificationtonaturereligionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworldandwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamilybysatisfyingtheirneedsinpeacetimeandgoingtowarwhennecessary.Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthesexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbetweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-honoredorderofthings.Itwasfelttobeagainstnatureadeviationfromthenorm.Sexrolesweredeterminedaccordingtothe"place"appropriatetoeach.Women’splacewasfirstandforemostinthehome.Theoutsideworldi.e.workshopsfactoriesandbusinessfirmsbelongedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworldprivateandpublicgaverisetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudeswhichconferredoneachitsspecialidentity.Thewomansequesteredathome"carednurturedandconserved".Todothisshehadnoneedtobedaringambitioustoughorcompetitive.Themanontheotherhandcompetingwithhisfellowmenwascaughtupeverydayinthestruggleforsurvivalandhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnaturalinaman.Todaymanywomengoout’toworkandtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechangedconsiderably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentiveswefindambitionandpersonalfulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstancesandthewishtohaveasociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveallforallwomenworkisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.Notes:immutable不可改变的dualism双重论divergence分歧偏离overlapping部分巧合一致time-honored由来已久的dichotomy一分为二对立sequester使隔离becaughtupin被缠住于Heiscaughtupinthetrivia琐事ofeverydaythingsunduly过渡地不恰当地 Accordingtothefourthparagraphtheauthorseemstothinkthat
下面是有关文化建设的材料 材料1 __认为一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济在观念形态上的反映在中国有帝国主义文化这是反映帝国主义在政治上经济上统治或半统治中国的东西在中国又有半封建文化这是反映半封建政治和半封建经济的东西这类反动文化是替帝国主义和封建阶级服务的是应该被__的东西至于新文化则是在观念形态上反映新政治和新经济的东西是替新政治新经济服务的新的政治力量新的经济力量新的文化力量都是中国的革命力量所谓新民主主义的文化一句话就是无产阶级领导的人民大众的反帝反封建的文化 ——摘自__新民主主义论 材料2 __指出建设有中国特色社会主义的文化就是以马克思主义为指导以培育有理想有道德有文化有纪律的公民为目标发展面向现代化面向世界面向未来民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化建设立足中国现实继承历史文化优秀传统吸取外国文化有益成果的社会主义精神文明 ——摘自__高举__理论伟大旗帜把建设有中国特色社会主义事业全面推向二十一世纪 材料3 __说我们这个民族有数千年的历史有它的特点有它的许多珍贵品质对于这些我们还是小学生今天的中国是历史的中国的一个发展我们是马克思主义的历史主义者我们不应当割断历史从孔夫子到孙中山我们应当给以总结承继这一份珍贵的遗产 ——摘自__中国__在民族战争中的地位 材料4 全面建设小康社会必须大力发展社会主义文化建设社会主义精神文明当今世界文化与经济和政治相互交融在综合国力竞争中的地位和作用越来越突出文化的力量深深熔铸在民族的生命力创造力和凝聚力之中全党同志要深刻认识文化建设的战略意义推进社会主义文化的发展繁荣 ——摘自__在中国__第十六次全国代表大会上的报告 请回答 1根据材料l分析文化和政治经济之问的关系 2结合材料12简述新民主主义的文化与建设有中国特色社会主义的文化之问的联系 3结合材料34简要阐述中国特色社会主义文化和人类历史上其他文化之间的关系 4结合材料4阐述中国特色社会主义文化建设的战略意义
Text4Picture-takingisatechniquebothforreflectingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexistthoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperamentdiscoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatisphotographyhastwodirectlyoppositeidealsinthefirstphotographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecondphotographyistheinstrumentoffearlessnessquestingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.Theseconflictingidealsarisefromuneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin"taking"apicture.Accordinglytheidealofaphotographerasobserverisattractingbecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicturetakingisanaggressiveact.Theissueofcourseisnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimplyandessentiallybenevolent.Asaconsequenceoneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whateveraretheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressionjustlikepaintingitsoriginalityiscloselylinkedtothepowerofamachine.ThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographslikeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticatedmoreautomatedsomephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmedpreferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitimposedbypre-moderncameratechnologybecauseacruderlesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresultstoleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.ForexampleithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographersincludingWalkerEvansandCartierBressontorefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof"fastseeing".CartierBressoninfactclaimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefutureoffasterandfasterseeingalternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpastwhenimageshadahandmadequality.Thislongingforsomeprimitivestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandtheworkofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographsitseemsneedperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.Notes:cropvt.播种修剪树木收割countforlittle无关紧要predatory掠夺成性的championn.军vt.支持benevolent好心肠的ambivalence矛盾心理make+不定式似乎要:Hemakestobegin.他似乎要开始了swirlsandeddies漩涡cult狂热崇拜daguerreotypes初期的银板照相法 ThetextstatesallofthefollowingaboutphotographsEXCEPT:
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedWeb.FordecadesAmericanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunications2fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now4bombsexplodinginBaghdadasuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStatestheWebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage拼贴of14videoaudioreportsphotographycollectionsanimatedweaponry15interactivemapsandothernewdigitalrep6rtage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.4
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