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开展历史教学活动的主要依据是（）
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教学大纲是教师备课和上课的主要依据
教学计划是编写教科书和教师教学的主要依据
选择教学媒体的四个主要依据包括
依据教学条件
依据教学目标
依据教学内容
依据教学对象
开展建筑活动的主要依据是
合同主体
合同内容
合同客体
合同程序
教学媒体选择的主要依据包括
教学目标
教学对象
教学内容
教学条件
即是学员参与学习活动主要依据也是指导实施教学行为的行动方案
课程设计
教学环节
教学形式
教学计划
教学计划是教师备课教课的主要依据
确定小学课外活动内容和形式的主要依据是
学校的师资力量
学生的兴趣，爱好
学校的教学特色
学生的知识基础
某小学拟编写一本综合实践活动校本教材编写这一教材的主要依据应为
教学目标
教学内容
课程标准
课程计划
简述教学媒体选择的主要依据
选择和运用教学方法的主要依据是什么
在美术教学设计中选择美术学习活动与学习方式的主要依据是
教学目标与教学内容
教学评价与学生人数
教学环节与教学时间
工作报酬与劳动强度
是教师进行教学的主要依据
简述课堂教学设计的主要依据
教学行为的主要依据教师专业标准对教师的等提出明确的要求教师按照这些要求不仅能保证教育教学活动的科学性
制定教学评价标准的主要依据是
教学质量
教学对象
教学目标
教学效果
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Greatchangesinourcountrysincetwentyyearsago.
ThepresidentsvisittoJapanhadapositiveeffectbusinessscienceandtechnologybetweenthetwocountries.
Passage1 Whenaconsumerfindsthatsomethingheorsheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptowhattheproducersaysforitthefirststepistopresentthewarrantyoranyotherrecords thatmighthelpatthestoreofbuying.Inmostcasesthisactionwillproduceresults.Howeverifitdoesnottherearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction. Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneralthehigheruptheconsumertakeshisorhercomplaintthefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacaseitisusuallysettledintheconsumersfavourtakingitastruethatheorshehasajustright. Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossiblebutiftheycannotgettotheplaceofbuyingitisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter. Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmlyandespeciallywhentheconsumercanshowclearlywhatiswrongwithwhatwasboughtinquestion.Ifthiscannotbedonetheconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrongratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.ForexampleTheleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclearisbetterthanThisstereodoesnotwork. Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetotheproducerifsotheconsumershoulddothissettingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievetheexpectedresulttheconsumercangoastepfurther.Heorshecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoapublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumersrights. Thepassagetellsus.
TheteachercanbelievethatTomstudiesso.
Passage1 MrGreywasabiologyprofessorandhehad abigcollectionofextremerarebonesthathe1. wasveryproud.Oneyearhemanagedtogetabetter2. jobatanotheruniversity.Becausehewasverybusy3. hiswifemanagedalltheirthingstobetakinginatrunk4. totheirnewhome. Threemenstartedtakingthethingsoutthehouse5. andplaceditinthetruck.Onemanbroughtouta6. woodenbox.Hewasjustbeingabouttothrowitinto7. thetruckthenMrsGreyranoutandsaidPlease8. treatthatboxverygentle!Thatonehasallofmy9. husbandsbonesinit.Thenmanwassurprised10. thathenearlydroppeditonhisfeet.
MarysendsyoubestwishesaHappyNewYear.
Thecarruns80kilometresanhour.
Passage2 Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworldshighestrankedteams—withsomeofhighestpaidfootballplayers—couldntgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. ImverydisappointedanditstheendofabeautifulstorysaidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet.Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark. Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrancesgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheWorldCupopeningmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyearsWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofaninpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteams1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentinasfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. Fromthepassageweknow.
Passage2 Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworldshighestrankedteams—withsomeofhighestpaidfootballplayers—couldntgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. ImverydisappointedanditstheendofabeautifulstorysaidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet.Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark. Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrancesgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheWorldCupopeningmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyearsWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofaninpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteams1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentinasfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. TheplayersfromtheFrenchteam.
Passage3 Afewyearsagoitwaspopulartospeakofagenerationgapadisagreenmentbetweenyoungpeopleandtheirelders.Parentssaidthatchildrendidnotshowthemproperrespectandobediencewhilechildrencomplainedthattheirparentsdidnotunderstandthematall.WhathadgonewrongWhyhadthegenerationgapsuddenlyappearedActuallythegenerationgaphasbeenaroundforalongtime.Manypeoplearguethatagapisbuiltintothefabricofoursociety. Oneimportantcauseofthegenerationgapisthechancethatyoungpeoplehavetochoosetheirownwaysoflife.Inmoretraditionalsocietieswhenchildrengrowuptheyareexpectedtoliveinthesameareaastheirparentstomarrypeoplethattheirparentsknowandagreetoandtocontinuethefamilyoccupation.Nowadaysyoungpeopleoftentravelgreatdistancesfortheireducationmoveoutofthefamilyhomeatanearlyagemarryorlivewithpeoplewhomtheirparentshavenevermetandchooseoccupationsdifferentfromthoseoftheirparents. Inoureasilychangingsocietyparentsoftenexpecttheirchildrentodobetterthantheydid:tofindbetterjobstomakemoremoneyandtodoallthethingsthattheywereunabletodo.Oftenhoweverthestrongdesirethatparentshavefortheirchildrenareanothercauseofthedisagreementbetweenthem.Oftentheydiscoverthattheyhaveverylittleincommonwitheachother. FinallythespeedatwhichchangestakeplaceinoursocietyisanothercauseofthegapbetweenthegenerationsInatraditionalcultureelderlypeoplerevaluedfortheirwisdombutinoursocietytheknowledgeofalifetimemaybecomeoutofdateovernight.Theyoungandtheoldseemtoliveintwoverydifferentworldsseparatedbydifferentskillsandabilities. NodoubtthegenerationgapwillcontinuetobeafeatureofAmericanlifeforsometimetocome.Itscausesarerootedinthefreedomandchangesinoursocietyandintherapidspeedatwhichsocietychanges. InAmericansocietyyoungpeopleoften.
—Whenshallwemeetagain —Makeitdayyoulike.
Passage1 MrGreywasabiologyprofessorandhehad abigcollectionofextremerarebonesthathe1. wasveryproud.Oneyearhemanagedtogetabetter2. jobatanotheruniversity.Becausehewasverybusy3. hiswifemanagedalltheirthingstobetakinginatrunk4. totheirnewhome. Threemenstartedtakingthethingsoutthehouse5. andplaceditinthetruck.Onemanbroughtouta6. woodenbox.Hewasjustbeingabouttothrowitinto7. thetruckthenMrsGreyranoutandsaidPlease8. treatthatboxverygentle!Thatonehasallofmy9. husbandsbonesinit.Thenmanwassurprised10. thathenearlydroppeditonhisfeet.
Thisdevicewillhelpthedetectivesseethingsthatmayremain.
TheworkersaremakingradiosTVsetsandsomethingsinthisfactory.
Hehismotheraletteratthattime.
Passage1 MrGreywasabiologyprofessorandhehad abigcollectionofextremerarebonesthathe1. wasveryproud.Oneyearhemanagedtogetabetter2. jobatanotheruniversity.Becausehewasverybusy3. hiswifemanagedalltheirthingstobetakinginatrunk4. totheirnewhome. Threemenstartedtakingthethingsoutthehouse5. andplaceditinthetruck.Onemanbroughtouta6. woodenbox.Hewasjustbeingabouttothrowitinto7. thetruckthenMrsGreyranoutandsaidPlease8. treatthatboxverygentle!Thatonehasallofmy9. husbandsbonesinit.Thenmanwassurprised10. thathenearlydroppeditonhisfeet.
—Excusemewhereisthenearestbookshopplease —SorryIdontknow. —.
Passage2 Nobodycantellexactlywhypeoplefirstbegantousesalt11. butitiswellknownthatsalthasusedinmanydifferentways12. throughouthistory.Peoplewholivedover3000yearsagoatesalted13. fish.InancientEgyptsaltwasusedtopreservedyingbodies.14. Stealingsaltwereregardedasaseriouscrimeindifferent15. times.Inthe18thcenturyforexampleapersonwas16. caughtstealingsalthewasputintotheprison.Inthe17. RomanEmpireoneofthemostimportantroadwasbuilt18. speciallyforsalttobecarriedfromtheminestoRome. Guardsweresenttoprotectthesaltfromstolen.19. Theguardsgottheirpayinsaltfromwhichthe Englishwordsalaryoriginated.Anyguardfellasleep20. whileondutywassaidtobenotworthhissalt.This isstillusedtodayinEnglish.
MymotherlikesTVbutshedoesntlikeitnow.
Ifwedontputthemeatinthefridgeitmay.
Doyouknow
Passage2 Nobodycantellexactlywhypeoplefirstbegantousesalt11. butitiswellknownthatsalthasusedinmanydifferentways12. throughouthistory.Peoplewholivedover3000yearsagoatesalted13. fish.InancientEgyptsaltwasusedtopreservedyingbodies.14. Stealingsaltwereregardedasaseriouscrimeindifferent15. times.Inthe18thcenturyforexampleapersonwas16. caughtstealingsalthewasputintotheprison.Inthe17. RomanEmpireoneofthemostimportantroadwasbuilt18. speciallyforsalttobecarriedfromtheminestoRome. Guardsweresenttoprotectthesaltfromstolen.19. Theguardsgottheirpayinsaltfromwhichthe Englishwordsalaryoriginated.Anyguardfellasleep20. whileondutywassaidtobenotworthhissalt.This isstillusedtodayinEnglish.
Passage1 MrGreywasabiologyprofessorandhehad abigcollectionofextremerarebonesthathe1. wasveryproud.Oneyearhemanagedtogetabetter2. jobatanotheruniversity.Becausehewasverybusy3. hiswifemanagedalltheirthingstobetakinginatrunk4. totheirnewhome. Threemenstartedtakingthethingsoutthehouse5. andplaceditinthetruck.Onemanbroughtouta6. woodenbox.Hewasjustbeingabouttothrowitinto7. thetruckthenMrsGreyranoutandsaidPlease8. treatthatboxverygentle!Thatonehasallofmy9. husbandsbonesinit.Thenmanwassurprised10. thathenearlydroppeditonhisfeet.
Passage2 Nobodycantellexactlywhypeoplefirstbegantousesalt11. butitiswellknownthatsalthasusedinmanydifferentways12. throughouthistory.Peoplewholivedover3000yearsagoatesalted13. fish.InancientEgyptsaltwasusedtopreservedyingbodies.14. Stealingsaltwereregardedasaseriouscrimeindifferent15. times.Inthe18thcenturyforexampleapersonwas16. caughtstealingsalthewasputintotheprison.Inthe17. RomanEmpireoneofthemostimportantroadwasbuilt18. speciallyforsalttobecarriedfromtheminestoRome. Guardsweresenttoprotectthesaltfromstolen.19. Theguardsgottheirpayinsaltfromwhichthe Englishwordsalaryoriginated.Anyguardfellasleep20. whileondutywassaidtobenotworthhissalt.This isstillusedtodayinEnglish.
Passage2 Nobodycantellexactlywhypeoplefirstbegantousesalt11. butitiswellknownthatsalthasusedinmanydifferentways12. throughouthistory.Peoplewholivedover3000yearsagoatesalted13. fish.InancientEgyptsaltwasusedtopreservedyingbodies.14. Stealingsaltwereregardedasaseriouscrimeindifferent15. times.Inthe18thcenturyforexampleapersonwas16. caughtstealingsalthewasputintotheprison.Inthe17. RomanEmpireoneofthemostimportantroadwasbuilt18. speciallyforsalttobecarriedfromtheminestoRome. Guardsweresenttoprotectthesaltfromstolen.19. Theguardsgottheirpayinsaltfromwhichthe Englishwordsalaryoriginated.Anyguardfellasleep20. whileondutywassaidtobenotworthhissalt.This isstillusedtodayinEnglish.
Passage2 Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworldshighestrankedteams—withsomeofhighestpaidfootballplayers—couldntgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. ImverydisappointedanditstheendofabeautifulstorysaidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet.Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark. Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrancesgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheWorldCupopeningmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyearsWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofaninpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteams1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentinasfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. Argentinawasexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsbecause.
Passage1 Whenaconsumerfindsthatsomethingheorsheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptowhattheproducersaysforitthefirststepistopresentthewarrantyoranyotherrecords thatmighthelpatthestoreofbuying.Inmostcasesthisactionwillproduceresults.Howeverifitdoesnottherearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction. Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneralthehigheruptheconsumertakeshisorhercomplaintthefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacaseitisusuallysettledintheconsumersfavourtakingitastruethatheorshehasajustright. Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossiblebutiftheycannotgettotheplaceofbuyingitisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter. Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmlyandespeciallywhentheconsumercanshowclearlywhatiswrongwithwhatwasboughtinquestion.Ifthiscannotbedonetheconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrongratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.ForexampleTheleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclearisbetterthanThisstereodoesnotwork. Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetotheproducerifsotheconsumershoulddothissettingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievetheexpectedresulttheconsumercangoastepfurther.Heorshecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoapublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumersrights. Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementofhisproblemitsbettertocomplainto.
Passage3 Afewyearsagoitwaspopulartospeakofagenerationgapadisagreenmentbetweenyoungpeopleandtheirelders.Parentssaidthatchildrendidnotshowthemproperrespectandobediencewhilechildrencomplainedthattheirparentsdidnotunderstandthematall.WhathadgonewrongWhyhadthegenerationgapsuddenlyappearedActuallythegenerationgaphasbeenaroundforalongtime.Manypeoplearguethatagapisbuiltintothefabricofoursociety. Oneimportantcauseofthegenerationgapisthechancethatyoungpeoplehavetochoosetheirownwaysoflife.Inmoretraditionalsocietieswhenchildrengrowuptheyareexpectedtoliveinthesameareaastheirparentstomarrypeoplethattheirparentsknowandagreetoandtocontinuethefamilyoccupation.Nowadaysyoungpeopleoftentravelgreatdistancesfortheireducationmoveoutofthefamilyhomeatanearlyagemarryorlivewithpeoplewhomtheirparentshavenevermetandchooseoccupationsdifferentfromthoseoftheirparents. Inoureasilychangingsocietyparentsoftenexpecttheirchildrentodobetterthantheydid:tofindbetterjobstomakemoremoneyandtodoallthethingsthattheywereunabletodo.Oftenhoweverthestrongdesirethatparentshavefortheirchildrenareanothercauseofthedisagreementbetweenthem.Oftentheydiscoverthattheyhaveverylittleincommonwitheachother. FinallythespeedatwhichchangestakeplaceinoursocietyisanothercauseofthegapbetweenthegenerationsInatraditionalcultureelderlypeoplerevaluedfortheirwisdombutinoursocietytheknowledgeofalifetimemaybecomeoutofdateovernight.Theyoungandtheoldseemtoliveintwoverydifferentworldsseparatedbydifferentskillsandabilities. NodoubtthegenerationgapwillcontinuetobeafeatureofAmericanlifeforsometimetocome.Itscausesarerootedinthefreedomandchangesinoursocietyandintherapidspeedatwhichsocietychanges. ThewordaroundinParagraph1means.
Ifyouthinkofgoingtomorrowletmeknow.
Passage1 MrGreywasabiologyprofessorandhehad abigcollectionofextremerarebonesthathe1. wasveryproud.Oneyearhemanagedtogetabetter2. jobatanotheruniversity.Becausehewasverybusy3. hiswifemanagedalltheirthingstobetakinginatrunk4. totheirnewhome. Threemenstartedtakingthethingsoutthehouse5. andplaceditinthetruck.Onemanbroughtouta6. woodenbox.Hewasjustbeingabouttothrowitinto7. thetruckthenMrsGreyranoutandsaidPlease8. treatthatboxverygentle!Thatonehasallofmy9. husbandsbonesinit.Thenmanwassurprised10. thathenearlydroppeditonhisfeet.
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