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(1)有机物 按系统命名法命名: . (2)的分子式: . (3)间甲基苯乙烯的结构简式: . (4)写出制硝基苯的化学方程式: .
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高二下学期化学《》真题及答案
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按要求回答下列问题Ⅰ现有下列5种有机物①CH2=CH2②CH3C.≡CH③CH3CH2CH2OH④C
126-二甲基-4-乙基庚烷的结构简式是______________________其一氯代物有__
丙烷的分子结构可简写成键线式结构有机物
的键线式结构为
,有机物
与等物质的量的H
2
发生加成反应可得到有机物A.。下列有关说法错误的是 A.有机物A.的一氯取代物只有4种 B.用系统命名法命名有机物A.,名称为2,2,3—三甲基戊烷
有机物A.的分子式为C
8
H
18
B.的结构可能有3种,其中一种名称为3,4,4—三甲基—2—戊烯
1已知某烷烃的键线式为①该烷烃分子式为__________________②用系统命名法命名该烷烃_
丙烷的分子结构可简写成键线式结构有机物
的键线式结构为
,有机物
与等物质的量的H
2
发生加成反应可得到有机物A.下列有关说法错误的是 A.有机物A.的一氯取代物只有4种 B.用系统命名法命名有机物A.,名称为2,2,3-三甲基戊烷
有机物A.的分子式为C
8
H
18
B.的结构可能有3种,其中一种名称为3,4,4-三甲基-2-戊烯
按系统命名法填写下列有机物的名称及有关内容1名称是________2分子式为________名称是_
1mol有机物充分燃烧后只生成88gCO2和54g水下列结论正确的是
该有机物分子式为CH
3
;
该有机物分子式为C
2
H
6
;
该有机物分子式为C
2
H
6
O;
该有机物中C.H.原子个数比为1∶3,可能含有氧原子
1通常情况下为液态的分子中碳原子数最少的烷烃的俗名分别是______________________
1按系统命名法填写下面有机物的名称226二甲基4乙基辛烷的结构简式是_____________
1按系统命名法填写该有机物的名称:的名称是226-二甲基-4-乙基辛烷的结构简式是1mol该烃完全燃
丁烷的分子结构可简写成键线式结构有机物A.的键线式结构为有机物B.与等物质的量的H2发生加成反应可得
1按系统命名法填写下面有机物的名称226二甲基4乙基辛烷的结构简式是_____________
126-二甲基-4-乙基庚烷的结构简式是______________________其一氯代物有__
1mol有机物充分燃烧后只生成88gCO2和54g水下列结论正确的是
该有机物分子式为CH
3
该有机物分子式为C
2
H
6
该有机物分子式为C
2
H
6
O
该有机物中C.H.原子个数比为1:3,可能含有氧原子
丁烷的分子结构可简写成键线式结构有机物A.的键线式结构为有机物B.与等物质的量的H2发生加成反应可得
按系统命名法给下列有机物命名8分12某烃的分子式为C5H12它的一卤代物只有一种结构此烃的结构简式为
丙烷的分子结构可简写成键线式有机物
的键线式结构为
,有机物
与等物质的量的H2发生加成反应可得到有机物A.。下列有关说法不正确的是( ) A.用系统命名法命名有机物A.,名称为2-甲基戊烷 B.有机物A.的一氯取代物有4种
有机物A.的分子式为C.6H14
B.的结构可能有4种
有机物
的键线式结构为
,有机物
与等物质的量的H
2
发生加成反应可得到有机物A.。下列有关说法错误的是 ( ) A.有机物A.的分子式为C
8
H
18
B.用系统命名法命名有机物A.,名称为2,2,3-三甲基戊烷
有机物A.的一氯取代物有4种
B的可能结构有3种,其中一种名称为3,4,4-三甲基-2-戊烯
下列有机物的命名或化学术语正确的是
2-甲基-3-丁烯
乙炔的结构简式:CHCH
乙醚的分子式:C
2
H
6
O
甲基的电子式:
按系统命名法填写下列有机物的名称及有关内容1名称是__________2名称是________1mo
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1.5分Iamunconcernedwithquestionsofrzōng jiāo ormorality.
4分全副武装的警察总在__后最先到达现场的人群之中.among
8分YouAreWhatYouEatGeneticengineeringisthescientificchangeofthegeneticmaterialinalivingorganism.Itallowsscientiststoidentifyspecificgenestoremovethemfromanorganism'schromosomes染色体improvethemanalyzethemandpossiblyclonethemandtothenreinsertthechangedgeneintotheoriginalorganismoracompletelydifferentorganism.Unliketraditionalbreeding繁殖whereadesiredqualitywouldbebredwithinthesamespeciesgeneticengineeringcaninsertdesiredonesintoorganismsofdifferentspecies.Wow﹣﹣DidyoucatchthatGeneticengineeringcreatesmanypositivecontributionstoagriculture.ForexamplebygeneticallyengineeredGEfoodsanti﹣canceragentsmineralsandvitaminscanbeincreased.Improvedtasteshelflifeandbettertransportareallpossible.AlsoGEplantscanincreasepestandbacterialresistancethereforemakingthefoodsafeforconsumers.Butsomearguethatthepossiblenegativeeffectsoutweighthepositivesandcriticsarestartingtovoicetheirconcerns.UnlikeEuropeintheUnitedStateslabelingisnotrequiredongeneticallyengineeredfoodsoronfoodsthatcontaingeneticallyengineeredproducts.MostAmericansdonotrealizethattheyareinfacteatingGEfoods.Thepublicisalsoconcernedabouttheunknownhealthrisks.Withlimitedunderstandingofgenesscientistscannotpredictpossibleeffects.BecausemostgenesintroducedintoGEplantscomefromsourcesnotintroducedintothehumanbodyitisimpossibletoknowiftheywillcausereactions.Moreoverduetothelackoflabelingifallergies过敏developitwillbeextremelydifficulttofindtheoriginofthem.Thereisalsoamajormoralquestioninmanyminds.Formanytheconflictisnotifitissafeornotbutitdisturbsthembecauseitisunnaturalandunnecessary.Wearecurrentlyproducingoneandahalftimestheamountoffoodneededtofeedtheworldyetoneinsevenpeoplearestarving.GEfoodisunnecessaryandfailstoaddresstherootofhunger.Manybelievethattheonlypeoplewhowillbenefitarethecorporationsthatproduceit.ScientistscannotforeseethepossibleeffectsofGEfoodsyetweeatthemeverydaywithoutevenknowingit.WealreadyhaveenoughfoodsowhycreatemorethatcouldbepotentiallyharmfultoustotheEarthandtoallwildlifeIthinkthatthebenefitsareamazingbutuntilweknowforsurehowthesefoodswillaffectustheyarenotworththerisk.1Accordingtothepassagetraditionalbreedingisdifferentfromgeneticengineeringbecause.A.traditionalbreedingchangesthegenesinthesamespeciesB.traditionalbreedingchangesthegenesindifferentspeciesC.traditionalbreedingtakesplacewithinthesamespeciesD.traditionalbreedingismorescientific2'Thelackoflabeling'inParagraph4indicates.A.informationconcerninggenesourcesisunavailabletocustomersB.itiscurrentlypossibletofindtheoriginsofsomeallergiesC.scientiststrytohidepotentialdangersfromcustomersD.theUSgovernmentisresponsibleforGEfood3AccordingtoParagraph5GEfoodisunnecessarybecause.A.itwon'thelpsolvetheproblemofhungerintheworldB.therearepotentialdangersinproducingGEfoodC.we'renowproducingmorefoodthanbeforeD.customerswillbenefitfromGEfood4Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsgeneticengineeringA.Welcoming.B.Disapproving.C.Unconcerned.D.Optimistic.
8分DearSallyIrecentlybecameengaged.Ilovemyfiancé未婚夫alotbutwearegettingintoalotofarguments1ourweddingplans.Iwouldpreferasmallweddingjustourimmediatefamilyandclosestfriends.IthinkitissuchaspecialmomentandIonlywantthepeoplewhoaremostimportanttobenearus.Idon'twanttobesurroundedbypeoplenotreally2careaboutus.Hewantsthewholeworldtobethere﹣﹣themailcarrierthebakerthebutcher!!!Myfiancésaysaweddingdayis3importantdayinanyone'slife.Hewantstosharehisjoywitheveryone.It'snotaquestionwhetherwecanafforditalthoughIdoworryabouthowmuchaweddingcostsandIwouldrathersavethemoneyforahouse.Idislike4fightbutIjustdon'tfeelcomfortablewithhisplans.﹣﹣NervousDearNervousPlanningweddings5beverystressful.Eachpersonhasclearideasabout6hisorherperfectweddingwouldbe.Eachpersonhasdreamsandhopesforthatday.Nowitis7goodtimetopracticecompromising妥协withyourhusband﹣to﹣be.Neitheroneofyoushouldbeunhappyonyourweddingday.Ifyougetyourwayyourhusbandwillbeunhappy.Ifhegetshiswayitsounds8youwillbeunhappy.Whydon'tthetwoofyoutalkaboutacompromisePerhapsamedium﹣sizedweddingPerhapstwoweddings﹣﹣asmallintimateceremonyandalargereceptionYouwillhavetocompromisemanytimesinyourmarriedlife.Youbothcanstartnow.﹣﹣Sally
15分Onedayawolfhadabone1stickinhisthroatunexpectedlyand2suffergreatestpain.Heran3anddownaskingeveryanimalhemettoremovethebonefromhimatthesametime4suggestarewardtothesuccessfuloperator.Acrane鹤movedby5promiseventuredherlongneckdownthewolf'sthroatanddrewoutthebone.Shethenaskedforthepromisedreward.Toherquestionthewolfshowinghisteethwith6uglysmilerepliedUngratefulcreature!Youputyourheadintoawolf'smouthandtookitoutin7safe.8dareyouaskformorerewardthanthis Those9areonlyinthehopeofareturnmustnotbesurprisedwhentheycomefacetofacewithbadmen.Whattheymeetwitharemorelaughs10thanks.
10分 Youneverseehimbutthey'rewithyoueverytimeyoufly.Theyrecordwhereyouaregoinghowfastyou'retravelingandwhethereverythingonyourairplaneis1normally.Theirabilitytowithstand承受almostany2makesthemseemlikesomethingoutofamagicbook.They'reknownastheblackbox. WhenplanesfallfromtheskyasaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaOceanJune302009theblackboxisthebestbetfor3whatwentwrong.SowhenaFrenchsubmarine潜水艇detectedthedevice's4fivedayslaterthediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedyinwhich152passengerswerekilled. In1958AustralianscientistDavidWarrendevelopedaflight﹣memoryrecorderthatwould5basicinformationlikealtitudeanddirection.ThatwasthefirstmodeforablackboxwhichbecamearequirementonallU.S.6flightsby1960.Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrasheshoweversoin1965theboxwascompletelyredesignedandmovedtothebackoftheplane﹣thearealeastaffectedbyimpact﹣fromits7positioninthelandingwells起落架舱.ThesameyeartheFederalAviationAuthorityrequiredthattheboxeswhichwerenever8blackbepaintedorangeoryellowtoaidvisibility. Modernairplaneshavetwoblackboxes:avoicerecorderwhichisdesignedtotrackpilots'conversationsandaflight﹣datarecorderwhichismeantto9fuellevelsenginenoisesandotheroperatingfunctionsthathelpinvestigatorsreconstructtheaircraft'sfinalmoments.Placedinaninsulated隔绝的caseandsurroundedbyaquarter﹣inch﹣thickpanelsofstainlesssteeltheboxescanwithstandhuge10andtemperaturesupto2000℉.Whenindeepwaterthey'realsoabletosendsignalsfromdepthsof20000ft.ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447whichcrashednearBrazilonJune12009areinwaternearlythatdeepbutstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately20deep﹣seacrashesoverthepast30yearsonlyoneplane'sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.
8分Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself﹣conscious;thatistheyareconcernedabouttheirownappearanceandactionstoomuch.Negativethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:WhatkindofimpressionamImakingDotheylikemeDoIsoundstupidAmIwearingunattractiveclothesItisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustaffectpeopleunfavorably.Aperson'sself﹣conceptisreflectedinthewayheorshebehavesandthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeople'sreactions.Ingeneralthewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasadeepeffectonallareasoftheirlives.Shypeoplewhohavelowself﹣respectarelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedfaiththattheyaredoingtherightthing.Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism.Itmakesthemfeelinferior.Theyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbypraisesbecausetheybelievetheyareunworthyofpraise.Ashypersonmayrespondtoapraisewithastatementlikethisone:You'rejustsayingthattomakemefeelgoodIknowit'snottrue.Itisclearthatwhileself﹣awarenessisahealthyqualityoverdoingitisharmful.CanshynessbecompletelygotridoforatleastreducedFortunatelypeoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminationsinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithlackofselfrespect.Itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessaswellastheirstrengths.Eachoneofushashisorherowncharacteristics.Weareinterestedinourownpersonalways.Thebetterweunderstandourselvestheeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourchancesforarichandsuccessfullife.1Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.A.thecauseofshynessB.theeffectofshynessonpeopleC.thefeelingsofshypeopleD.thequestionsinthemindsofshypeople2Accordingtothewriterself﹣awarenessis.A.harmfultopeopleB.aweakpointofshypeopleC.thecauseofunhappinessD.agoodcharacteristic3Whatistheshypeople'sreactiontopraiseA.Theyarepleasedbyit.B.Theyfeelitisnottrue.C.Theyareverysensitivetoit.D.Theyfeeltheyareworthyofit.4Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatshynesscan.A.blockourchancesforasuccessfullifeB.helpustoliveuptoourfulldevelopmentC.enableustounderstandourselvesbetterD.havenothingtodowithlackofselfrespect
1.5分Thea气氛changedassoonasshewalkedin.
10分HaveyouconsideredhowyoucanplanaweekendgetawayonabudgetItisthegrowingtrendforhardworkingAmericanstotakeseveralweekendtripsoverthecourseofayearinsteadofonelargeweek﹣longvacation.Thereareavarietyofthingstoseetoanddowithoutspendingalongtimeoralotofmoneydoingit.Sohowcanyouafunandunforgettableweekendgetawaywithabudget1LeavingonThursdayswillallowmuchcheaperpricesonplaneticketshotelroomsrentalcarsandvacationpackages.Avoidtravelingonholidayweekends.PricesareraisedandthingsarebookedearlyandsoldoutonweekendsduringtheholidayssuchasMemorialDayNationalDayThanksgivingandLaborDay.2Considertravelinglastminute.Althoughitmaybehardtoplanespeciallyifchildrenareinvolvedmanyplacessuchashotelsandairlinesoffergreatdiscountedratesforlastminutebookings.3Findcheapthingstodo.Someofthesemayincludenationalorstateparksamusementparksstatefairsandcamping.Saveevenmoremoneybyfindingsomethingnearbywithindrivingdistanceinsteadofflying.Havearelaxingweekendbygettingmuchrest.Don'tcram塞满alotofthingstodointoaweekendtrip.Notonlywillthissavemoneybutitwillofferarefreshingpick﹣upandnotfindthetravelermoretiredafterthetripthanbefore.4Traveltoplacesduringdowntimes.DestinationssuchastheCaribbeanandskiresortsoffermanyfunactivitiesduringthesummerwhichisnotpeaktravelingtime.5A.Bewellpreparedbeforehand.B.Sodon'tplanaholidayweekend.C.Travelingabroadwillincreaseyourtravelcost.D.Travelinglastminutecansaveyousomemoney.E.Priceswillbemuchlowerduringthesetimes.F.StarttheweekendonThursdayinsteadofFridaytosavemoney.G.Spendtheweekendinthewoodsreadinganovelorbaskinginthesun.
6分Myson.ThephrasefeltdifficultandstrangethefirsttimeIsaiditandIhadtopracticeitathousandtimes.Istartedsayingthewordstomyselfthedaywhentheultrasound超声波toldmewewerehavingababy. Finallymysonwasborn. Thenursecameoutofthedeliveryroomholdingatinyhowlinghumanbeingwrappedinawhitesheethissmallhandsanddelicatefingersshakingnervously. BabySanchezsheaskedlookingattheroomfullofexpectantfathers. Istoodupholdingmybreath. Sheshowedmemybaby.MysonIwhispered.Thelittleguyscreamedwaaaaaaaaaah. ButinmyheartIheardhimcryoutDaaaaaaad!Idon'tcareifeveryoneintheroomwillsaytheydidn'thearmybabysaythat.IcalledhimMysonandhecalledmeDadandthat'sthat. PeopleaskmeWhatdidIfeelatthatmomentIcan'tevenbegintoanswer.I'mawriteryetItryhardtofindtherightwords.Joyfulisn'tpowerfulenough.Bliss狂喜isnotsweetenough.Peacefulisn'tcalmenough.Happyisn'ttenseenough. AftermysonwastakenawaytothenurseryIsatdownandshutmyeyes.Buttearsescapedthemaway.Thensuddenlymy80﹣year﹣oldfatherenteredandweembraced拥抱. DadIwhispered. Mysonmyheartheardhimsaying. Suddenlythepast33yearsfoldedintothepresentandIwasnowthebabybundledinwhitewithmyfatherstandingoverme. MysonIimaginedhimsaying. Daaaaaaaaaad!Icriedmylittlelungsout. AtthatpointIknewIwasgoingtobeagreatfather.Theoldmaninfrontofmeseemedtoagree.Hesmiledandwewalkedoutoftheroominsearchofthelittlehumanbeingthatwouldchangeourlivesforever. 1Theauthorcouldn'ttellhowhefeltatthemomentbecause. A.hewasawriter B.hewastooexcited C.hewastoonervous D.it'safeelingtoohardtoexpress 2WecanlearnthefollowingfromthepassageEXCEPTthat. A.theauthorgothisfirstbaby B.heprobablyhadalungdisease C.theauthordidn'treallyhearDaaaaadfromhisbaby D.thebabywouldchangetheauthor'slife 3Whywasthewritersurehewasgoingtobeagreatfather A.Becausehissonissogifted. B.Becausehehadmuchexperienceinbringingupchildren. C.Becausehisfatherpromisedtohelphim. D.Becausehisfatherhadalreadysethimagoodexample.
2分鸡蛋对我们的健康有益. Eggsareourhealth.
30分IwasshoppinginasupermarketlastnightwhenIsawahomelesswomanwithatrolley手推车fullofallherthings.Shewassittinginsidetokeep1.Iwentuptoherandtriedtogiveher2forsomethingtoeat.Shewouldn't3it.IsaidIwantedtohelpher4shesaidthatifenoughmoneywasgiventoherthatdayandshehadmoneyonherotherhomelesspeoplewould5itfromherwhilesheslept. I6thatIwantedtohelpherandaskedifIcouldbuyhersomethingwarm.7shesaidno.Shethankedmeandsaidhow8shewasthatIhadspokentoherandoffered9.WeintroducedourselvesandshesaidthatwhenIsawherthenexttimeshewould10accepthelp. Iwalkedoutintothecoldwinter11andgavethemoneytoahomelessmanwhowasfreezing.Iaskedhimhisname12IalwayswanttoknowandItoldhimmine.HappearedtohavehadadrinkingordrugproblembutIwas13thatheacceptedmyhelp. Ihadthis14thatstayedwithme.IfeltthatIhadbeeninthepresenceofsomeonereallyspecialearlier.Ialways15whatitwouldbeliketobeinahomelessperson'sshoesIknowhow16IamandhowgratefulIamforwhatI17inmylife. Ilearnedavaluable18fromtheladyImet:Notall19peoplewilltakemoneyorhelpiftheyfeelenoughhasbeengiventothemthatday.Shewasgratefulfortheday.IwillmakesureI20heragain. 1Acalm B.warm C.healthy D.energetic 2A.time B.freedom C.money D.choice 3A.take B.make C.eat D.receive 4A.and B.or C.so D.but 5A.spend B.steal C.find D.hide 6A.agreed B.wondered C.apologized D.explained 7A.Again B.Besides C.Instead D.Thus 8A.proud B.curious C.regretful D.grateful 9A.help B.food C.strength D.advice 10A.generously B.willingly C.slightly D.politely 11A.morning B.noon C.afternoon D.night 12A.unless B.when C.because D.though 13A.glad B.sure C.astonished D.puzzled 14A.hope B.feeling C.belief D.courage 15A.expect B.believe C.imagine D.remember 16A.lucky B.unique C.serious D.confident 17A.observe B.own C.support D.respect 18A.fact B.quality C.lesson D.subject 19A.lonely B.hungry C.helpless D.homeless 20A.call B.ask C.meet D.follow
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