首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads to town....
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
综合类《相同项单选集》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
阅读理解阅读下面短文简要回答所给问题TherearefivepeopleinJoe’sfamily:
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
---Marydoesn’tgoinforsportsdoesshe?----_____
No, but Joe does
Yes，but Joe doesn’t
Yes，and Joe doesn’t either
No.and Joe does too
Joecametothewindowasthecrowd{{U}}chanted{{/U}}JoeJ
repeated
jumped
maintained
fund
JoecametothewindowasthecrowdchantedJoeJoeJoe
repeated
jumped
maintained
approached
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
Joecametothewindowasthecrowd{{U}}chanted{{/U}}JoeJ
jumped
maintained
repeated
approached
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
设随机变量X～N04Y服从参数λ=0.5的指数分布CoyXY=-1令Z=X-aY已知CoyXZ=Co
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
Thisbedroomisn’t_______.
Peter’s and Joe’s
Peter and Joe’s
Peter’s and Joe
Peter and Joe
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
Tim’smother’snameisJoeking.Wecallher______
Mr. Joe
Mr. King
Mrs. King
Miss Joe
JoecametothewindowasthecrowdchantedJoeJoeJoe
repeated
jumped
maintained
approached
设随机变量X～N04Y服从参数λ=0.5的指数分布CoyXY=-1令Z=X-aY已知CoyXZ=Co
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
全肾照射TD5/5
4000cGy
1000cGy
3000cOy
2000cGy
5000cGy
Joe:Hihaveyoureadtoday’snewspaper Henry:51
热门试题
更多
TheGreatestMysteryofWhales Thewhaleisamammal哺乳动物warm-bloodedair-breathinggivingbirthtoitsyoungalivesuckingthem—andlikeallmammalsoriginatedonland.Therearemanysignsofthis. 51frontflippers鳍肢usedforsteeringandstabilityaretracesoffeet. Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhalesandinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle.Thebluewhale’spulling52hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower.Onespecimenwasreportedtohave53awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe54ofeightknots. Anenragedwhalewillattackaship.Afamous55ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssexwhichwassunk56thecoastofSouthAmericaearlyinthelastcentury.Morerecentlysteelshipshavehadtheirplatesbuckled扭曲变形inthesameway.Spermwhaleswereknownto57theold-timewhaleboatsintheirjawsandcrushthem.Thegreatestmysteryofwhalesistheirdivingability.Thespermwhalecan58thebottomforhisfavoritefoodtheoctopus章鱼.59thatsearchheisknowntogoasfardownas3200feetwherethepressureis1400poundstothesquareinch.Doing60hewillremainsubmerged水下的aslongasonehour.Twofeats绝技areinvolvedinthis:storingupenough61allwhalesareair-breathedandwithstandingthegreatchangeinpressure.Just62hedoesitscientistshavenotdetermined.Itisbelievedthatsomeoftheoxygenisstoredinaspecialsystemofbloodvesselsratherthanjustheldinthelungs.And63isbelievedthataspecialkindofoilinhisheadissomesortofcompensatingmechanismthatautomaticallyadjuststheinternalpressureofhisbody.But64youcan’tbringalivewhaleintothelaboratoryforstudynoone65justhowthesethingswork. 52.
{{*HTML*}}ReducePackaging??PressureincreasedrecentlyonBritishsupermarketsandretailerstoreducepackagingaspartofananti-wastecampaign.?46?.Britaingenerates4.6milliontonsofhouseholdwasteeveryyearbypackaging.??Dozensofpeoplehaveexpressedangerattheexcessofplasticwrapping.CampaignershavecalledonBritaintolearnfromotherEuropeancountries.?47?.Whenreturnedbottlesareputinavendingmachines自动售货机thedepositisrefunded.EnvironmentalistswarnthatBritainlagsbehindinthis.??Therewerereportsofgrowinguneaseamongconsumersovertheamountofpackagingtheyhavetodealwith.Tradestandardsofficersalsoobjecttoexcessivepackaging.?48???InresponsetoacampaignbyBritain’sTheIndependentnewspaperleadingsupermarketshavepointedtovariousinitiativestowinthepublicconfidence.?49???Butcampaignerssaidretailersandthegovernmentcouldlearnmuchfromanti-wastepracticesontheContinent.InSwedennon-recyclablebatterieshavebeentaxedsince1991toencourageaswitchtoalternatives.?50?InGermanyplasticbagsareunheardofinsupermarketsanddepositsarepaidforreusableplasticandglassbeveragebottles.A．Ifaproductisoverpackageddon’tbuyit.B．InBelgiumwhenyoubuysomethinginaplasticorglasscontaineryoumakeadeposit.C．Thisisbecausetoomuchpaddingcangivebuyersafalseimpressionofwhattheyarebuying.D．Thishasresultedina74percentreductioninsales.E．Tescosaiditwassaving112000tonsofcardboardayearbyswitchingtoreusableplasticcrates装货箱fortransportingitsfreshproduce.F.ThecampaignwasinitiatedbyTheIndependentnewspaper.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????????????Ford1?Ford’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess—notinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompanyhewasaworkerknownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891.AlthoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobiletheModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.2?Thecompany’sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica’sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive高速运转.InsteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentirecarFord’sfriendswhoweregreattoolmakersfromScotlandorganizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord’sHighlandParkplantwashumming嗡嗡作响alongin1914theworld’sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.3?ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5-a-dayminimumwageschemethegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fore9-hourshift.FordnotonlydoubledthathealsotookanhourofftheWorkday.In.thoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn’tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplananeconomiccrimeandcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.4?Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord’sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible可及的toall.ThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostspercarthehigherwagesdidn’tmatter—exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.Ford’scarsbecameavailabletoordinarypeoplethanksto______
TheGreatestMysteryofWhales Thewhaleisamammal哺乳动物warm-bloodedair-breathinggivingbirthtoitsyoungalivesuckingthem—andlikeallmammalsoriginatedonland.Therearemanysignsofthis. 51frontflippers鳍肢usedforsteeringandstabilityaretracesoffeet. Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhalesandinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle.Thebluewhale’spulling52hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower.Onespecimenwasreportedtohave53awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe54ofeightknots. Anenragedwhalewillattackaship.Afamous55ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssexwhichwassunk56thecoastofSouthAmericaearlyinthelastcentury.Morerecentlysteelshipshavehadtheirplatesbuckled扭曲变形inthesameway.Spermwhaleswereknownto57theold-timewhaleboatsintheirjawsandcrushthem.Thegreatestmysteryofwhalesistheirdivingability.Thespermwhalecan58thebottomforhisfavoritefoodtheoctopus章鱼.59thatsearchheisknowntogoasfardownas3200feetwherethepressureis1400poundstothesquareinch.Doing60hewillremainsubmerged水下的aslongasonehour.Twofeats绝技areinvolvedinthis:storingupenough61allwhalesareair-breathedandwithstandingthegreatchangeinpressure.Just62hedoesitscientistshavenotdetermined.Itisbelievedthatsomeoftheoxygenisstoredinaspecialsystemofbloodvesselsratherthanjustheldinthelungs.And63isbelievedthataspecialkindofoilinhisheadissomesortofcompensatingmechanismthatautomaticallyadjuststheinternalpressureofhisbody.But64youcan’tbringalivewhaleintothelaboratoryforstudynoone65justhowthesethingswork. 56.
Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.
TheGreatestMysteryofWhales Thewhaleisamammal哺乳动物warm-bloodedair-breathinggivingbirthtoitsyoungalivesuckingthem—andlikeallmammalsoriginatedonland.Therearemanysignsofthis. 51frontflippers鳍肢usedforsteeringandstabilityaretracesoffeet. Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhalesandinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle.Thebluewhale’spulling52hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower.Onespecimenwasreportedtohave53awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe54ofeightknots. Anenragedwhalewillattackaship.Afamous55ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssexwhichwassunk56thecoastofSouthAmericaearlyinthelastcentury.Morerecentlysteelshipshavehadtheirplatesbuckled扭曲变形inthesameway.Spermwhaleswereknownto57theold-timewhaleboatsintheirjawsandcrushthem.Thegreatestmysteryofwhalesistheirdivingability.Thespermwhalecan58thebottomforhisfavoritefoodtheoctopus章鱼.59thatsearchheisknowntogoasfardownas3200feetwherethepressureis1400poundstothesquareinch.Doing60hewillremainsubmerged水下的aslongasonehour.Twofeats绝技areinvolvedinthis:storingupenough61allwhalesareair-breathedandwithstandingthegreatchangeinpressure.Just62hedoesitscientistshavenotdetermined.Itisbelievedthatsomeoftheoxygenisstoredinaspecialsystemofbloodvesselsratherthanjustheldinthelungs.And63isbelievedthataspecialkindofoilinhisheadissomesortofcompensatingmechanismthatautomaticallyadjuststheinternalpressureofhisbody.But64youcan’tbringalivewhaleintothelaboratoryforstudynoone65justhowthesethingswork. 54.
InSportsRedistheWinningColor Whenopponentsofagameareequallymatchedtheteamdressedinredismorelikelytowinaccordingtoanewstudy. BritishanthropologistsRussellHillandRobertBartonoftheUniversityofDurhamreachedthatconclusionbystudyingtheoutcomesofone-on-oneboxingtaekwondoGreco-Roman-wrestingandfreestyle-wrestlingmatchesatthe2004SummerOlympicsinAthensGreece. IneacheventOlympicstaffrandomlyassignedredorblueclothingorbodyprotectiontocompetitors.Whenotherwiseequallymatchedwiththeiropponentinfitnessandskillathleteswearingredweremorelikelytowinthebout. "Wheretherewasalargepointdifference—presumablybecauseonecontestantwasfarsuperiortotheother—colorhadnoeffectontheoutcome"Bartonsaid."Wheretherewasasmallpointdifferencetheeffectofcolorwassufficienttotipthebalance." Inequallymatchedboutsthepreponderanceofredwinswasgreatenoughthatitcouldnotbeattributedtochancetheanthropologistssay.HillandBartonfoundsimilarresultsinareviewofthecolorswornattheEuro2004internationalsoccertournament.Theirreportwillbepublishedintomorrow’sissueofthejournalNature. JoannaSetchellaprimateresearcherattheUniversityofCambridgeinEnglandhasfoundsimilarresultsinnature.HerworkwiththelargeAfricanmonkeysknownasmandrillsshowsthatredcolorationgivesmalesanadvantagewhenitcomestomating. Thefindingthatredalsohasanadvantageinhumansportingeventsdoesnotsurpriseheraddingthat"theideaofthestudyisveryclever." HillandBartongottheideafortheirstudyoutofamutualinterestintheevolutionofsexualsignalsinprimates—"redseemstobethecoloracrossspeciesthatsignalsmaledominanceandtestosteronelevels"Bartonsaid. ForexamplestudiesbySetchelltheCambridgeprimateresearchershowthatdominantmalemandrillshaveincreasedredcolorationintheirfacesandrumps.Anotherstudybyotherscientistsshowsthatredplasticringsexperimentallyplacedonthelegsofmalezebrafinchesincreasethebirds’dominance. BartonsaidheandHillspeculatedsomespeculatedthat"theremightbeasimilareffectinhumans.Andifsoitcouldbeapparentinsportingcontests." Thepairsaytheirresultsindicatethatsexualselectionmayhaveinfluencedtheevolutionofhumans’responsetocolor. Setchelltheprimatologistagrees."AsHillandBartonsayhumansreddenwhenweareangryandpalewhenwe’rescared.Theseareveryimportantsignalstootherindividuals"shesaid. Theadvantageofredmaybeintuitivelyknownjudgingfromtheprevalenceofreduniformsinsports—"thoughitisclearlynotverywidelyappreciatedonaconsciouslevelatleast"Bartonsaid. Headdsthatthefindingofred’sadvantagemighthaveimplicationsforregulationsthatgovernsportingattire.IntheOlympicmatcheshesurveyedforthenewstudyforexampleitispossiblesomemedalwinnersmayhavereachedthepedestalwithanunintendedadvantage. "Thatistheimplicationthoughwecannotsaythatitmadethedifferenceinanyonespecificcase"Bartonsaid. MeanwhileSetchellnoted—tongue-in-cheek—thataredadvantagemaynotbelimitedtosports."Goingbytherecent[U.S.]electionresultsredisindeedquitesuccessful"shesaid. Redisnotanadvantageforzebrafinches.
TheOnlyWayIsUpThinkofamodemcityandthefirstimagethatcometomindistheskyline.Itisfullofgreatbuildingspointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistruethatsomecitiesdon’tpermitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.Butthesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefirstthinganycitydoeswhenitwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers.Whenpeoplegathertogetherincitiestheycreateademandforland.Sincecitiesareplaceswheremoneyismadethatdemandcanbemet.Andthebestwaytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossibleinaspacethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Buttheheightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmallenoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpectedtoclimbamountainattheendoftheirjourneytoworkorhome.ElishaOtisaUSinventorwasthemanwhobroughtusthelift-orelevatorashepreferredtocallit.Howevermostofthetechnologyisveryold.LiftsworkusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengineanddeveloptheelevatorbrakewhichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.ItwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinventionInfacthespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgroundsgivingpeoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitectsandbuilders.Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginaliftissuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologistsandotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfundliftsfascinating.Thereasonissimple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycangettothatwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.Itbreaksalltheusualconventionsaboutthebubbleofpersonalspacewecarryaroundwithus—andyoujustcan’tchoosetomoveawaysaysworkplacepsychologistGaryFitzgibbon.Beingtrappedinthissettingcancreatedifferenttypesoftensionshesays.Somepeoplearescaredofthem.Othersusethemasanopportunitytogetclosetotheboss.Somestandclosetothedoor.Othershideinthecorners.Mostpeopletryandshrinkintothebackground.Butsomebehaveinawaythatmakesothersnoticethem.ThereareafewpeoplewhojuststandinacornertakingnotesDon’tworryaboutthem.Theyareprobablyfromauniversity.Thedifficultyinconstructingtallbuildingsinthe19thcenturyliesin
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????????????Ford1?Ford’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess—notinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompanyhewasaworkerknownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891.AlthoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobiletheModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.2?Thecompany’sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica’sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive高速运转.InsteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentirecarFord’sfriendswhoweregreattoolmakersfromScotlandorganizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord’sHighlandParkplantwashumming嗡嗡作响alongin1914theworld’sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.3?ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5-a-dayminimumwageschemethegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fore9-hourshift.FordnotonlydoubledthathealsotookanhourofftheWorkday.In.thoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn’tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplananeconomiccrimeandcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.4?Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord’sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible可及的toall.ThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostspercarthehigherwagesdidn’tmatter—exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.Paragraph3______
{{*HTML*}}1?FromBuckinghamPalacetoOxfordtheUKisloadedwithwonderfulicons标志ofpasteras.Butithasalsomodernizedwithconfidence.It’snowbetterknownforvibrant充满活力的citieswithgreatnightlifeandattraction.Fashionsfinediningclubbingshopping-theUKisamongtheworld’sbest.??2?MostpeoplehavestrongpreconceptionsabouttheBritish.Butifyou’reoneofthesepeopleyou’dbewisetoabandonthoseideas.VisitanightclubinoneofthebigcitiesafootballmatchoragoodlocalpubandyoumightmorereadilydescribetheEnglishpeopleashumorousandhospitable.It’scertainlytruethatnoothercountryintheworldhasmorebird-watcherssportssupporterspetownersandgardenersthantheUK.??3?GettingaroundEnglandisprettyeasy.Budget廉价的airlineslikeEasyjetandRynnairflydomestically.Trainscandeliveryouveryefficientlyfromonemajorcitytoanother.Longdistanceexpressbusesarecalledcoaches.Wherecoachesandbusesrunonthesameroutecoachesaremoreexpensivethoughquickerthanbuses.London’sfamousblackcabsareexcellentbutexpensive.Minicabsarecheapercompetitorswithfreelance个体的drivers.Butusuallyyouneedtogiveacallfirst.London’sundergroundiscalledtheTube.It’sveryconvenientandcangetyoutoalmostanypartofthecity.??4?TheUKisnotfamousforitsfood.ButyoustillneedtoknowsomeofthetraditionalEnglishfoods.Themostfamousmustbefishandchips.ThefishandchipsaredeepfriedinflourEnglishbreakfastissomethingyouneedtotry.Itisfriedbaconsausagesfriedeggsblackpuddingfriedtomatoesfriedbreadandbakedbeanswithtoastandapotoftea.Otherthingslikeshepherd’spieandYorkshirepuddingarealsowell-knownasapartofEnglishfoodculture.??5?PubbingandclubbingarethemainformsofEnglishnightlifeespeciallyfortheyoung.Pubbingmeansgoingtoapubwithfriendshavingdrinksandchatting.Clubbingisdifferentfrompubbingandincludesgoingtoapuboraplaceofmusicorabaroranyotherplacestogatherwithfriends.Clubbingcanbefoundeverywhere.Usuallythereissomekindofdresscodeforclubbingsuchasnojeansnosportswearorsmartclubwearwhilepubbingismuchmorecasual.A．EducationB．PeopleC．TransportD．DrinksE.FoodF.NightlifeParagraph2______
SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgoIfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugeneFodoritwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwritinghasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecordedtimeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneystostrangeandexoticlocales.OneoftheearliesttravelwritersaGreekgeographerandhistoriannamedStrabolivedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveledfromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopiahealsouseddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthecitiespeoplescustomsandgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknownworldofhistime.TwootherclassictravelwriterstheItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccanIbnBattutahlivedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledtoChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16or17yearsvisitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarcoreturnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirsincludingstorieshehadheardfromotherstoascribewiththeresultingbook[[millionebeinganinstantsuccess.ThoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesaysMarco’sbookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.IbnBattutah’sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourneytoMeccain1325andduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountrieswhereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccountofdesertjourneyscourtintriguesandeventheeffectoftheBlackDeathinthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimatedthatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75000miles.Thebooksofthethreewriterswerepopularbecause______
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????????????Ford1?Ford’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess—notinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompanyhewasaworkerknownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891.AlthoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobiletheModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.2?Thecompany’sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica’sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive高速运转.InsteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentirecarFord’sfriendswhoweregreattoolmakersfromScotlandorganizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord’sHighlandParkplantwashumming嗡嗡作响alongin1914theworld’sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.3?ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5-a-dayminimumwageschemethegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fore9-hourshift.FordnotonlydoubledthathealsotookanhourofftheWorkday.In.thoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn’tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplananeconomiccrimeandcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.4?Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord’sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible可及的toall.ThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostspercarthehigherwagesdidn’tmatter—exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.{{*HTML*}}Theassemblylinemadeitpossibleto______A.criticizedbythemediaB.thelowwageintheautoindustryC.theirlowerpricesD.producecarsinlargenumbersE.the8-hourshiftF.combinedtechnologyandmarket
{{*HTML*}}ReducePackaging??PressureincreasedrecentlyonBritishsupermarketsandretailerstoreducepackagingaspartofananti-wastecampaign.?46?.Britaingenerates4.6milliontonsofhouseholdwasteeveryyearbypackaging.??Dozensofpeoplehaveexpressedangerattheexcessofplasticwrapping.CampaignershavecalledonBritaintolearnfromotherEuropeancountries.?47?.Whenreturnedbottlesareputinavendingmachines自动售货机thedepositisrefunded.EnvironmentalistswarnthatBritainlagsbehindinthis.??Therewerereportsofgrowinguneaseamongconsumersovertheamountofpackagingtheyhavetodealwith.Tradestandardsofficersalsoobjecttoexcessivepackaging.?48???InresponsetoacampaignbyBritain’sTheIndependentnewspaperleadingsupermarketshavepointedtovariousinitiativestowinthepublicconfidence.?49???Butcampaignerssaidretailersandthegovernmentcouldlearnmuchfromanti-wastepracticesontheContinent.InSwedennon-recyclablebatterieshavebeentaxedsince1991toencourageaswitchtoalternatives.?50?InGermanyplasticbagsareunheardofinsupermarketsanddepositsarepaidforreusableplasticandglassbeveragebottles.A．Ifaproductisoverpackageddon’tbuyit.B．InBelgiumwhenyoubuysomethinginaplasticorglasscontaineryoumakeadeposit.C．Thisisbecausetoomuchpaddingcangivebuyersafalseimpressionofwhattheyarebuying.D．Thishasresultedina74percentreductioninsales.E．Tescosaiditwassaving112000tonsofcardboardayearbyswitchingtoreusableplasticcrates装货箱fortransportingitsfreshproduce.F.ThecampaignwasinitiatedbyTheIndependentnewspaper.
SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgoIfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugeneFodoritwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwritinghasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecordedtimeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneystostrangeandexoticlocales.OneoftheearliesttravelwritersaGreekgeographerandhistoriannamedStrabolivedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveledfromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopiahealsouseddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthecitiespeoplescustomsandgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknownworldofhistime.TwootherclassictravelwriterstheItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccanIbnBattutahlivedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledtoChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16or17yearsvisitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarcoreturnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirsincludingstorieshehadheardfromotherstoascribewiththeresultingbook[[millionebeinganinstantsuccess.ThoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesaysMarco’sbookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.IbnBattutah’sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourneytoMeccain1325andduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountrieswhereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccountofdesertjourneyscourtintriguesandeventheeffectoftheBlackDeathinthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimatedthatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75000miles.Inthispassageattestmeansto______
Itwasafascinatingpaintingwithcleveruseofcolorandlight.
InSportsRedistheWinningColor Whenopponentsofagameareequallymatchedtheteamdressedinredismorelikelytowinaccordingtoanewstudy. BritishanthropologistsRussellHillandRobertBartonoftheUniversityofDurhamreachedthatconclusionbystudyingtheoutcomesofone-on-oneboxingtaekwondoGreco-Roman-wrestingandfreestyle-wrestlingmatchesatthe2004SummerOlympicsinAthensGreece. IneacheventOlympicstaffrandomlyassignedredorblueclothingorbodyprotectiontocompetitors.Whenotherwiseequallymatchedwiththeiropponentinfitnessandskillathleteswearingredweremorelikelytowinthebout. "Wheretherewasalargepointdifference—presumablybecauseonecontestantwasfarsuperiortotheother—colorhadnoeffectontheoutcome"Bartonsaid."Wheretherewasasmallpointdifferencetheeffectofcolorwassufficienttotipthebalance." Inequallymatchedboutsthepreponderanceofredwinswasgreatenoughthatitcouldnotbeattributedtochancetheanthropologistssay.HillandBartonfoundsimilarresultsinareviewofthecolorswornattheEuro2004internationalsoccertournament.Theirreportwillbepublishedintomorrow’sissueofthejournalNature. JoannaSetchellaprimateresearcherattheUniversityofCambridgeinEnglandhasfoundsimilarresultsinnature.HerworkwiththelargeAfricanmonkeysknownasmandrillsshowsthatredcolorationgivesmalesanadvantagewhenitcomestomating. Thefindingthatredalsohasanadvantageinhumansportingeventsdoesnotsurpriseheraddingthat"theideaofthestudyisveryclever." HillandBartongottheideafortheirstudyoutofamutualinterestintheevolutionofsexualsignalsinprimates—"redseemstobethecoloracrossspeciesthatsignalsmaledominanceandtestosteronelevels"Bartonsaid. ForexamplestudiesbySetchelltheCambridgeprimateresearchershowthatdominantmalemandrillshaveincreasedredcolorationintheirfacesandrumps.Anotherstudybyotherscientistsshowsthatredplasticringsexperimentallyplacedonthelegsofmalezebrafinchesincreasethebirds’dominance. BartonsaidheandHillspeculatedsomespeculatedthat"theremightbeasimilareffectinhumans.Andifsoitcouldbeapparentinsportingcontests." Thepairsaytheirresultsindicatethatsexualselectionmayhaveinfluencedtheevolutionofhumans’responsetocolor. Setchelltheprimatologistagrees."AsHillandBartonsayhumansreddenwhenweareangryandpalewhenwe’rescared.Theseareveryimportantsignalstootherindividuals"shesaid. Theadvantageofredmaybeintuitivelyknownjudgingfromtheprevalenceofreduniformsinsports—"thoughitisclearlynotverywidelyappreciatedonaconsciouslevelatleast"Bartonsaid. Headdsthatthefindingofred’sadvantagemighthaveimplicationsforregulationsthatgovernsportingattire.IntheOlympicmatcheshesurveyedforthenewstudyforexampleitispossiblesomemedalwinnersmayhavereachedthepedestalwithanunintendedadvantage. "Thatistheimplicationthoughwecannotsaythatitmadethedifferenceinanyonespecificcase"Bartonsaid. MeanwhileSetchellnoted—tongue-in-cheek—thataredadvantagemaynotbelimitedtosports."Goingbytherecent[U.S.]electionresultsredisindeedquitesuccessful"shesaid. HillandBartonarebothinterestedinprimates.
Theboyswerecharmedbythesailor'stalesofadventure.
SincetheGreatDepressiontheUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotectedfarmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.
TheGreatestMysteryofWhales Thewhaleisamammal哺乳动物warm-bloodedair-breathinggivingbirthtoitsyoungalivesuckingthem—andlikeallmammalsoriginatedonland.Therearemanysignsofthis. 51frontflippers鳍肢usedforsteeringandstabilityaretracesoffeet. Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhalesandinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle.Thebluewhale’spulling52hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower.Onespecimenwasreportedtohave53awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe54ofeightknots. Anenragedwhalewillattackaship.Afamous55ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssexwhichwassunk56thecoastofSouthAmericaearlyinthelastcentury.Morerecentlysteelshipshavehadtheirplatesbuckled扭曲变形inthesameway.Spermwhaleswereknownto57theold-timewhaleboatsintheirjawsandcrushthem.Thegreatestmysteryofwhalesistheirdivingability.Thespermwhalecan58thebottomforhisfavoritefoodtheoctopus章鱼.59thatsearchheisknowntogoasfardownas3200feetwherethepressureis1400poundstothesquareinch.Doing60hewillremainsubmerged水下的aslongasonehour.Twofeats绝技areinvolvedinthis:storingupenough61allwhalesareair-breathedandwithstandingthegreatchangeinpressure.Just62hedoesitscientistshavenotdetermined.Itisbelievedthatsomeoftheoxygenisstoredinaspecialsystemofbloodvesselsratherthanjustheldinthelungs.And63isbelievedthataspecialkindofoilinhisheadissomesortofcompensatingmechanismthatautomaticallyadjuststheinternalpressureofhisbody.But64youcan’tbringalivewhaleintothelaboratoryforstudynoone65justhowthesethingswork. 60.
DifferencesofPolicemenRealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyerandwhatismorehehastoapplyitonhisfeetinthedarkandrainrunningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentinchattinghewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmil-lionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsadunimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupidpettycrimes.Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrestedthestoryisover.Inreallifefindingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.Havingmadeanarrestadetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferenceevidence.Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:firstasmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw;secondlyasexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Ifthedetectivehastodeceivetheworldtheworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit—ofcitizenssocialworkersdoctorslaw-makersandjudgeswhoinsteadofeliminatingcrimepunishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresultdetectivesfeelisthatninetenthsoftheirworkisrecatchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.Thismakesthemrathercynical.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage______.
SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgoIfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugeneFodoritwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwritinghasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecordedtimeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneystostrangeandexoticlocales.OneoftheearliesttravelwritersaGreekgeographerandhistoriannamedStrabolivedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveledfromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopiahealsouseddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthecitiespeoplescustomsandgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknownworldofhistime.TwootherclassictravelwriterstheItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccanIbnBattutahlivedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledtoChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16or17yearsvisitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarcoreturnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirsincludingstorieshehadheardfromotherstoascribewiththeresultingbook[[millionebeinganinstantsuccess.ThoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesaysMarco’sbookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.IbnBattutah’sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourneytoMeccain1325andduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountrieswhereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccountofdesertjourneyscourtintriguesandeventheeffectoftheBlackDeathinthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimatedthatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75000miles.Thispassageismostlyabout______
DifferencesofPolicemenRealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyerandwhatismorehehastoapplyitonhisfeetinthedarkandrainrunningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentinchattinghewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmil-lionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsadunimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupidpettycrimes.Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrestedthestoryisover.Inreallifefindingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.Havingmadeanarrestadetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferenceevidence.Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:firstasmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw;secondlyasexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Ifthedetectivehastodeceivetheworldtheworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit—ofcitizenssocialworkersdoctorslaw-makersandjudgeswhoinsteadofeliminatingcrimepunishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresultdetectivesfeelisthatninetenthsoftheirworkisrecatchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.Thismakesthemrathercynical.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache______.
Chargesforlocaltelephonecallsareoutrageous.
{{*HTML*}}1?FromBuckinghamPalacetoOxfordtheUKisloadedwithwonderfulicons标志ofpasteras.Butithasalsomodernizedwithconfidence.It’snowbetterknownforvibrant充满活力的citieswithgreatnightlifeandattraction.Fashionsfinediningclubbingshopping-theUKisamongtheworld’sbest.??2?MostpeoplehavestrongpreconceptionsabouttheBritish.Butifyou’reoneofthesepeopleyou’dbewisetoabandonthoseideas.VisitanightclubinoneofthebigcitiesafootballmatchoragoodlocalpubandyoumightmorereadilydescribetheEnglishpeopleashumorousandhospitable.It’scertainlytruethatnoothercountryintheworldhasmorebird-watcherssportssupporterspetownersandgardenersthantheUK.??3?GettingaroundEnglandisprettyeasy.Budget廉价的airlineslikeEasyjetandRynnairflydomestically.Trainscandeliveryouveryefficientlyfromonemajorcitytoanother.Longdistanceexpressbusesarecalledcoaches.Wherecoachesandbusesrunonthesameroutecoachesaremoreexpensivethoughquickerthanbuses.London’sfamousblackcabsareexcellentbutexpensive.Minicabsarecheapercompetitorswithfreelance个体的drivers.Butusuallyyouneedtogiveacallfirst.London’sundergroundiscalledtheTube.It’sveryconvenientandcangetyoutoalmostanypartofthecity.??4?TheUKisnotfamousforitsfood.ButyoustillneedtoknowsomeofthetraditionalEnglishfoods.Themostfamousmustbefishandchips.ThefishandchipsaredeepfriedinflourEnglishbreakfastissomethingyouneedtotry.Itisfriedbaconsausagesfriedeggsblackpuddingfriedtomatoesfriedbreadandbakedbeanswithtoastandapotoftea.Otherthingslikeshepherd’spieandYorkshirepuddingarealsowell-knownasapartofEnglishfoodculture.??5?PubbingandclubbingarethemainformsofEnglishnightlifeespeciallyfortheyoung.Pubbingmeansgoingtoapubwithfriendshavingdrinksandchatting.Clubbingisdifferentfrompubbingandincludesgoingtoapuboraplaceofmusicorabaroranyotherplacestogatherwithfriends.Clubbingcanbefoundeverywhere.Usuallythereissomekindofdresscodeforclubbingsuchasnojeansnosportswearorsmartclubwearwhilepubbingismuchmorecasual.A．EducationB．PeopleC．TransportD．DrinksE.FoodF.NightlifeParagraph4______
TheGreatestMysteryofWhales Thewhaleisamammal哺乳动物warm-bloodedair-breathinggivingbirthtoitsyoungalivesuckingthem—andlikeallmammalsoriginatedonland.Therearemanysignsofthis. 51frontflippers鳍肢usedforsteeringandstabilityaretracesoffeet. Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhalesandinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle.Thebluewhale’spulling52hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower.Onespecimenwasreportedtohave53awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe54ofeightknots. Anenragedwhalewillattackaship.Afamous55ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssexwhichwassunk56thecoastofSouthAmericaearlyinthelastcentury.Morerecentlysteelshipshavehadtheirplatesbuckled扭曲变形inthesameway.Spermwhaleswereknownto57theold-timewhaleboatsintheirjawsandcrushthem.Thegreatestmysteryofwhalesistheirdivingability.Thespermwhalecan58thebottomforhisfavoritefoodtheoctopus章鱼.59thatsearchheisknowntogoasfardownas3200feetwherethepressureis1400poundstothesquareinch.Doing60hewillremainsubmerged水下的aslongasonehour.Twofeats绝技areinvolvedinthis:storingupenough61allwhalesareair-breathedandwithstandingthegreatchangeinpressure.Just62hedoesitscientistshavenotdetermined.Itisbelievedthatsomeoftheoxygenisstoredinaspecialsystemofbloodvesselsratherthanjustheldinthelungs.And63isbelievedthataspecialkindofoilinhisheadissomesortofcompensatingmechanismthatautomaticallyadjuststheinternalpressureofhisbody.But64youcan’tbringalivewhaleintothelaboratoryforstudynoone65justhowthesethingswork. 58.
InSportsRedistheWinningColor Whenopponentsofagameareequallymatchedtheteamdressedinredismorelikelytowinaccordingtoanewstudy. BritishanthropologistsRussellHillandRobertBartonoftheUniversityofDurhamreachedthatconclusionbystudyingtheoutcomesofone-on-oneboxingtaekwondoGreco-Roman-wrestingandfreestyle-wrestlingmatchesatthe2004SummerOlympicsinAthensGreece. IneacheventOlympicstaffrandomlyassignedredorblueclothingorbodyprotectiontocompetitors.Whenotherwiseequallymatchedwiththeiropponentinfitnessandskillathleteswearingredweremorelikelytowinthebout. "Wheretherewasalargepointdifference—presumablybecauseonecontestantwasfarsuperiortotheother—colorhadnoeffectontheoutcome"Bartonsaid."Wheretherewasasmallpointdifferencetheeffectofcolorwassufficienttotipthebalance." Inequallymatchedboutsthepreponderanceofredwinswasgreatenoughthatitcouldnotbeattributedtochancetheanthropologistssay.HillandBartonfoundsimilarresultsinareviewofthecolorswornattheEuro2004internationalsoccertournament.Theirreportwillbepublishedintomorrow’sissueofthejournalNature. JoannaSetchellaprimateresearcherattheUniversityofCambridgeinEnglandhasfoundsimilarresultsinnature.HerworkwiththelargeAfricanmonkeysknownasmandrillsshowsthatredcolorationgivesmalesanadvantagewhenitcomestomating. Thefindingthatredalsohasanadvantageinhumansportingeventsdoesnotsurpriseheraddingthat"theideaofthestudyisveryclever." HillandBartongottheideafortheirstudyoutofamutualinterestintheevolutionofsexualsignalsinprimates—"redseemstobethecoloracrossspeciesthatsignalsmaledominanceandtestosteronelevels"Bartonsaid. ForexamplestudiesbySetchelltheCambridgeprimateresearchershowthatdominantmalemandrillshaveincreasedredcolorationintheirfacesandrumps.Anotherstudybyotherscientistsshowsthatredplasticringsexperimentallyplacedonthelegsofmalezebrafinchesincreasethebirds’dominance. BartonsaidheandHillspeculatedsomespeculatedthat"theremightbeasimilareffectinhumans.Andifsoitcouldbeapparentinsportingcontests." Thepairsaytheirresultsindicatethatsexualselectionmayhaveinfluencedtheevolutionofhumans’responsetocolor. Setchelltheprimatologistagrees."AsHillandBartonsayhumansreddenwhenweareangryandpalewhenwe’rescared.Theseareveryimportantsignalstootherindividuals"shesaid. Theadvantageofredmaybeintuitivelyknownjudgingfromtheprevalenceofreduniformsinsports—"thoughitisclearlynotverywidelyappreciatedonaconsciouslevelatleast"Bartonsaid. Headdsthatthefindingofred’sadvantagemighthaveimplicationsforregulationsthatgovernsportingattire.IntheOlympicmatcheshesurveyedforthenewstudyforexampleitispossiblesomemedalwinnersmayhavereachedthepedestalwithanunintendedadvantage. "Thatistheimplicationthoughwecannotsaythatitmadethedifferenceinanyonespecificcase"Bartonsaid. MeanwhileSetchellnoted—tongue-in-cheek—thataredadvantagemaynotbelimitedtosports."Goingbytherecent[U.S.]electionresultsredisindeedquitesuccessful"shesaid. HillandBartonbelieveathletesinredaremorelikelytowin.
{{*HTML*}}??????????????????????????????Ford1?Ford’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess—notinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompanyhewasaworkerknownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891.AlthoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobiletheModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.2?Thecompany’sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica’sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive高速运转.InsteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentirecarFord’sfriendswhoweregreattoolmakersfromScotlandorganizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord’sHighlandParkplantwashumming嗡嗡作响alongin1914theworld’sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.3?ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5-a-dayminimumwageschemethegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fore9-hourshift.FordnotonlydoubledthathealsotookanhourofftheWorkday.In.thoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn’tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplananeconomiccrimeandcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.4?Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord’sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible可及的toall.ThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostspercarthehigherwagesdidn’tmatter—exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.{{*HTML*}}Paragraph1______A.Ford’sopponentsB.TheassemblylineC.Ford’sgreatdreamD.TheestablishmentofthecompanyE.Ford’sbiggestcontributionF.Ford’sgreattalent
ThetwoboysinChicagowere.
TheOnlyWayIsUpThinkofamodemcityandthefirstimagethatcometomindistheskyline.Itisfullofgreatbuildingspointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistruethatsomecitiesdon’tpermitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.Butthesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefirstthinganycitydoeswhenitwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers.Whenpeoplegathertogetherincitiestheycreateademandforland.Sincecitiesareplaceswheremoneyismadethatdemandcanbemet.Andthebestwaytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossibleinaspacethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Buttheheightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmallenoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpectedtoclimbamountainattheendoftheirjourneytoworkorhome.ElishaOtisaUSinventorwasthemanwhobroughtusthelift-orelevatorashepreferredtocallit.Howevermostofthetechnologyisveryold.LiftsworkusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengineanddeveloptheelevatorbrakewhichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.ItwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinventionInfacthespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgroundsgivingpeoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitectsandbuilders.Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginaliftissuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologistsandotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfundliftsfascinating.Thereasonissimple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycangettothatwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.Itbreaksalltheusualconventionsaboutthebubbleofpersonalspacewecarryaroundwithus—andyoujustcan’tchoosetomoveawaysaysworkplacepsychologistGaryFitzgibbon.Beingtrappedinthissettingcancreatedifferenttypesoftensionshesays.Somepeoplearescaredofthem.Othersusethemasanopportunitytogetclosetotheboss.Somestandclosetothedoor.Othershideinthecorners.Mostpeopletryandshrinkintothebackground.Butsomebehaveinawaythatmakesothersnoticethem.ThereareafewpeoplewhojuststandinacornertakingnotesDon’tworryaboutthem.Theyareprobablyfromauniversity.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexperienceofgoinginaliftnow
{{*HTML*}}ReducePackaging??PressureincreasedrecentlyonBritishsupermarketsandretailerstoreducepackagingaspartofananti-wastecampaign.?46?.Britaingenerates4.6milliontonsofhouseholdwasteeveryyearbypackaging.??Dozensofpeoplehaveexpressedangerattheexcessofplasticwrapping.CampaignershavecalledonBritaintolearnfromotherEuropeancountries.?47?.Whenreturnedbottlesareputinavendingmachines自动售货机thedepositisrefunded.EnvironmentalistswarnthatBritainlagsbehindinthis.??Therewerereportsofgrowinguneaseamongconsumersovertheamountofpackagingtheyhavetodealwith.Tradestandardsofficersalsoobjecttoexcessivepackaging.?48???InresponsetoacampaignbyBritain’sTheIndependentnewspaperleadingsupermarketshavepointedtovariousinitiativestowinthepublicconfidence.?49???Butcampaignerssaidretailersandthegovernmentcouldlearnmuchfromanti-wastepracticesontheContinent.InSwedennon-recyclablebatterieshavebeentaxedsince1991toencourageaswitchtoalternatives.?50?InGermanyplasticbagsareunheardofinsupermarketsanddepositsarepaidforreusableplasticandglassbeveragebottles.A．Ifaproductisoverpackageddon’tbuyit.B．InBelgiumwhenyoubuysomethinginaplasticorglasscontaineryoumakeadeposit.C．Thisisbecausetoomuchpaddingcangivebuyersafalseimpressionofwhattheyarebuying.D．Thishasresultedina74percentreductioninsales.E．Tescosaiditwassaving112000tonsofcardboardayearbyswitchingtoreusableplasticcrates装货箱fortransportingitsfreshproduce.F.ThecampaignwasinitiatedbyTheIndependentnewspaper.
热门题库
更多
理工类
卫生类
综合类
国际货运代理师
报关水平测试
报检员
物流员(四级)
助理物流师(三级)
物流师(二级)
高级物流师(一级)
物流案例分析
单证员基础理论与知识
单证员缮制与操作
国际货运代理理论与实务
外贸综合业务
外贸外语
湘公网安备 43130202000226号