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? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 ...
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第二篇Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGivingBirth Abrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecoulddeliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromlifesupportonWednesdayanddiedadayaftergivingbirth. ThisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamilyJustinTorresthewoman’sbrother-in-lawsaidinastatement. SusanTorresacancer-stricken26-year-oldresearcherattheNationalInstitutesofHealthsufferedastrokeinMayafterthemelanoma黑瘤spreadtoherbrain. Herfamilydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus胎儿achance.Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus’developmentandthecancerthatwasdestroyingthewoman’sbody. DoctorssaidthatTorres’healthwasgettingworseandthattheriskofharmtothefoetusfinallyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthepregnancy. TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection剖腹产手术onTuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthsprematureandweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit. DrDonnaTilden-Archerthehospital’sdirectorofneonatology新生儿学describedthechildasveryvigorous.Shesaidthebabyhadrespondedwhenshereceivedstimulationindicatingshewashealthy. DoctorsremovedTorresfromlifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththeconsentofherhusbandJasonTortesaftershereceivedthefinalsacrament圣礼oftheRomanCatholicChurch. WethankallofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusanthebabyandourfamilyJasonTorressaidinastatement.WeespeciallythankGodforgivinguslittleSusan.Mywife’scouragewillneverbeforgotten.English-languagemedicalliteraturecontainsatleast11casessince1979ofirreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseliveswereprolongedforthebenefitofthedevelopingfoetusaccordingtotheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter. DrChristopherMcManuswhocoordinatedcare1orSusanTorresputtheinfant’schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.Hesaid19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmelanomaasTorteshavegivenbirthandfiveoftheirbabiesbecameillwiththedisease. SusanTorreshadbeenputonlifesupportso
TheDoctorinAmerica Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicalpractice.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospitalwhichusuallychargesaccordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefacilities-X-raysoperatingroomstests-heorsheuses. Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthService. Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency住院医生实习期inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow. Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies. Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Many medicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethat physicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath. AnyonewithamedicaldegreecansetupamedicalpracticeintheUS
TheDoctorinAmerica Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicalpractice.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospitalwhichusuallychargesaccordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefacilities-X-raysoperatingroomstests-heorsheuses. Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthService. Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency住院医生实习期inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow. Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies. Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Many medicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethat physicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath. NosalariedphysiciansteachinmedicalschoolsintheUS.
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Exercise CutsCancerDeathsinMen{{/B}}??Menwhoexerciseoftenareless likelytodiefromcancerthanthosewho{{U}}?51?{{/U}}newresearch publishedintheBritishJournalofCancerrevealedyesterday.??A teamofscientistsfromtheKarolinskaInstituteinSwedenlooked{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}theeffectofphysicalactivityandcancerriskin40708men{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}between45and79.??Theseven-yearstudy foundthatmen{{U}}?54?{{/U}}walkedorcycledforatleast30minutes adayhada34percentlowerriskof{{U}}?55?{{/U}}fromcancerthan themenwhodidlessexerciseornothingatall.{{U}}?56?{{/U}}the periodstudied3714mendevelopedcancerand1153diedfromthedisease.The researcherssuggestthathalfanhour’swalking{{U}}?57?{{/U}}cycling adayincreasedsurvivalamongthesemenby33percent.??The researcherssurveyedmenfromtwocountiesincentralSwedenabouttheir lifestyleandtheamountof{{U}}?58?{{/U}}activitytheywereusually doing.Theythenscoredtheseresponsesandcomparedtheresults{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}dataoncancerdiagn0sisanddeathofficiallyrecordedinaCentral cancerregistry登记簿overaseven-yearperiod.??Leadauthor ProfessorAlicjaWolksaid:Theseresultsclearlyshowforthefirsttimethe effectthatverysimpleandbasicdaily{{U}}?60?{{/U}}suchaswalking orcyclinghasinreducingcancerdeathriskinmiddle-agedandelderly{{U}} ?61?{{/U}}.??Dr.LesleyWalkerdirectorofcancer informationatCancerResearchUKsaid:Thisstudygivesusaclearindication thatmenwhoexerciseareless{{U}}?62?{{/U}}todiefromcancerand thattheyaremorelikelyto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thediseaseiftheygetit. It’snotentirelyclearfromthisstudywhatroleexerciseplaysin preventing{{U}}?64?{{/U}}inmenbutwedoknowthatahealthy lifestylecanpreventuptohalfofallcancers—and{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}exerciseformsakeypartofthis.
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
第三篇SmartExercise Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameronascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversitystudiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearchitseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvesselsincludingthoseinthebrainstrongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.Asshesays:Whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheartexercisecanliterallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain. Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabiesevenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnesapediatrician儿科医师believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies.Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.InthiswayastheygetolderchildrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearningsaysMargaret. Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornellUniversitystudiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafterexercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobeverydifficultbutitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Alsojustlikethemotionforinfantsexerciseforolderpeopleshouldinvolvesomecomplexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime. Formostpeopleanytypeofphysicalactivitythatincreasestheheartrateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain’sflowofblood.Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleastwotothreehoursofexerciseaweek. Thetitleofthepassageimpliesthat
第一篇IstheTieaNecessity TiesornecktieshavebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.SoarethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties? Maybe.LastweektheUK’sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbetreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives. InfactBlairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities知名人士withouttieswhichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast. ForsomemoreconservativeBritishthetieisamustforproperappearance.EarlierLaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghanthetilewasasignofbeingcompleteofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurchtoworkintheofficetoaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion. Buttodaypeoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions. Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplyaband.Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman’sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear颈饰impressedCharlesIIthekingofEnglandwhowasexiled流放toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim. Itwasn’thoweveruntilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorfulflowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Thenclubsmilitaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer’smembershipinthelate19thcentury.AfterthatthetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen. Butnowevengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anywaythedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood. WhendidBritishgentlemenbegintoweartiesregularly?
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第一篇IstheTieaNecessity TiesornecktieshavebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.SoarethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties? Maybe.LastweektheUK’sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbetreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives. InfactBlairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities知名人士withouttieswhichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast. ForsomemoreconservativeBritishthetieisamustforproperappearance.EarlierLaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghanthetilewasasignofbeingcompleteofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurchtoworkintheofficetoaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion. Buttodaypeoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions. Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplyaband.Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman’sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear颈饰impressedCharlesIIthekingofEnglandwhowasexiled流放toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim. Itwasn’thoweveruntilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorfulflowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Thenclubsmilitaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer’smembershipinthelate19thcentury.AfterthatthetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen. Butnowevengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anywaythedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood. Thetiesymbolizesallofthefollowingexcept
Hewas{{U}}elevated{{/U}}tothepostofprimeminister.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 ??????? ??????????? ??????????{{B}}Exercise CutsCancerDeathsinMen{{/B}}??Menwhoexerciseoftenareless likelytodiefromcancerthanthosewho{{U}}?51?{{/U}}newresearch publishedintheBritishJournalofCancerrevealedyesterday.??A teamofscientistsfromtheKarolinskaInstituteinSwedenlooked{{U}}?52 ?{{/U}}theeffectofphysicalactivityandcancerriskin40708men{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}between45and79.??Theseven-yearstudy foundthatmen{{U}}?54?{{/U}}walkedorcycledforatleast30minutes adayhada34percentlowerriskof{{U}}?55?{{/U}}fromcancerthan themenwhodidlessexerciseornothingatall.{{U}}?56?{{/U}}the periodstudied3714mendevelopedcancerand1153diedfromthedisease.The researcherssuggestthathalfanhour’swalking{{U}}?57?{{/U}}cycling adayincreasedsurvivalamongthesemenby33percent.??The researcherssurveyedmenfromtwocountiesincentralSwedenabouttheir lifestyleandtheamountof{{U}}?58?{{/U}}activitytheywereusually doing.Theythenscoredtheseresponsesandcomparedtheresults{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}dataoncancerdiagn0sisanddeathofficiallyrecordedinaCentral cancerregistry登记簿overaseven-yearperiod.??Leadauthor ProfessorAlicjaWolksaid:Theseresultsclearlyshowforthefirsttimethe effectthatverysimpleandbasicdaily{{U}}?60?{{/U}}suchaswalking orcyclinghasinreducingcancerdeathriskinmiddle-agedandelderly{{U}} ?61?{{/U}}.??Dr.LesleyWalkerdirectorofcancer informationatCancerResearchUKsaid:Thisstudygivesusaclearindication thatmenwhoexerciseareless{{U}}?62?{{/U}}todiefromcancerand thattheyaremorelikelyto{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thediseaseiftheygetit. It’snotentirelyclearfromthisstudywhatroleexerciseplaysin preventing{{U}}?64?{{/U}}inmenbutwedoknowthatahealthy lifestylecanpreventuptohalfofallcancers—and{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}exerciseformsakeypartofthis.
第三篇SmartExercise Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameronascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversitystudiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearchitseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvesselsincludingthoseinthebrainstrongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.Asshesays:Whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheartexercisecanliterallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain. Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabiesevenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnesapediatrician儿科医师believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies.Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.InthiswayastheygetolderchildrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearningsaysMargaret. Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornellUniversitystudiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafterexercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobeverydifficultbutitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Alsojustlikethemotionforinfantsexerciseforolderpeopleshouldinvolvesomecomplexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime. Formostpeopleanytypeofphysicalactivitythatincreasestheheartrateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain’sflowofblood.Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleastwotothreehoursofexerciseaweek. ResearchbyDr.Cameronseemstosuggestthatexercisecan
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第二篇Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGivingBirth Abrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecoulddeliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromlifesupportonWednesdayanddiedadayaftergivingbirth. ThisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamilyJustinTorresthewoman’sbrother-in-lawsaidinastatement. SusanTorresacancer-stricken26-year-oldresearcherattheNationalInstitutesofHealthsufferedastrokeinMayafterthemelanoma黑瘤spreadtoherbrain. Herfamilydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus胎儿achance.Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus’developmentandthecancerthatwasdestroyingthewoman’sbody. DoctorssaidthatTorres’healthwasgettingworseandthattheriskofharmtothefoetusfinallyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthepregnancy. TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection剖腹产手术onTuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthsprematureandweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit. DrDonnaTilden-Archerthehospital’sdirectorofneonatology新生儿学describedthechildasveryvigorous.Shesaidthebabyhadrespondedwhenshereceivedstimulationindicatingshewashealthy. DoctorsremovedTorresfromlifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththeconsentofherhusbandJasonTortesaftershereceivedthefinalsacrament圣礼oftheRomanCatholicChurch. WethankallofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusanthebabyandourfamilyJasonTorressaidinastatement.WeespeciallythankGodforgivinguslittleSusan.Mywife’scouragewillneverbeforgotten.English-languagemedicalliteraturecontainsatleast11casessince1979ofirreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseliveswereprolongedforthebenefitofthedevelopingfoetusaccordingtotheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter. DrChristopherMcManuswhocoordinatedcare1orSusanTorresputtheinfant’schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.Hesaid19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmelanomaasTorteshavegivenbirthandfiveoftheirbabiesbecameillwiththedisease. Thepregnancywasstoppedbecause
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
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StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed结肠Cancer Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless5120gramsadayaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout. TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478040menandwomen5235to70from10Europeancountries. Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998but53anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1329bowelcancershadbeenreported. ThesubsequentanalysispublishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstituteconfirmsthelong-heldsuspicion54highintakes纳入量ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel55risk. Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeagesexheightweightenergyintakephysicalactivitysmokingandalcoholconsumptiontheinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas56withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken. Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated57a31percentreductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa58 Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percenthigher’riskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatandhighfish59.Inadditiontheriskofdevelopingthediseasewasincreasedfor60peoplewhoatealowfibrediet. SheilaBinghamstudyinvestigatorattheUK’sMedicalResearchCouncilnutritionunitsaidPeoplehavesuspectedforsometimethathighlevelsofredandprocessedmeat61riskofbowelcancerbutthisisoneofthelargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEuropeofthistypetoshowa62relationship. Sheaddedinastatement:’q-heoverallpictureisveryconsistentforredand processedmeatandfibreacrossallthe63populationsstudied. StudycoordinatorElioRibolioftheWorldHealthOrganisationInternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancersaidOtherriskfactorsfor64cancerincludeobesity肥胖andlackofphysicalactivity.Smokingandexcessalcoholmayalsoplaya65Thesefactorswerealltakenintoaccountintheanalysis
第一篇IstheTieaNecessity TiesornecktieshavebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.SoarethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties? Maybe.LastweektheUK’sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbetreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives. InfactBlairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities知名人士withouttieswhichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast. ForsomemoreconservativeBritishthetieisamustforproperappearance.EarlierLaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghanthetilewasasignofbeingcompleteofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurchtoworkintheofficetoaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion. Buttodaypeoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions. Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplyaband.Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman’sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear颈饰impressedCharlesIIthekingofEnglandwhowasexiled流放toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim. Itwasn’thoweveruntilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorfulflowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Thenclubsmilitaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer’smembershipinthelate19thcentury.AfterthatthetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen. Butnowevengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anywaythedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood. WhichofthefollowingisNOTasocialoccasion?
第三篇SmartExercise Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameronascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversitystudiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearchitseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvesselsincludingthoseinthebrainstrongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.Asshesays:Whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheartexercisecanliterallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain. Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabiesevenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnesapediatrician儿科医师believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies.Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.InthiswayastheygetolderchildrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearningsaysMargaret. Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornellUniversitystudiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafterexercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobeverydifficultbutitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Alsojustlikethemotionforinfantsexerciseforolderpeopleshouldinvolvesomecomplexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime. Formostpeopleanytypeofphysicalactivitythatincreasestheheartrateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain’sflowofblood.Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleastwotothreehoursofexerciseaweek. Theexpressionbeefupinparagraph3means
TheDoctorinAmerica Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicalpractice.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospitalwhichusuallychargesaccordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefacilities-X-raysoperatingroomstests-heorsheuses. Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthService. Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency住院医生实习期inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow. Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies. Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Many medicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethat physicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath. BecomingaphysicianintheUScostsconsiderabletimeandmoney.
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