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下列行业中哪一个最接近于完全竞争市场______
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AlthoughwealreadyknowagreatdealaboutinfluenzaandalthoughtheWorldHealthOrganizationisconstantlycollectingdetailedinformationfromitschainofinfluenzareferencelaboratoriesthroughouttheworlditisextremelydifficultforepidemiologists流行病专家whostudyinfectiousdiseasetopredictwhenandwherethenextfluepidemicwilloccurandhowsevereitwillbe. TherearethreekindsofinfluenzavirusknownasABandC.InfluenzaCvirusisrelativelystableandcausesmildinfectionsthatdonotspreadfarthroughthepopulation.TheAandBtypesareunstableandareresponsiblefortheepidemicsthatcausefrequentconcern.Followinganyvirusattackthehumanbodybuildsupantibodieswhichconferimmunitytothatstrainofvirusbutaviruswiththecapacitytochangeitscharacterisabletoby-passthisprotection.VariabilityislessdevelopedintheinfluenzaBviruswhichaffectsonlyhumanbeings.AninfluenzaBvirusmaycauseawidespreadepidemicbutwillhavelittleeffectifintroducedintothesamecommunitysoonafterwardssincenearlyeveryonewillhavebuiltupantibodiesandwillbeimmune.TheinfluenzaAviruswhichaffectsanimalsalsoisextremelyunstableandisresponsibleforsomeoftheworstoutbreaksofthediseasesuchastheunparalleledpandemicorworldepidemicof1918-1919whenabouthalftheworld’spopulationwereinfectedandabouttwentymillionpeoplediedsomefrompneumoniacausedbythevirusitselfandsomefromsecondarycomplications并发症causedbybacteria. Accuratepredictionisdifficultbecauseofthecomplicationofthefactors.Aparticularvirusmayberelatedtoonetowhichsomeofthepopulationhavepartialinvolvedimmunity.Theextenttowhichitwillspreadwilldependonfactorssuchasitsownstrengthorvirulencetheeasewithwhichitcanbetransmittedandthestrengthoftheoppositionitencounters.Scientistshoweverhaveareliablegeneralpictureoftheworldsituation.InfluenzaAattacksusinwaveseverytwoorthreeyearswhileinfluenzaBwhichtravelsmoreslowlylaunchesitsmainassaultseverythreetosixyears.Theoutbreaksvaryfromisolatedcasestoepidemicsinvolvingatenthormoreofthepopulation.Wemayconfidentlyprophesythatsoonerorlaterlargenumbersofpeoplewillbefeelingtheunpleasanteffectsofsomekindofinfluenzavirus. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtotheextenttowhichavirusspreads
AlthoughwealreadyknowagreatdealaboutinfluenzaandalthoughtheWorldHealthOrganizationisconstantlycollectingdetailedinformationfromitschainofinfluenzareferencelaboratoriesthroughouttheworlditisextremelydifficultforepidemiologists流行病专家whostudyinfectiousdiseasetopredictwhenandwherethenextfluepidemicwilloccurandhowsevereitwillbe. TherearethreekindsofinfluenzavirusknownasABandC.InfluenzaCvirusisrelativelystableandcausesmildinfectionsthatdonotspreadfarthroughthepopulation.TheAandBtypesareunstableandareresponsiblefortheepidemicsthatcausefrequentconcern.Followinganyvirusattackthehumanbodybuildsupantibodieswhichconferimmunitytothatstrainofvirusbutaviruswiththecapacitytochangeitscharacterisabletoby-passthisprotection.VariabilityislessdevelopedintheinfluenzaBviruswhichaffectsonlyhumanbeings.AninfluenzaBvirusmaycauseawidespreadepidemicbutwillhavelittleeffectifintroducedintothesamecommunitysoonafterwardssincenearlyeveryonewillhavebuiltupantibodiesandwillbeimmune.TheinfluenzaAviruswhichaffectsanimalsalsoisextremelyunstableandisresponsibleforsomeoftheworstoutbreaksofthediseasesuchastheunparalleledpandemicorworldepidemicof1918-1919whenabouthalftheworld’spopulationwereinfectedandabouttwentymillionpeoplediedsomefrompneumoniacausedbythevirusitselfandsomefromsecondarycomplications并发症causedbybacteria. Accuratepredictionisdifficultbecauseofthecomplicationofthefactors.Aparticularvirusmayberelatedtoonetowhichsomeofthepopulationhavepartialinvolvedimmunity.Theextenttowhichitwillspreadwilldependonfactorssuchasitsownstrengthorvirulencetheeasewithwhichitcanbetransmittedandthestrengthoftheoppositionitencounters.Scientistshoweverhaveareliablegeneralpictureoftheworldsituation.InfluenzaAattacksusinwaveseverytwoorthreeyearswhileinfluenzaBwhichtravelsmoreslowlylaunchesitsmainassaultseverythreetosixyears.Theoutbreaksvaryfromisolatedcasestoepidemicsinvolvingatenthormoreofthepopulation.Wemayconfidentlyprophesythatsoonerorlaterlargenumbersofpeoplewillbefeelingtheunpleasanteffectsofsomekindofinfluenzavirus. AccordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutinfluenza
Armedwithallthefirst-handevidenceIwasabletohisargumentinthecourt
近年来浙江省商品交易市场呈现稳步发展态势2009年浙江省共有亿元以上商品交易市场670家比上年增加31家营业面积2298万平方米出租摊位39万个实现成交额9647亿元比上年增长7.8%从市场成交额看成交额达10亿元以上的商品交易市场189家占全部市场个数的28.2%实现成交额8139亿元其中10亿～50亿元的商品交易市场有156家50亿～100亿元的商品交易市场有17家100亿元以上的商品交易市场有16家从商品分类销售看一是与城乡居民生活息息相关的商品销售稳定增长其成交额最大所占比例最高食品饮料烟酒类成交额2127亿元比上年增长10.1%服装鞋帽类商品销售比重居第二位成交额2077亿元比上年增长9.2%二是随着居民消费水平提高和消费需求的多元化个人享受发展及服务性消费所带动的商品成交活跃文化办公用品类商品成交额135亿元同比增长20.1%体育娱乐用品类商品成交额18亿元同比增长25.6%家用电器和音像器材类商品成交额52亿元同比增长36%儿童玩具类商品成交额31亿元同比增长15.9%三是汽车销售保持快速增长所占比重有所上升汽车类实现成交额606亿元同比增长29.9%比上年提高1.1个百分点2007年浙江省汽车类销售成交额约为______
Vingotookabusandheadedforhomeifhiswifewouldhavehimback
Acommitteehasbeenbythecounseltolookintothecausesofunemployment
Morethanacenturyagotherelationshipbetweenglacialiceandtheamountofwaterintheoceanbasinswasfirstseen.Whenthegreaticesheetcoveredvastlandareasthesealevelwasloweredbecausethenormalreturnofwaterfromlandtotheoceanwasreduced.AsaresultthesealevelroseasIceAgeglaciersmeltedallowingthemeltedwaterstoflowintotheocean.Ifalltheglacialiceonthesurfaceoftheearthtodayshouldmeltthesealevelmightrisebymorethan150feet.Shorelinevariationsarealsoproducedthroughelevationordepressionoftheland.Duringtimesofglacierformationsthegreatweightoftheiceslowlydepressedtheearth’scrust.Removaloftheweightthroughglaciermeltingallowedtheslowreturnofthecrusttoitsformerposition.ChangesintheGreatIceclimatesfromcoolandwettowarmanddryproducedclimatechangesfarfromtheglaciatedarea.Forexampleattimesofcool-wetglacialclimateslevelsofinlandlakesroseincontrasttothedepressionofsealevel.Duringthewarm-dryinterglacialclimateslakelevelswerelowered.TheancientlakeBonnevillelargestoftheglaciallakesinWesternUnitedStatesoncecoveredmorethan20000squaremiles.Ithadamaximumdepthofmorethan1000feet.GreatSaltLakeinUtahistheshrunkenremnantofthisoncelargelake. AlthoughthefirsttimethatearlymanwalkedontheearthisuncertainheislargelyaproductoftheGreatIceAge.Presentinformationshowsthatduringthistimeheevolvedrapidlybothphysicallyandculturally.HismostprimitivetoolsandskeletalremainshavebeenfoundinsomeoftheoldestdepositscontemporarywiththeGreatIceAgeinAfricaAsiaandEurope.Theseareoftenassociatedwithremainsofextinctanimals.WiththedisappearanceofthegreaticesheetstheBronzeandIronAgeculturesevolved.Aboutthistimemanyanimalssuitedtocoolerclimatesdied. AlthoughmuchremainstobelearnedthestoryoftheGreatIceAgeisbeingunfoldedthroughtheeffortsofspecialistsinmanyfields.RecordingfieldobservationnewtheoriesandmethodsandworldwidestudiesofexistingglaciersarebringingaclearerunderstandingoftheGreatIceAge. ThebestsourceofinformationabouttheGreatIceAgeisobtainedfrom
Morethanacenturyagotherelationshipbetweenglacialiceandtheamountofwaterintheoceanbasinswasfirstseen.Whenthegreaticesheetcoveredvastlandareasthesealevelwasloweredbecausethenormalreturnofwaterfromlandtotheoceanwasreduced.AsaresultthesealevelroseasIceAgeglaciersmeltedallowingthemeltedwaterstoflowintotheocean.Ifalltheglacialiceonthesurfaceoftheearthtodayshouldmeltthesealevelmightrisebymorethan150feet.Shorelinevariationsarealsoproducedthroughelevationordepressionoftheland.Duringtimesofglacierformationsthegreatweightoftheiceslowlydepressedtheearth’scrust.Removaloftheweightthroughglaciermeltingallowedtheslowreturnofthecrusttoitsformerposition.ChangesintheGreatIceclimatesfromcoolandwettowarmanddryproducedclimatechangesfarfromtheglaciatedarea.Forexampleattimesofcool-wetglacialclimateslevelsofinlandlakesroseincontrasttothedepressionofsealevel.Duringthewarm-dryinterglacialclimateslakelevelswerelowered.TheancientlakeBonnevillelargestoftheglaciallakesinWesternUnitedStatesoncecoveredmorethan20000squaremiles.Ithadamaximumdepthofmorethan1000feet.GreatSaltLakeinUtahistheshrunkenremnantofthisoncelargelake. AlthoughthefirsttimethatearlymanwalkedontheearthisuncertainheislargelyaproductoftheGreatIceAge.Presentinformationshowsthatduringthistimeheevolvedrapidlybothphysicallyandculturally.HismostprimitivetoolsandskeletalremainshavebeenfoundinsomeoftheoldestdepositscontemporarywiththeGreatIceAgeinAfricaAsiaandEurope.Theseareoftenassociatedwithremainsofextinctanimals.WiththedisappearanceofthegreaticesheetstheBronzeandIronAgeculturesevolved.Aboutthistimemanyanimalssuitedtocoolerclimatesdied. AlthoughmuchremainstobelearnedthestoryoftheGreatIceAgeisbeingunfoldedthroughtheeffortsofspecialistsinmanyfields.RecordingfieldobservationnewtheoriesandmethodsandworldwidestudiesofexistingglaciersarebringingaclearerunderstandingoftheGreatIceAge. WhydoestheauthorcitetheexampleoftheGreatSaltLakeinUtah
WhentheCulturalRevolutionwaslaunchedinChinahisfathercollege
inthefirstroundofthecompetitionourteamtooktheearliestflightback
Mostspeakersaresurprisingtolearnthatpeoplewho1._____speakonlyonelanguageformaminorityoftheworld’spopulationthatmostpeoplefunctionintwoormorelanguages.2._____Whilefewpeoplearetrulybalancedbilingualsorpolyglotswhofeelequalcomfortablewithalllanguages3._____thefactisthatmostoftheworld’spopulationfunctionsinmorethanlanguage.Giventhisit’ssomewhatsurprising4._____thatsomuchattentionispaidtotheEnglish-speakingworldtothematteroflearningaadditionallanguage.Ifsomany5._____peopleseemtodoitsoeasilythenjustwhatistheproblemThesimplestansweristhattherereallyisn’tone.Givingampleopportunityandtimemostpeoplecanlearnas6._____manylanguagesastheywantorneedto.ButasteacherschargedwiththeresponsibilityofaddingEnglishtothelinguisticinventoryofnon-English-speakingchildrenwemustbeconcernedpreciselythesematters—providingample7._____andeffectiveopportunityandusingtimeaseffectivelyaspossible.Thischapterwilllookbrieflyhowchildrenbecomebilingual.8._____Firstwe’llexaminetheconditionsleadtobilingualism9._____inpreschoolersthenwe’llturnourattentiontolanguagelearningintheclassroom.Infocusingonthedifferencesbetweenlanguageacquisitionathomeandatschoolwe’llseethatthere’sthepotentialforconflictfromchildren’sinformallanguage10._____learninginthehomeandthemoreformalexperienceoftheschool.
Mostspeakersaresurprisingtolearnthatpeoplewho1._____speakonlyonelanguageformaminorityoftheworld’spopulationthatmostpeoplefunctionintwoormorelanguages.2._____Whilefewpeoplearetrulybalancedbilingualsorpolyglotswhofeelequalcomfortablewithalllanguages3._____thefactisthatmostoftheworld’spopulationfunctionsinmorethanlanguage.Giventhisit’ssomewhatsurprising4._____thatsomuchattentionispaidtotheEnglish-speakingworldtothematteroflearningaadditionallanguage.Ifsomany5._____peopleseemtodoitsoeasilythenjustwhatistheproblemThesimplestansweristhattherereallyisn’tone.Givingampleopportunityandtimemostpeoplecanlearnas6._____manylanguagesastheywantorneedto.ButasteacherschargedwiththeresponsibilityofaddingEnglishtothelinguisticinventoryofnon-English-speakingchildrenwemustbeconcernedpreciselythesematters—providingample7._____andeffectiveopportunityandusingtimeaseffectivelyaspossible.Thischapterwilllookbrieflyhowchildrenbecomebilingual.8._____Firstwe’llexaminetheconditionsleadtobilingualism9._____inpreschoolersthenwe’llturnourattentiontolanguagelearningintheclassroom.Infocusingonthedifferencesbetweenlanguageacquisitionathomeandatschoolwe’llseethatthere’sthepotentialforconflictfromchildren’sinformallanguage10._____learninginthehomeandthemoreformalexperienceoftheschool.
Toproof-readthesepilesofdocumentsisverytime
Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Manypeoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenbornahundredyearsago.Becausemorepeoplelivelongertherearemorepeoplearoundatanygiventime.Infactitisadecreaseindeathratesnotanincreaseinbirthratesthathasledtothepopulationexplosion. Prolonginghumanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependencyload.Inallsocietiespeoplewhoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentontherestofsocietytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringculturesoldpeoplewhocouldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamineinfantsmightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarvedwhereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmostcontemporary当代的societiespeoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealivewhethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepasttheageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletowork;wealsohaveruleswhichrequirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosavemoneyfortheirretirementsomebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnitedStatesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittlethattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoungormiddle-agedpeople;unlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernmentinsurancetheymustoftengoonwelfareiftheyhaveaseriousillness. Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweaktocareforthemselvestheycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepastandinsometraditionalculturestheywouldbecaredforathomeuntiltheydied.Todaywithmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschoolthereisoftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneedagreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescent康复的hospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseareoftenprofit-makingorganizationsalthoughsomearesponsored赞助byreligiousandothernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregoodmostofthemaresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorlypaidoverworkedandunder-skilledpersonnel. Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthenursinghomesandconvalescenthospitalsmentionedintheparagraph
Ifthesalinityofoceanwaterisanalyzeditisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.Neverthelesssomeofthesesmallchangesareimportant.Therearethreebasicprocessesthatcauseachangeinoceanicsalinity.Oneoftheseisthesubtractionofwaterfromtheoceanbymeansofevaporation—conversionofliquidwatertowatervapor.Inthismannerthesalinityisincreasedsincethesaltsstaybehind.Ifthisiscarriedtotheextremeofcoursewhitecrystalsofsaltwouldbeleftbehind;thisbythewayishowmuchofthetablesaltweuseisactuallyobtained. Theoppositeofevaporationisprecipitationsuchasrainbywhichwaterisaddedtotheocean.Heretheoceanisbeingdilutedsothatthesalinityisdecreased.Thismayoccurinareasofhighrainfallorincoastalregionswhereriversflowintotheocean.Thussalinitymaybeincreasedbythesubtractionofwaterbyevaporationordecreasedbytheadditionoffreshwaterbyprecipitationorrunoff. Normallyintropicalregionswherethesunisverystrongtheoceansalinityissomewhathigherthanitisinotherpartsoftheworldwherethereisnotasmuchevaporation.Similarlyincoastalregionswhereriversdilutetheseasalinityissomewhatlowerthaninotheroceanicareas. Athirdprocessbywhichsalinitymaybealteredisassociatedwiththeformationandmeltingofseaice.Whenseawaterisfrozenthedissolvedmaterialsareleftbehind.Inthismannerseawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.Ofcoursewhenthisicemeltsitwelltendtodecreasethesalinityofthesurroundingwater. IntheWeddellSeaoffAntarcticathedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocesswhichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavywatersinksandisfoundinthedeeperportionsofoceansoftheworld. Whatdoesthewordsubtractioninthefourthlineofthefirstparagraphmean
Whileayoungmanhedecidedtoputasidealittlemoneyeverymonthtomakeforhisoldage
Hydrogenisoneofthemostimportantelementintheuniverseitprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced
Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Manypeoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenbornahundredyearsago.Becausemorepeoplelivelongertherearemorepeoplearoundatanygiventime.Infactitisadecreaseindeathratesnotanincreaseinbirthratesthathasledtothepopulationexplosion. Prolonginghumanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependencyload.Inallsocietiespeoplewhoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentontherestofsocietytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringculturesoldpeoplewhocouldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamineinfantsmightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarvedwhereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmostcontemporary当代的societiespeoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealivewhethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepasttheageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletowork;wealsohaveruleswhichrequirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosavemoneyfortheirretirementsomebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnitedStatesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittlethattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoungormiddle-agedpeople;unlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernmentinsurancetheymustoftengoonwelfareiftheyhaveaseriousillness. Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweaktocareforthemselvestheycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepastandinsometraditionalculturestheywouldbecaredforathomeuntiltheydied.Todaywithmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschoolthereisoftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneedagreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescent康复的hospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseareoftenprofit-makingorganizationsalthoughsomearesponsored赞助byreligiousandothernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregoodmostofthemaresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorlypaidoverworkedandunder-skilledpersonnel. Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatinsometraditionalsocieties
Mostspeakersaresurprisingtolearnthatpeoplewho1._____speakonlyonelanguageformaminorityoftheworld’spopulationthatmostpeoplefunctionintwoormorelanguages.2._____Whilefewpeoplearetrulybalancedbilingualsorpolyglotswhofeelequalcomfortablewithalllanguages3._____thefactisthatmostoftheworld’spopulationfunctionsinmorethanlanguage.Giventhisit’ssomewhatsurprising4._____thatsomuchattentionispaidtotheEnglish-speakingworldtothematteroflearningaadditionallanguage.Ifsomany5._____peopleseemtodoitsoeasilythenjustwhatistheproblemThesimplestansweristhattherereallyisn’tone.Givingampleopportunityandtimemostpeoplecanlearnas6._____manylanguagesastheywantorneedto.ButasteacherschargedwiththeresponsibilityofaddingEnglishtothelinguisticinventoryofnon-English-speakingchildrenwemustbeconcernedpreciselythesematters—providingample7._____andeffectiveopportunityandusingtimeaseffectivelyaspossible.Thischapterwilllookbrieflyhowchildrenbecomebilingual.8._____Firstwe’llexaminetheconditionsleadtobilingualism9._____inpreschoolersthenwe’llturnourattentiontolanguagelearningintheclassroom.Infocusingonthedifferencesbetweenlanguageacquisitionathomeandatschoolwe’llseethatthere’sthepotentialforconflictfromchildren’sinformallanguage10._____learninginthehomeandthemoreformalexperienceoftheschool.
Theyfeeltheyarejustifiedthechildbecausehewasnotbehavinghimself
近年来浙江省商品交易市场呈现稳步发展态势2009年浙江省共有亿元以上商品交易市场670家比上年增加31家营业面积2298万平方米出租摊位39万个实现成交额9647亿元比上年增长7.8%从市场成交额看成交额达10亿元以上的商品交易市场189家占全部市场个数的28.2%实现成交额8139亿元其中10亿～50亿元的商品交易市场有156家50亿～100亿元的商品交易市场有17家100亿元以上的商品交易市场有16家从商品分类销售看一是与城乡居民生活息息相关的商品销售稳定增长其成交额最大所占比例最高食品饮料烟酒类成交额2127亿元比上年增长10.1%服装鞋帽类商品销售比重居第二位成交额2077亿元比上年增长9.2%二是随着居民消费水平提高和消费需求的多元化个人享受发展及服务性消费所带动的商品成交活跃文化办公用品类商品成交额135亿元同比增长20.1%体育娱乐用品类商品成交额18亿元同比增长25.6%家用电器和音像器材类商品成交额52亿元同比增长36%儿童玩具类商品成交额31亿元同比增长15.9%三是汽车销售保持快速增长所占比重有所上升汽车类实现成交额606亿元同比增长29.9%比上年提高1.1个百分点根据材料下列结论中不能推出的是______
AlthoughwealreadyknowagreatdealaboutinfluenzaandalthoughtheWorldHealthOrganizationisconstantlycollectingdetailedinformationfromitschainofinfluenzareferencelaboratoriesthroughouttheworlditisextremelydifficultforepidemiologists流行病专家whostudyinfectiousdiseasetopredictwhenandwherethenextfluepidemicwilloccurandhowsevereitwillbe. TherearethreekindsofinfluenzavirusknownasABandC.InfluenzaCvirusisrelativelystableandcausesmildinfectionsthatdonotspreadfarthroughthepopulation.TheAandBtypesareunstableandareresponsiblefortheepidemicsthatcausefrequentconcern.Followinganyvirusattackthehumanbodybuildsupantibodieswhichconferimmunitytothatstrainofvirusbutaviruswiththecapacitytochangeitscharacterisabletoby-passthisprotection.VariabilityislessdevelopedintheinfluenzaBviruswhichaffectsonlyhumanbeings.AninfluenzaBvirusmaycauseawidespreadepidemicbutwillhavelittleeffectifintroducedintothesamecommunitysoonafterwardssincenearlyeveryonewillhavebuiltupantibodiesandwillbeimmune.TheinfluenzaAviruswhichaffectsanimalsalsoisextremelyunstableandisresponsibleforsomeoftheworstoutbreaksofthediseasesuchastheunparalleledpandemicorworldepidemicof1918-1919whenabouthalftheworld’spopulationwereinfectedandabouttwentymillionpeoplediedsomefrompneumoniacausedbythevirusitselfandsomefromsecondarycomplications并发症causedbybacteria. Accuratepredictionisdifficultbecauseofthecomplicationofthefactors.Aparticularvirusmayberelatedtoonetowhichsomeofthepopulationhavepartialinvolvedimmunity.Theextenttowhichitwillspreadwilldependonfactorssuchasitsownstrengthorvirulencetheeasewithwhichitcanbetransmittedandthestrengthoftheoppositionitencounters.Scientistshoweverhaveareliablegeneralpictureoftheworldsituation.InfluenzaAattacksusinwaveseverytwoorthreeyearswhileinfluenzaBwhichtravelsmoreslowlylaunchesitsmainassaultseverythreetosixyears.Theoutbreaksvaryfromisolatedcasestoepidemicsinvolvingatenthormoreofthepopulation.Wemayconfidentlyprophesythatsoonerorlaterlargenumbersofpeoplewillbefeelingtheunpleasanteffectsofsomekindofinfluenzavirus. Whichofthefollowingisthemostdangerousvirusaccordingtothepassage
Juliatwochildrensinceshegotmarriedin1990
HeappreciatedthechancetodeliverhisthesisintheannualsymposiumonComparativeLiterature
Livinginthedesertinvolvesalotofproblemswatershortageistheworst
Morethanacenturyagotherelationshipbetweenglacialiceandtheamountofwaterintheoceanbasinswasfirstseen.Whenthegreaticesheetcoveredvastlandareasthesealevelwasloweredbecausethenormalreturnofwaterfromlandtotheoceanwasreduced.AsaresultthesealevelroseasIceAgeglaciersmeltedallowingthemeltedwaterstoflowintotheocean.Ifalltheglacialiceonthesurfaceoftheearthtodayshouldmeltthesealevelmightrisebymorethan150feet.Shorelinevariationsarealsoproducedthroughelevationordepressionoftheland.Duringtimesofglacierformationsthegreatweightoftheiceslowlydepressedtheearth’scrust.Removaloftheweightthroughglaciermeltingallowedtheslowreturnofthecrusttoitsformerposition.ChangesintheGreatIceclimatesfromcoolandwettowarmanddryproducedclimatechangesfarfromtheglaciatedarea.Forexampleattimesofcool-wetglacialclimateslevelsofinlandlakesroseincontrasttothedepressionofsealevel.Duringthewarm-dryinterglacialclimateslakelevelswerelowered.TheancientlakeBonnevillelargestoftheglaciallakesinWesternUnitedStatesoncecoveredmorethan20000squaremiles.Ithadamaximumdepthofmorethan1000feet.GreatSaltLakeinUtahistheshrunkenremnantofthisoncelargelake. AlthoughthefirsttimethatearlymanwalkedontheearthisuncertainheislargelyaproductoftheGreatIceAge.Presentinformationshowsthatduringthistimeheevolvedrapidlybothphysicallyandculturally.HismostprimitivetoolsandskeletalremainshavebeenfoundinsomeoftheoldestdepositscontemporarywiththeGreatIceAgeinAfricaAsiaandEurope.Theseareoftenassociatedwithremainsofextinctanimals.WiththedisappearanceofthegreaticesheetstheBronzeandIronAgeculturesevolved.Aboutthistimemanyanimalssuitedtocoolerclimatesdied. AlthoughmuchremainstobelearnedthestoryoftheGreatIceAgeisbeingunfoldedthroughtheeffortsofspecialistsinmanyfields.RecordingfieldobservationnewtheoriesandmethodsandworldwidestudiesofexistingglaciersarebringingaclearerunderstandingoftheGreatIceAge. WhichofthefollowingisNOTimpliedinthepassage
Ifthesalinityofoceanwaterisanalyzeditisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.Neverthelesssomeofthesesmallchangesareimportant.Therearethreebasicprocessesthatcauseachangeinoceanicsalinity.Oneoftheseisthesubtractionofwaterfromtheoceanbymeansofevaporation—conversionofliquidwatertowatervapor.Inthismannerthesalinityisincreasedsincethesaltsstaybehind.Ifthisiscarriedtotheextremeofcoursewhitecrystalsofsaltwouldbeleftbehind;thisbythewayishowmuchofthetablesaltweuseisactuallyobtained. Theoppositeofevaporationisprecipitationsuchasrainbywhichwaterisaddedtotheocean.Heretheoceanisbeingdilutedsothatthesalinityisdecreased.Thismayoccurinareasofhighrainfallorincoastalregionswhereriversflowintotheocean.Thussalinitymaybeincreasedbythesubtractionofwaterbyevaporationordecreasedbytheadditionoffreshwaterbyprecipitationorrunoff. Normallyintropicalregionswherethesunisverystrongtheoceansalinityissomewhathigherthanitisinotherpartsoftheworldwherethereisnotasmuchevaporation.Similarlyincoastalregionswhereriversdilutetheseasalinityissomewhatlowerthaninotheroceanicareas. Athirdprocessbywhichsalinitymaybealteredisassociatedwiththeformationandmeltingofseaice.Whenseawaterisfrozenthedissolvedmaterialsareleftbehind.Inthismannerseawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.Ofcoursewhenthisicemeltsitwelltendtodecreasethesalinityofthesurroundingwater. IntheWeddellSeaoffAntarcticathedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocesswhichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavywatersinksandisfoundinthedeeperportionsofoceansoftheworld. Accordingtotheauthortheoceanicsalinityisusuallylowerin
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