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简述青少年身心发展的特点。
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青少年身心发展的规律
应当根据女性青少年的特点在哪些方面采取措施保障女性青少年身心健康发展
学习、管理、设施
教育、管理、设施
培训、管理、设施
青少年身心发展的年龄特点决定了教育工作要遵循的个体身心发展规律是
顺序性
阶段性
稳定性
个别差异性
青少年身心发展的一般规律
青少年身心发展的年龄特点是在发展的不同年龄阶段中形成的一般的______本质的特征
青少年身心发展的规律有哪些
教育在青少年身心发展中起主导作用但要受青少年身心发展规律的制约
根据青少年身心发展的特点论述如何进行中学生教育工作
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Sincethebeginningofhumanevolutionmenhavemigrated迁移acrosscontinentsinsearchoffoodsheltersafetyandcomfortableweather.Peoplestillmoveforthesereasonsbutnewreasonsforhumanmigrationarearisingsuchasjobrelocation重新安置andoverpopulation. Threemillionmigrantsaremovingfrompoorcountriestowealthieroneseachyearandincreasinglytheirdestinationisaneighboringcountryindevelopingpartsoftheworld.Peoplearemovingwithinthedevelopingworldforthesamereasonsastheymigratetowealthiernations.Peoplefrompoorcountriesaregoingtolesspoorcountriesfleeingwarsandconflicts.Theyarealsorespondingtopopulationpressuresbecausesomecountriesaredenselypopulatedandtheyoftenhavehighpopulationgrowth.Thosepeopleneedtogosomewhereelse. Therearethreemainreasonswhypeoplemove.ThebasiccategoriesandpercentagesareasfollowsaccordingtotheCurrentPopulationSurveysCPS: Family-relatedreasonsaccountfor26.3%includingchangesinmarital婚姻的statusestablishingahouseholdandotherfamilyreasons;work-relatedreasonsaccountfor16.2%includingjobtransferretirementandotherjob-relatedreasons;housing-relatedreasonsaccountfor51.6%includingnewandbetterhousesbetterneighborhoodcheaperhousingandotherhousingreasons;theremaining5.9%ofotherreasonsareattendingcollegethechangeofclimateandhealthreasons. Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunitiesandwarmerclimates.Theyhavealsobeenmovingtoplacesalittlefarfromcitiesinsearchofbiggeryardsandhouseslowercrimeratesandbetterschools.In1950nearlyafifthofthepopulationlivedinthenations20largestcities.In2006itwasaboutoneinten.ThatswhymanyAmericanpeoplesayBigCitiesShrinkasPeopleMoveSouthWest. BetweenMarch2005andMarch200773.4millionAmericansmoved.Fifty-sixpercentofthesemoveswerewithinthesamecountry.Twentypercentwerebetweencountiesbutinthesamestate.Nineteenpercentweremovestoadifferentstate.Somefamiliesevenwentabroad. Title:Peopleonthe56 Lead-inThroughouthuman57peoplehavemigratedacrosscontinents. An58numberofpeoplefrompoorcountriesaremovingto59countriesespeciallyneighboringones.60for peoples migrationAccordingtotheCPSthe61ofpeoplemovetootherplacesforreasons62tohousing. Americanshavelongbeenmovingsouthandwestlooking63abetterjobchanceawarmer64andabiggeryardetc.ConclusionNoweveryyearmoreandmorepeoplemovetootherplacewhichseemstohavebecomeaglobal65.
A WhereisLoveHowcanwefindLove Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks. Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeElDoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayIvebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse. Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers. Anthropologistslabelnowadays’menLeglessbecause.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Sincethebeginningofhumanevolutionmenhavemigrated迁移acrosscontinentsinsearchoffoodsheltersafetyandcomfortableweather.Peoplestillmoveforthesereasonsbutnewreasonsforhumanmigrationarearisingsuchasjobrelocation重新安置andoverpopulation. Threemillionmigrantsaremovingfrompoorcountriestowealthieroneseachyearandincreasinglytheirdestinationisaneighboringcountryindevelopingpartsoftheworld.Peoplearemovingwithinthedevelopingworldforthesamereasonsastheymigratetowealthiernations.Peoplefrompoorcountriesaregoingtolesspoorcountriesfleeingwarsandconflicts.Theyarealsorespondingtopopulationpressuresbecausesomecountriesaredenselypopulatedandtheyoftenhavehighpopulationgrowth.Thosepeopleneedtogosomewhereelse. Therearethreemainreasonswhypeoplemove.ThebasiccategoriesandpercentagesareasfollowsaccordingtotheCurrentPopulationSurveysCPS: Family-relatedreasonsaccountfor26.3%includingchangesinmarital婚姻的statusestablishingahouseholdandotherfamilyreasons;work-relatedreasonsaccountfor16.2%includingjobtransferretirementandotherjob-relatedreasons;housing-relatedreasonsaccountfor51.6%includingnewandbetterhousesbetterneighborhoodcheaperhousingandotherhousingreasons;theremaining5.9%ofotherreasonsareattendingcollegethechangeofclimateandhealthreasons. Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunitiesandwarmerclimates.Theyhavealsobeenmovingtoplacesalittlefarfromcitiesinsearchofbiggeryardsandhouseslowercrimeratesandbetterschools.In1950nearlyafifthofthepopulationlivedinthenations20largestcities.In2006itwasaboutoneinten.ThatswhymanyAmericanpeoplesayBigCitiesShrinkasPeopleMoveSouthWest. BetweenMarch2005andMarch200773.4millionAmericansmoved.Fifty-sixpercentofthesemoveswerewithinthesamecountry.Twentypercentwerebetweencountiesbutinthesamestate.Nineteenpercentweremovestoadifferentstate.Somefamiliesevenwentabroad. Title:Peopleonthe56 Lead-inThroughouthuman57peoplehavemigratedacrosscontinents. An58numberofpeoplefrompoorcountriesaremovingto59countriesespeciallyneighboringones.60for peoples migrationAccordingtotheCPSthe61ofpeoplemovetootherplacesforreasons62tohousing. Americanshavelongbeenmovingsouthandwestlooking63abetterjobchanceawarmer64andabiggeryardetc.ConclusionNoweveryyearmoreandmorepeoplemovetootherplacewhichseemstohavebecomeaglobal65.
C WhenIwaslookingforaChristmaspresentformydaughterinatoystoreanicelydressedlittlegirlwithsomemoneyinherlittlehandwaslookingatsomebeautifuldolls.Whenshesawadollshelikedshewouldaskherfatherifshehadenoughmoney.Heusuallysaidyes. Atthesametimeaboywitholdandsmallclotheswaslookingatsomevideogames.Hetoohadmoneyinhishandbutitlookednomorethanfivedollars.Eachtimehepickeduponeofthevideogamesandlookedathisfatherheshookhishead. Thelittlegirlhadchosenherdollaverybeautifulone.Howevershenoticedtheboyandhisfather.Shesawtheboygiveupavideogamewithdisappointment失望andwalktoanothercornerofthestore. Thelittlegirlputherdollbacktotheshelfandranovertothevideogame.Aftershetalkedtoherfathershepaidforthevideogameandwhispered耳语totheshopassistant. Sotheboygotthevideogamethathewantedforfree—hewastolditwasaprizefromthestore.Hesmiledhappilyalthoughhefeltitwassoincredible. Thegirlsawallthishappen.Shesmiledtoo. WhenIwalkedoutofthestoretomycarIheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.Iwouldneverforgettheirshorttalk.Daddydidn’tGrandmawantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy HesaidOfcourseshedid. WellIjustdid!Withthatthelittlegirlstartedskipping蹦跳towardstheircarhappily. TheunderlinedwordincrediblemostprobablymeansinChinese.
—HowaboutyourtriptoHainan —Itcouldn’thavebeen.SometimesIwentswimminginthesea;sometimesIlayonthesand.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
A WhereisLoveHowcanwefindLove Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks. Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeElDoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayIvebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse. Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers. Whydoestheauthorsaywearedeprivedoftheuseofoureyes
Tooursurprisethestrangertobeanoldfriendofmymother’s.
Thegirllikesand.
Sincethebeginningofhumanevolutionmenhavemigrated迁移acrosscontinentsinsearchoffoodsheltersafetyandcomfortableweather.Peoplestillmoveforthesereasonsbutnewreasonsforhumanmigrationarearisingsuchasjobrelocation重新安置andoverpopulation. Threemillionmigrantsaremovingfrompoorcountriestowealthieroneseachyearandincreasinglytheirdestinationisaneighboringcountryindevelopingpartsoftheworld.Peoplearemovingwithinthedevelopingworldforthesamereasonsastheymigratetowealthiernations.Peoplefrompoorcountriesaregoingtolesspoorcountriesfleeingwarsandconflicts.Theyarealsorespondingtopopulationpressuresbecausesomecountriesaredenselypopulatedandtheyoftenhavehighpopulationgrowth.Thosepeopleneedtogosomewhereelse. Therearethreemainreasonswhypeoplemove.ThebasiccategoriesandpercentagesareasfollowsaccordingtotheCurrentPopulationSurveysCPS: Family-relatedreasonsaccountfor26.3%includingchangesinmarital婚姻的statusestablishingahouseholdandotherfamilyreasons;work-relatedreasonsaccountfor16.2%includingjobtransferretirementandotherjob-relatedreasons;housing-relatedreasonsaccountfor51.6%includingnewandbetterhousesbetterneighborhoodcheaperhousingandotherhousingreasons;theremaining5.9%ofotherreasonsareattendingcollegethechangeofclimateandhealthreasons. Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunitiesandwarmerclimates.Theyhavealsobeenmovingtoplacesalittlefarfromcitiesinsearchofbiggeryardsandhouseslowercrimeratesandbetterschools.In1950nearlyafifthofthepopulationlivedinthenations20largestcities.In2006itwasaboutoneinten.ThatswhymanyAmericanpeoplesayBigCitiesShrinkasPeopleMoveSouthWest. BetweenMarch2005andMarch200773.4millionAmericansmoved.Fifty-sixpercentofthesemoveswerewithinthesamecountry.Twentypercentwerebetweencountiesbutinthesamestate.Nineteenpercentweremovestoadifferentstate.Somefamiliesevenwentabroad. Title:Peopleonthe56 Lead-inThroughouthuman57peoplehavemigratedacrosscontinents. An58numberofpeoplefrompoorcountriesaremovingto59countriesespeciallyneighboringones.60for peoples migrationAccordingtotheCPSthe61ofpeoplemovetootherplacesforreasons62tohousing. Americanshavelongbeenmovingsouthandwestlooking63abetterjobchanceawarmer64andabiggeryardetc.ConclusionNoweveryyearmoreandmorepeoplemovetootherplacewhichseemstohavebecomeaglobal65.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
—DoyoumindifItheTVabit —YesIdobecauseI’mbusywithmyhomeworknow.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
B SusanSontag1933—2004wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmorallynecessarytoknoweverything—toreadeverybookworthreadingandtoseeeverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstillinherearly30spublishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReviewsheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturelifetryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliteraturefilmandart.WithgreateffortandseriousjudgmentSontagwalkedatthelatestedgesofworldculture. SeriousnesswasoneofSontag’slifelongwatchwords格言butatatimewhenthebarriersbetweenthewelleducatedandthepoorlyeducatedwereobviousshearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.InNotesonCampthe1964essaythatfirstmadehernamesheexplainedwhatwasthenalittleknownsetofdifficultunderstandingsthroughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous.NotesonCampshewroterepresentsavictoryof‘form’over‘content’‘beauty’over‘morals’. Byconviction信念shewasasensualist感觉论者butbynatureshewasamoralist伦理学者andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980sitwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor—publishedin1978aftershesufferedcancer—shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowaspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities被压抑的性格aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Infactreexaminingoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit. InAmericaherstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCaliforniawontheNationalBookAwardin2000.Butitwasasatirelessallpurposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingfame.SometimessheoncesaidIfeelthatintheendallIamreallydefending...istheideaofseriousnessoftrueseriousness.Andintheendshemadeustakeitseriouslytoo. Shefirstwonhernamethrough.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Sincethebeginningofhumanevolutionmenhavemigrated迁移acrosscontinentsinsearchoffoodsheltersafetyandcomfortableweather.Peoplestillmoveforthesereasonsbutnewreasonsforhumanmigrationarearisingsuchasjobrelocation重新安置andoverpopulation. Threemillionmigrantsaremovingfrompoorcountriestowealthieroneseachyearandincreasinglytheirdestinationisaneighboringcountryindevelopingpartsoftheworld.Peoplearemovingwithinthedevelopingworldforthesamereasonsastheymigratetowealthiernations.Peoplefrompoorcountriesaregoingtolesspoorcountriesfleeingwarsandconflicts.Theyarealsorespondingtopopulationpressuresbecausesomecountriesaredenselypopulatedandtheyoftenhavehighpopulationgrowth.Thosepeopleneedtogosomewhereelse. Therearethreemainreasonswhypeoplemove.ThebasiccategoriesandpercentagesareasfollowsaccordingtotheCurrentPopulationSurveysCPS: Family-relatedreasonsaccountfor26.3%includingchangesinmarital婚姻的statusestablishingahouseholdandotherfamilyreasons;work-relatedreasonsaccountfor16.2%includingjobtransferretirementandotherjob-relatedreasons;housing-relatedreasonsaccountfor51.6%includingnewandbetterhousesbetterneighborhoodcheaperhousingandotherhousingreasons;theremaining5.9%ofotherreasonsareattendingcollegethechangeofclimateandhealthreasons. Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunitiesandwarmerclimates.Theyhavealsobeenmovingtoplacesalittlefarfromcitiesinsearchofbiggeryardsandhouseslowercrimeratesandbetterschools.In1950nearlyafifthofthepopulationlivedinthenations20largestcities.In2006itwasaboutoneinten.ThatswhymanyAmericanpeoplesayBigCitiesShrinkasPeopleMoveSouthWest. BetweenMarch2005andMarch200773.4millionAmericansmoved.Fifty-sixpercentofthesemoveswerewithinthesamecountry.Twentypercentwerebetweencountiesbutinthesamestate.Nineteenpercentweremovestoadifferentstate.Somefamiliesevenwentabroad. Title:Peopleonthe56 Lead-inThroughouthuman57peoplehavemigratedacrosscontinents. An58numberofpeoplefrompoorcountriesaremovingto59countriesespeciallyneighboringones.60for peoples migrationAccordingtotheCPSthe61ofpeoplemovetootherplacesforreasons62tohousing. Americanshavelongbeenmovingsouthandwestlooking63abetterjobchanceawarmer64andabiggeryardetc.ConclusionNoweveryyearmoreandmorepeoplemovetootherplacewhichseemstohavebecomeaglobal65.
C WhenIwaslookingforaChristmaspresentformydaughterinatoystoreanicelydressedlittlegirlwithsomemoneyinherlittlehandwaslookingatsomebeautifuldolls.Whenshesawadollshelikedshewouldaskherfatherifshehadenoughmoney.Heusuallysaidyes. Atthesametimeaboywitholdandsmallclotheswaslookingatsomevideogames.Hetoohadmoneyinhishandbutitlookednomorethanfivedollars.Eachtimehepickeduponeofthevideogamesandlookedathisfatherheshookhishead. Thelittlegirlhadchosenherdollaverybeautifulone.Howevershenoticedtheboyandhisfather.Shesawtheboygiveupavideogamewithdisappointment失望andwalktoanothercornerofthestore. Thelittlegirlputherdollbacktotheshelfandranovertothevideogame.Aftershetalkedtoherfathershepaidforthevideogameandwhispered耳语totheshopassistant. Sotheboygotthevideogamethathewantedforfree—hewastolditwasaprizefromthestore.Hesmiledhappilyalthoughhefeltitwassoincredible. Thegirlsawallthishappen.Shesmiledtoo. WhenIwalkedoutofthestoretomycarIheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.Iwouldneverforgettheirshorttalk.Daddydidn’tGrandmawantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy HesaidOfcourseshedid. WellIjustdid!Withthatthelittlegirlstartedskipping蹦跳towardstheircarhappily. Thestoryhappenedina.
A WhereisLoveHowcanwefindLove Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.DescriptionslikePaleolithicManNeolithicManetc.neatlysumupthewholeperiods.WhenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcenturytheywillsurelychoosethelabelLeglessMan.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:inthetwentiethcenturypeopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincarsbusesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailwaysskiliftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks. Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanotherwefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’seyeviewoftheworld—orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardriversinparticularareforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.IsitthelureofthegreatmotorwaysorwhatAndasforseatravelithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:IjoinedthenavytoseetheworldandwhatdidIseeIsawthesea.ThetypicaltwentiethcenturytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssaysI’vebeenthere.YoumentiontheremotestmostevocativeplacenamesintheworldlikeElDoradoKabulIrkutskandsomeoneisboundtosayIvebeenthere—meaningIdrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse. Whenyoutravelathighspeedthepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrivalwhenitisachievedismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethisyoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfootontheotherhandlivesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyeshisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers. Whatdoesabird’seyeviewmean
D Ranch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywood.Fromthe1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcenteroftheworld. Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars—CharlieChaplinGretaGarboBergmanandhundredsmore. ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates. ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofthesuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlightthewestcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm. WhenTVbecamepopularHollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Theninthe1970’stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensivefilms.NowadaystheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeopleseethemallovertheworld. Inthe1910’sHollywoodbecamea.
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
D Ranch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Atthebeginningofthe20thcenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywood.Fromthe1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcenteroftheworld. Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars—CharlieChaplinGretaGarboBergmanandhundredsmore. ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates. ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofthesuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlightthewestcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm. WhenTVbecamepopularHollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Theninthe1970’stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensivefilms.NowadaystheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeopleseethemallovertheworld. PeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmsbecause.
WhenIcamebackIfoundmybicyclewas.
C WhenIwaslookingforaChristmaspresentformydaughterinatoystoreanicelydressedlittlegirlwithsomemoneyinherlittlehandwaslookingatsomebeautifuldolls.Whenshesawadollshelikedshewouldaskherfatherifshehadenoughmoney.Heusuallysaidyes. Atthesametimeaboywitholdandsmallclotheswaslookingatsomevideogames.Hetoohadmoneyinhishandbutitlookednomorethanfivedollars.Eachtimehepickeduponeofthevideogamesandlookedathisfatherheshookhishead. Thelittlegirlhadchosenherdollaverybeautifulone.Howevershenoticedtheboyandhisfather.Shesawtheboygiveupavideogamewithdisappointment失望andwalktoanothercornerofthestore. Thelittlegirlputherdollbacktotheshelfandranovertothevideogame.Aftershetalkedtoherfathershepaidforthevideogameandwhispered耳语totheshopassistant. Sotheboygotthevideogamethathewantedforfree—hewastolditwasaprizefromthestore.Hesmiledhappilyalthoughhefeltitwassoincredible. Thegirlsawallthishappen.Shesmiledtoo. WhenIwalkedoutofthestoretomycarIheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.Iwouldneverforgettheirshorttalk.Daddydidn’tGrandmawantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy HesaidOfcourseshedid. WellIjustdid!Withthatthelittlegirlstartedskipping蹦跳towardstheircarhappily. WhatdoesthesentenceWellIjustdid!mean
Therearemanykindsoffriends.Somearealways16youbutdontunderstandyou.Somesayonlyafewwordstoyoubutunderstandyou.Manypeoplewillstepinyourlifebutonly17friendsleavefootprints脚印. Ishallalwaysrecall回忆theautumnandthegirlwiththe18.Shewillalwaysbringbackthefriendshipbetweenus.Iknowshewillalwaysbemybestfriend. Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseetheyellowleaves19withthecool20.InsuchaseasonIlikedwalkingaloneontheroadscoveredwithleaves21tothesoundofthem. Autumnisa22seasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thefreedaysalwaysgetme23.Butonedaythesoundofaviolin24intomyearslikeastream小溪flowinginthemountains.IwassosurprisedthatIjumpedtoseewhatitwas.Ayounggirlstandinginthewindwas25inplayingherviolin. Ihad26seenherbefore.ThemusicwassonicethatIlistenedquietly.LostinthemusicIdidntknowthatIhadbeen27thereforsolongbutmyexistence存在didnotseemtodisturbher. Leaveswerestillfalling.Everydaysheplayedtheviolinatthecornerofthebuilding28Iwentdownstairstowatchherperformance.Iwastheonlylistener.Theautumnseemednolongerlonelyandlifebecame29.30wedidntknoweachotherIthoughtwewerealreadygoodfriends.Ibelieveshealsolovedme. Autumnwasnearlyover.OnedaywhenIwaslisteningcarefullythesoundsuddenly31.Tomyastonishment惊讶thegirlcameovertome. Youmustlikemusicfromtheviolin.shesaid. Yes.Andyouplayverywell.WhydidyoustopIasked. Suddenlya32expressionappearedonherfaceandIcouldfeelsomethingunusual. IcameheretoseemygrandmotherbutnowImustleave.Ionceplayedverybadly.Itwasyourlisteningeverydaythat33me.shesaid. Infactitwasyourplaying34gavemeameaningfulautumnIansweredLetsbefriends. ThegirlsmiledandsodidI.Ineverheardherplayagaininmylife.Inolongerwentdownstairstolistentoher.Onlythickleaveswereleftbehind.ButIwillalwaysrememberthefinefigure身影ofthegirl.Sheislikea35—soshortsobrightlikeashootingstargivingoffsomuchlightthatmakestheautumnbeautiful.
Thisskirtwasmadeyourmotherherownmeasure.
B SusanSontag1933—2004wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmorallynecessarytoknoweverything—toreadeverybookworthreadingandtoseeeverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstillinherearly30spublishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReviewsheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturelifetryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliteraturefilmandart.WithgreateffortandseriousjudgmentSontagwalkedatthelatestedgesofworldculture. SeriousnesswasoneofSontag’slifelongwatchwords格言butatatimewhenthebarriersbetweenthewelleducatedandthepoorlyeducatedwereobviousshearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.InNotesonCampthe1964essaythatfirstmadehernamesheexplainedwhatwasthenalittleknownsetofdifficultunderstandingsthroughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous.NotesonCampshewroterepresentsavictoryof‘form’over‘content’‘beauty’over‘morals’. Byconviction信念shewasasensualist感觉论者butbynatureshewasamoralist伦理学者andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980sitwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor—publishedin1978aftershesufferedcancer—shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowaspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities被压抑的性格aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Infactreexaminingoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit. InAmericaherstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCaliforniawontheNationalBookAwardin2000.Butitwasasatirelessallpurposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingfame.SometimessheoncesaidIfeelthatintheendallIamreallydefending...istheideaofseriousnessoftrueseriousness.Andintheendshemadeustakeitseriouslytoo. AsforSusanSontag’slifelonghabitshe.
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