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Text 2 The right to a trial by jury is a fundamental part of the United States legal system. It...
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如图1所示的甲乙丙三个渗透装置中三个漏斗颈的内径相等漏斗内盛有浓度相同的蔗糖溶液且漏斗内液面高度相同
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右图2中曲线123表示漏斗液面高度随时间的变化情况。则曲线123与甲、乙、丙三个装置的对应关系应是 A.1-丙；2-甲；3-乙
1-乙；2-甲；3-丙
1-甲；2-乙；3-丙
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在SQLServer2000中设要在表SC上建立一个前触发型触发器请补充下列触发器定义语句CREAT
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ACU告警输出接至DF架或EXALI板接触不良。
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Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffirealthoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenheacquiredtheuseofthelatter. 41______Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignalsbuteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligentwemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgoneorwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.42______ Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.43______ 44______ Theseinventionsanddiscoveries--firespeechweaponsdomesticanimalsagricultureandwriting--madetheexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasnotechnicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecomeaccustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizationsappropriatetoit.Therewasofcourseanimmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNiletheEuphratestheTigrisandtheIndusbutattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreatestpartoftheinhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduringthetime.45______512words Notes:ape猿pastoralnomad田园式的游牧部落的人theEuphrates幼发拉底河theTigris底格里斯河theIndus印度河inquestion所谈的在名词后作后置定语 [A]Probablypicturelanguageand.orallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman. [B]Anotherfundamentaltechnicaladvancewaswritingwhichlikespokenlanguagedevelopedoutofpicturesbutassoonasithadreachedacertainstageitwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationwasgiven. [C]Withthedevelopmentofcivilizationprimitivepeoplewholivedincavesatthattimebadlyneededalanguagewhichwouldhelpthemtocommunicatewithoneanother. [D]Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually. [E]Infacttherewasprogress--therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreatimportancenamelygunpowderandthemariner’scompass--butneitherofthesecanbecomparedintheirrevolutionarypowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture. [F]Thesewereatfirstonlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolentresistancefromthepastoralnomadsbuttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailedintheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided. [G]Butindustrywasastepinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage. 41
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.7
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.9
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.13
Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffirealthoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenheacquiredtheuseofthelatter. 41______Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignalsbuteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligentwemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgoneorwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.42______ Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.43______ 44______ Theseinventionsanddiscoveries--firespeechweaponsdomesticanimalsagricultureandwriting--madetheexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasnotechnicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecomeaccustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizationsappropriatetoit.Therewasofcourseanimmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNiletheEuphratestheTigrisandtheIndusbutattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreatestpartoftheinhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduringthetime.45______512words Notes:ape猿pastoralnomad田园式的游牧部落的人theEuphrates幼发拉底河theTigris底格里斯河theIndus印度河inquestion所谈的在名词后作后置定语 [A]Probablypicturelanguageand.orallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman. [B]Anotherfundamentaltechnicaladvancewaswritingwhichlikespokenlanguagedevelopedoutofpicturesbutassoonasithadreachedacertainstageitwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationwasgiven. [C]Withthedevelopmentofcivilizationprimitivepeoplewholivedincavesatthattimebadlyneededalanguagewhichwouldhelpthemtocommunicatewithoneanother. [D]Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually. [E]Infacttherewasprogress--therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreatimportancenamelygunpowderandthemariner’scompass--butneitherofthesecanbecomparedintheirrevolutionarypowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture. [F]Thesewereatfirstonlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolentresistancefromthepastoralnomadsbuttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailedintheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided. [G]Butindustrywasastepinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage. 43
Text2 Browsethroughtheracksofdressesskirtsandtopsinalmostanytrendyclothingstoreinfashion-savvyArgentinaandwhetheryoufindsomethingthatfitsdependsonyoursize.Butshopscarryfew—ifany—optionsforcurvaceouswomen.WhenyougointoastoreandfindanextralargeyouknowthatitisreallytheequivalentofamediumorevenasmallbasedonAmericanstandards.Youfeelfrustratedbemuseyoustarttothinkthateverybodyislikethisandthatyouarebig.Butthat’snottrue. Inthisbeauty-consciousnationwhichhastheworld’ssecond-highestrateofanorexiamanyarepartiallyblarningthecountry’sclothingindustryforofferingonlytinysizesofthelatestfashions.Theresultisadangerousparadoxofgirlsandwomenadaptingtotheclothesratherthanclothesadaptingtothem.TheArgentinelegislatureisconsideringwhethertoforceclothingmanufacturerstocover"alltheanthropometricmeasurementsoftheArgentinewoman"uptoextralargesize.Thebillalsoaddressestherelatedproblemofso-called"tricky"labelinginwhichSMandLdesignationsvarybybrandandaresmallerthaninternationalstandards. Theproposalhasraisedeyebrowsinahistoricallyflirtatioussocietyskepticalofgovernmentandwellknownforitsobsessionwithbeauty."Argentinahastheworld’shighestratesofaestheticsurgery"saysMabelBellofounderoftheAssociationfortheFightAgainstAnorexia."Whenyouaxetalkingabouthowpreoccupiedwithbeautyoursocietyisthatisthemosttellingstatistic." Forexpertssuchstatisticsspellfutilityforlegalremedies."Thesetypesoflawsarenotgoingtocauselastingchanges"saysSusanaSaulquinasociologistoffashion."Abetterwaytoaddresstheproblemisthroughpubliceducationthatemphasizesbalancedeatinghabitsoveranunrealisticidealofbeauty."Currentlycompaniestrytopreservebrandimagebycateringtoyoungandextremelythincustomersbutovertimeshebelievesamorebalancedviewofbeautywillemerge. Fortheirpartindustrygroupscondemnthebillasoverreachingstateintervening.Theysaytheirbusinessdecisionsareguidedbyconsumerdemand."Wearenotinfavorofanythingthatregulatesthemarket"saysLauraCoddaarepresentativeofmajorclothingmanufacturers."Everyclothingcompanyhastherighttomakeanythingtheycansell—anycoloranysizes."ShesayshergroupisnotopposedtomeasuresthatwouldstandardizesizingbutshenotesthatmanyifnotmostclothesinArgentinestoresalreadycarrythenumericaldesignationscalledforinthehill. Ifhistoryisaguidethefateoftheproposedlawissomewhatbleak.Howeverin2005theprovincialgovernmentofBuenosAiresmanagedtopassasimilarlaw—althoughthegovernorfailedtosignit. Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe
Text1 Theplanet’swildcreaturesfaceanewthreatfromyuppiesemptynesterssingletonsandoneparentfamilies.Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasingthenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.Evenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindled—insomeregionsofNewZealandforinstance—thenumberofindividualhouseholdshasincreasedbecauseofdivorcecareerchoicesmallerfamiliesandlongerlifespans. JianguoLiuofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNatureinapaperpublishedonlineinadvancethatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholdseachcontainingonaveragefewerpeoplemeantmorepressureonnaturalresources.Townsandcitiesbegantosprawlasnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbingcookingandrefrigeration."Inlargerhouseholdstheefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigherbecausemorepeoplesharethings"Dr.Liusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countriesincluding76"hotspot"regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyofendemicwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustraliaNewZealandtheUSBrazilChinaIndiaKenyaandItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe"hotspot"partsoftheglobetheannual3.1%growthrateinthenumberofhouseholdswasfarhigherthanthepopulationgrowthrateof1.8%. "Hadtheaveragehouseholdsizeremainedatthe1985level"thescientistsreport"therewouldhavebeen155mfewerhouseholdsinhotspotcountriesin2000.Paradoxicallysmallerhouseholdsdonotmeansmallerhomes.InIndianRivercountyFloridatheaverageareaofaone-storeysinglefamilyhouseincreased33%inthepastthreedecades." Dr.Liu’sworkgrewfromthealarmingdiscoverythatthegiantpandaslivinginChina’sWolongreserveweremoreatrisknowthantheywerewhenthereservewasfirstestablished.Thelocalpopulationhadgrownbutthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftlytomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests. GretchenDailyofStanfordoneoftheauthorssaid:"Wealldependonopenspaceandwildplacesnotjustforpeaceofmindbutforvitalservicessuchascroppollinationwaterpurificationandclimatestabilization.Thealarmingthingaboutthisstudyisthefindingthatiffamilygroupscontinuetobecomesmallerandsmallerwemightcontinuelosingbiodiversity—evenifwegettheaggregatehumanpopulationsizestabilised." Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat
Ourdailyexistenceisdividedintotwophasesasdistinctasdayandnight.Wecallthemworkandplay.Weworkmanyhoursadayandweallowthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping.46Therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasrecreationsanelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment. Weneedtomakethereforeahard-and-fastdistinctionnotonlybetweenworkandplaybutequallybetweenactiveplayandpassiveentertainment.47ItisIsupposethedeclineofactiveplay--ofamateursport--andtheenormousgrowthofpurelyreceptiveentertainmentwhichhavegivenrisetoasociologicalinterestintheproblem.Ifthegreaterpartofthepopulationinsteadofindulginginsportspendtheirhoursofleisure"viewing"televisionprogramstherewillinevitablybeadeclineinhealthandphysique.Inadditionwehaveyettotracethementalandmoralconsequencesofprolongeddietofsentimentalorsensationalspectaclesonthescreen.48Thereisifweareoptimisticthepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandunnourishingtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.Ninefilmsoutoftenseemtoleaveabsolutelynoimpressiononthemindorimaginationofthosewhohaveseenthem. 49Itisonlywhenentertainmentisactiveparticipatedinpracticedthatitcanproperlybecalledplayandassuchitisanaturaluseofleisure.Inthatsenseplaystandsincontrasttoworkandisusuallyregardedasanactivitythatalternateswithwork. Workitselfisnotasingleconcept.Wesayquitegenerallythatweworkinordertomakealiving.Someofusworkphysicallytillingthelandmindingthemachinesdiggingthecoal;othersworkmentallykeepingaccountsinventingmachinesteachingandpreachingmanagingandgoverning.50Theredoesnotseemtobeanyfactorcommontoallthesediverseoccupationsexceptthattheyconsumeourtimeandleaveuslittleleisure.356words 49
Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffirealthoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenheacquiredtheuseofthelatter. 41______Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignalsbuteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlyanecessityforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligentwemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeechcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgoneorwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.42______ Twoimportantstagescamenotsolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.43______ 44______ Theseinventionsanddiscoveries--firespeechweaponsdomesticanimalsagricultureandwriting--madetheexistenceofcivilizedcommunitiespossible.Fromabout3000B.C.untilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolutionlessthantwohundredyearsagotherewasnotechnicaladvancecomparabletothese.Duringthislongperiodmanhadtimetobecomeaccustomedtohistechniqueandtodevelopthebeliefsandpoliticalorganizationsappropriatetoit.Therewasofcourseanimmenseextensionintheareaofcivilizedlife.AtfirstithadbeenconfinedtotheNiletheEuphratestheTigrisandtheIndusbutattheendoftheperiodinquestionitcoveredmuchthegreatestpartoftheinhabitableglobe.Idonotmeantosuggestthattherewasnotechnicalprogressduringthetime.45______512words Notes:ape猿pastoralnomad田园式的游牧部落的人theEuphrates幼发拉底河theTigris底格里斯河theIndus印度河inquestion所谈的在名词后作后置定语 [A]Probablypicturelanguageand.orallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman. [B]Anotherfundamentaltechnicaladvancewaswritingwhichlikespokenlanguagedevelopedoutofpicturesbutassoonasithadreachedacertainstageitwaspossibletokeeprecordsandtransmitinformationtopeoplewhowerenotpresentwhentheinformationwasgiven. [C]Withthedevelopmentofcivilizationprimitivepeoplewholivedincavesatthattimebadlyneededalanguagewhichwouldhelpthemtocommunicatewithoneanother. [D]Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually. [E]Infacttherewasprogress--therewereeventwoinventionsofverygreatimportancenamelygunpowderandthemariner’scompass--butneitherofthesecanbecomparedintheirrevolutionarypowertosuchthingsasspeechandwritingandagriculture. [F]Thesewereatfirstonlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.Agriculturemetwithviolentresistancefromthepastoralnomadsbuttheagriculturalwayoflifeprevailedintheendbecauseofthephysicalcomfortsitprovided. [G]Butindustrywasastepinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage. 45
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.11
Shoppinghasalwaysbeensomethingofanimpulseactivityinwhichobjectsthatcatchourfancywhilestrollingareimmediatelyboughtonawhim.Advertisersandsellershavetakenadvantageofthisfactcarefullypositioninginexpensivebutattractiveitemsonpathsthatwearemostlikelytocrosshopingthatourhumannaturewillleadtoagreaterprofitforthem.WiththedawnoftheInternetanditsexplodinguseacrosstheworldthesametacticsapply.Advertisersnowplacebannerslinkstocommercialwebsitesdecoratedwithattractivepicturesdesignedtocatchoureyeswhilebrowsingthewebsonkeywebsiteswithheavytraffic.Theypaytopdollarfortherightthuscreatingprofitsforthehostingwebsiteaswell.Theseactionsareperformedinthehopesthatduringthecourseofourcasualandleisurelywebsurfingwe’llclickonthatbannerthatsparksourinterestandthusintheorybuytheproductsadvertised.Initialresultshavebeenpositive.Websitesreportahugeinflowofcashbothfromtheadvertiserswhotemptcustomersinwiththebannersandthehostingwebsiteswhicharepaidforallowingthebannerstobeputinplace.AstrustandconfidenceinInternetbuyingincreasesandinformationsecurityisheightenedwithnewtechnologythevolumeofbuyingisincreasingleadingtoevengreaterprofits.Thecurrentsituationhoweverisnotquiteasoptimistic.Justasmagazinereaderstendtounconsciouslyignoreadvertisementsintheirfavoriteperiodicalswebbrowsersarebeginningtoallowbannerstosliptheirnoticeaswell.Internetusersrespondtothefloodofbannersbyviewingthemasannoyancesanegativeimagethatishurtingsalessinceusersarenowlessreluctanttoclickonthosebannerspreferringnottosupportthesystemthatputstheminplace.IfInternetadvertisingistocontinuetobeaviableandprofitablebusinesspracticenewmethodswillneedtobeconsideredtoreinvigoratetheindustry.Withtherecentdepressioninthetechnologysectorandslowingeconomyevennewpracticesmaynotdothetrick.AsconsumersaresavingmoreandfrequentingtraditionalrealestatebusinessesovertheirInternetcounterpartsthefateofInternetbusinessiscalledintoquestion.ThecomingyearswillbetheonlyreliableindicationofwhethershoppingontheWorldWideWebisthewaveofthefutureorsimplyanimpulseactivitywhosewhimhaspassed.404wordsNotes:onawhim心血来潮surfv.冲浪intheory在理论上顺理成章hosting访问率离的call...intoquestion质疑对提出疑问ItcanbelearnedfromthefirstparagraphthatInternetadvertising
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.17
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.1
Text1 Theplanet’swildcreaturesfaceanewthreatfromyuppiesemptynesterssingletonsandoneparentfamilies.Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasingthenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.Evenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindled—insomeregionsofNewZealandforinstance—thenumberofindividualhouseholdshasincreasedbecauseofdivorcecareerchoicesmallerfamiliesandlongerlifespans. JianguoLiuofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNatureinapaperpublishedonlineinadvancethatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholdseachcontainingonaveragefewerpeoplemeantmorepressureonnaturalresources.Townsandcitiesbegantosprawlasnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbingcookingandrefrigeration."Inlargerhouseholdstheefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigherbecausemorepeoplesharethings"Dr.Liusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countriesincluding76"hotspot"regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyofendemicwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustraliaNewZealandtheUSBrazilChinaIndiaKenyaandItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe"hotspot"partsoftheglobetheannual3.1%growthrateinthenumberofhouseholdswasfarhigherthanthepopulationgrowthrateof1.8%. "Hadtheaveragehouseholdsizeremainedatthe1985level"thescientistsreport"therewouldhavebeen155mfewerhouseholdsinhotspotcountriesin2000.Paradoxicallysmallerhouseholdsdonotmeansmallerhomes.InIndianRivercountyFloridatheaverageareaofaone-storeysinglefamilyhouseincreased33%inthepastthreedecades." Dr.Liu’sworkgrewfromthealarmingdiscoverythatthegiantpandaslivinginChina’sWolongreserveweremoreatrisknowthantheywerewhenthereservewasfirstestablished.Thelocalpopulationhadgrownbutthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftlytomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests. GretchenDailyofStanfordoneoftheauthorssaid:"Wealldependonopenspaceandwildplacesnotjustforpeaceofmindbutforvitalservicessuchascroppollinationwaterpurificationandclimatestabilization.Thealarmingthingaboutthisstudyisthefindingthatiffamilygroupscontinuetobecomesmallerandsmallerwemightcontinuelosingbiodiversity—evenifwegettheaggregatehumanpopulationsizestabilised." Thesignificanceofopenspaceand'wildplacesliesinthat
Text1 Theplanet’swildcreaturesfaceanewthreatfromyuppiesemptynesterssingletonsandoneparentfamilies.Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasingthenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.Evenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindled—insomeregionsofNewZealandforinstance—thenumberofindividualhouseholdshasincreasedbecauseofdivorcecareerchoicesmallerfamiliesandlongerlifespans. JianguoLiuofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNatureinapaperpublishedonlineinadvancethatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholdseachcontainingonaveragefewerpeoplemeantmorepressureonnaturalresources.Townsandcitiesbegantosprawlasnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbingcookingandrefrigeration."Inlargerhouseholdstheefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigherbecausemorepeoplesharethings"Dr.Liusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countriesincluding76"hotspot"regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyofendemicwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustraliaNewZealandtheUSBrazilChinaIndiaKenyaandItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe"hotspot"partsoftheglobetheannual3.1%growthrateinthenumberofhouseholdswasfarhigherthanthepopulationgrowthrateof1.8%. "Hadtheaveragehouseholdsizeremainedatthe1985level"thescientistsreport"therewouldhavebeen155mfewerhouseholdsinhotspotcountriesin2000.Paradoxicallysmallerhouseholdsdonotmeansmallerhomes.InIndianRivercountyFloridatheaverageareaofaone-storeysinglefamilyhouseincreased33%inthepastthreedecades." Dr.Liu’sworkgrewfromthealarmingdiscoverythatthegiantpandaslivinginChina’sWolongreserveweremoreatrisknowthantheywerewhenthereservewasfirstestablished.Thelocalpopulationhadgrownbutthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftlytomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests. GretchenDailyofStanfordoneoftheauthorssaid:"Wealldependonopenspaceandwildplacesnotjustforpeaceofmindbutforvitalservicessuchascroppollinationwaterpurificationandclimatestabilization.Thealarmingthingaboutthisstudyisthefindingthatiffamilygroupscontinuetobecomesmallerandsmallerwemightcontinuelosingbiodiversity—evenifwegettheaggregatehumanpopulationsizestabilised." Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.3
ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.FortheyearasawholeconsumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreovertherestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.InadditiontheeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finallyofcoursetheeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.Neverthelessbyanyothertestthedeficitremainedverylargeandtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficitalmosttwo-thirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointingtherearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficithowevertheoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead--andindeedforthelongerrun--remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.WiththeeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowthandwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourCompetitivepostureinternationallytheemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeprogramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylargehowevertheexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.449wordsNotes:inventoryn.存货East-Westtensions东西方紧张局势fiscal与国库的钱有关的财务的常指税收liquidity周转率清偿力leewayn.回旋余地given鉴于由于thePhaseThreeprogram第三个阶段计划Partofthepublicpolicytaskasoutlinedinthetextisto
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.19
Text2 Browsethroughtheracksofdressesskirtsandtopsinalmostanytrendyclothingstoreinfashion-savvyArgentinaandwhetheryoufindsomethingthatfitsdependsonyoursize.Butshopscarryfew—ifany—optionsforcurvaceouswomen.WhenyougointoastoreandfindanextralargeyouknowthatitisreallytheequivalentofamediumorevenasmallbasedonAmericanstandards.Youfeelfrustratedbemuseyoustarttothinkthateverybodyislikethisandthatyouarebig.Butthat’snottrue. Inthisbeauty-consciousnationwhichhastheworld’ssecond-highestrateofanorexiamanyarepartiallyblarningthecountry’sclothingindustryforofferingonlytinysizesofthelatestfashions.Theresultisadangerousparadoxofgirlsandwomenadaptingtotheclothesratherthanclothesadaptingtothem.TheArgentinelegislatureisconsideringwhethertoforceclothingmanufacturerstocover"alltheanthropometricmeasurementsoftheArgentinewoman"uptoextralargesize.Thebillalsoaddressestherelatedproblemofso-called"tricky"labelinginwhichSMandLdesignationsvarybybrandandaresmallerthaninternationalstandards. Theproposalhasraisedeyebrowsinahistoricallyflirtatioussocietyskepticalofgovernmentandwellknownforitsobsessionwithbeauty."Argentinahastheworld’shighestratesofaestheticsurgery"saysMabelBellofounderoftheAssociationfortheFightAgainstAnorexia."Whenyouaxetalkingabouthowpreoccupiedwithbeautyoursocietyisthatisthemosttellingstatistic." Forexpertssuchstatisticsspellfutilityforlegalremedies."Thesetypesoflawsarenotgoingtocauselastingchanges"saysSusanaSaulquinasociologistoffashion."Abetterwaytoaddresstheproblemisthroughpubliceducationthatemphasizesbalancedeatinghabitsoveranunrealisticidealofbeauty."Currentlycompaniestrytopreservebrandimagebycateringtoyoungandextremelythincustomersbutovertimeshebelievesamorebalancedviewofbeautywillemerge. Fortheirpartindustrygroupscondemnthebillasoverreachingstateintervening.Theysaytheirbusinessdecisionsareguidedbyconsumerdemand."Wearenotinfavorofanythingthatregulatesthemarket"saysLauraCoddaarepresentativeofmajorclothingmanufacturers."Everyclothingcompanyhastherighttomakeanythingtheycansell—anycoloranysizes."ShesayshergroupisnotopposedtomeasuresthatwouldstandardizesizingbutshenotesthatmanyifnotmostclothesinArgentinestoresalreadycarrythenumericaldesignationscalledforinthehill. Ifhistoryisaguidethefateoftheproposedlawissomewhatbleak.Howeverin2005theprovincialgovernmentofBuenosAiresmanagedtopassasimilarlaw—althoughthegovernorfailedtosignit. AccordingtothepassageSusanaSaulquin
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.5
Directions:WritealettertoProf.WangHeadofForeignLanguages.DepartmentintroducingtohimyourstudentMissJinHua.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.
Ourdailyexistenceisdividedintotwophasesasdistinctasdayandnight.Wecallthemworkandplay.Weworkmanyhoursadayandweallowthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping.46Therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasrecreationsanelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment. Weneedtomakethereforeahard-and-fastdistinctionnotonlybetweenworkandplaybutequallybetweenactiveplayandpassiveentertainment.47ItisIsupposethedeclineofactiveplay--ofamateursport--andtheenormousgrowthofpurelyreceptiveentertainmentwhichhavegivenrisetoasociologicalinterestintheproblem.Ifthegreaterpartofthepopulationinsteadofindulginginsportspendtheirhoursofleisure"viewing"televisionprogramstherewillinevitablybeadeclineinhealthandphysique.Inadditionwehaveyettotracethementalandmoralconsequencesofprolongeddietofsentimentalorsensationalspectaclesonthescreen.48Thereisifweareoptimisticthepossibilitythatthedietistoothinandunnourishingtohavemuchpermanenteffectonanybody.Ninefilmsoutoftenseemtoleaveabsolutelynoimpressiononthemindorimaginationofthosewhohaveseenthem. 49Itisonlywhenentertainmentisactiveparticipatedinpracticedthatitcanproperlybecalledplayandassuchitisanaturaluseofleisure.Inthatsenseplaystandsincontrasttoworkandisusuallyregardedasanactivitythatalternateswithwork. Workitselfisnotasingleconcept.Wesayquitegenerallythatweworkinordertomakealiving.Someofusworkphysicallytillingthelandmindingthemachinesdiggingthecoal;othersworkmentallykeepingaccountsinventingmachinesteachingandpreachingmanagingandgoverning.50Theredoesnotseemtobeanyfactorcommontoallthesediverseoccupationsexceptthattheyconsumeourtimeandleaveuslittleleisure.356words 47
Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindownaridthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntousthatisscientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ournatureisnotconsideredasimmutableeithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcenturythesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtherolesresponsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsexandyetscarcelytwentyyearsagothesewerethoughttobebeyonddispute.WecansafelysaywithafewminorexceptionsthatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespectivefunctionsremainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.Theroledistinctionraisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismonastronglyhierarchicalmodellastedthroughoutthisperiodappealingforitsjustificationtonaturereligionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworldandwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamilybysatisfyingtheirneedsinpeacetimeandgoingtowarwhennecessary.Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthesexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbetweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-honoredorderofthings.Itwasfelttobeagainstnatureadeviationfromthenorm.Sexrolesweredeterminedaccordingtotheplaceappropriatetoeach.Women’splacewasfirstandforemostinthehome.Theoutsideworldi.e.workshopsfactoriesandbusinessfirmsbelongedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworldprivateandpublicgaverisetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudeswhichconferredoneachitsspecialidentity.Thewomansequesteredathomecarednurturedandconserved.Todothisshehadnoneedtobedaringambitioustoughorcompetitive.Themanontheotherhandcompetingwithhisfellowmenwascaughtupeverydayinthestruggleforsurvivalandhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnaturalinaman.Todaymanywomengoouttoworkandtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechangedconsiderably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentiveswefindambitionandpersonalfulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstancesandthewishtohaveasociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveallforallwomenworkisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.454wordsNotes:immutable不可改变的dualism双重论divergence分歧偏离overlapping部分重合一致time-honored由来已久的dichotomy一分为二对立sequester使隔离becaughtupin被缠住于如Heiscaughtupinthetrivia琐事ofeverydaythingsunduly过度地不恰当地Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingisthemostimportantreasonforwomentogotowork
ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.FortheyearasawholeconsumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreovertherestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.InadditiontheeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finallyofcoursetheeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.Neverthelessbyanyothertestthedeficitremainedverylargeandtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficitalmosttwo-thirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointingtherearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficithowevertheoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead--andindeedforthelongerrun--remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.WiththeeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowthandwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourCompetitivepostureinternationallytheemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeprogramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylargehowevertheexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.449wordsNotes:inventoryn.存货East-Westtensions东西方紧张局势fiscal与国库的钱有关的财务的常指税收liquidity周转率清偿力leewayn.回旋余地given鉴于由于thePhaseThreeprogram第三个阶段计划Paragraph2mainlydealswith
Shoppinghasalwaysbeensomethingofanimpulseactivityinwhichobjectsthatcatchourfancywhilestrollingareimmediatelyboughtonawhim.Advertisersandsellershavetakenadvantageofthisfactcarefullypositioninginexpensivebutattractiveitemsonpathsthatwearemostlikelytocrosshopingthatourhumannaturewillleadtoagreaterprofitforthem.WiththedawnoftheInternetanditsexplodinguseacrosstheworldthesametacticsapply.Advertisersnowplacebannerslinkstocommercialwebsitesdecoratedwithattractivepicturesdesignedtocatchoureyeswhilebrowsingthewebsonkeywebsiteswithheavytraffic.Theypaytopdollarfortherightthuscreatingprofitsforthehostingwebsiteaswell.Theseactionsareperformedinthehopesthatduringthecourseofourcasualandleisurelywebsurfingwe’llclickonthatbannerthatsparksourinterestandthusintheorybuytheproductsadvertised.Initialresultshavebeenpositive.Websitesreportahugeinflowofcashbothfromtheadvertiserswhotemptcustomersinwiththebannersandthehostingwebsiteswhicharepaidforallowingthebannerstobeputinplace.AstrustandconfidenceinInternetbuyingincreasesandinformationsecurityisheightenedwithnewtechnologythevolumeofbuyingisincreasingleadingtoevengreaterprofits.Thecurrentsituationhoweverisnotquiteasoptimistic.Justasmagazinereaderstendtounconsciouslyignoreadvertisementsintheirfavoriteperiodicalswebbrowsersarebeginningtoallowbannerstosliptheirnoticeaswell.Internetusersrespondtothefloodofbannersbyviewingthemasannoyancesanegativeimagethatishurtingsalessinceusersarenowlessreluctanttoclickonthosebannerspreferringnottosupportthesystemthatputstheminplace.IfInternetadvertisingistocontinuetobeaviableandprofitablebusinesspracticenewmethodswillneedtobeconsideredtoreinvigoratetheindustry.Withtherecentdepressioninthetechnologysectorandslowingeconomyevennewpracticesmaynotdothetrick.AsconsumersaresavingmoreandfrequentingtraditionalrealestatebusinessesovertheirInternetcounterpartsthefateofInternetbusinessiscalledintoquestion.ThecomingyearswillbetheonlyreliableindicationofwhethershoppingontheWorldWideWebisthewaveofthefutureorsimplyanimpulseactivitywhosewhimhaspassed.404wordsNotes:onawhim心血来潮surfv.冲浪intheory在理论上顺理成章hosting访问率离的call...intoquestion质疑对提出疑问Analyzingthecurrentstateoftheonlineadvertisinginparagraph4theauthorimpliesthat
Shoppinghasalwaysbeensomethingofanimpulseactivityinwhichobjectsthatcatchourfancywhilestrollingareimmediatelyboughtonawhim.Advertisersandsellershavetakenadvantageofthisfactcarefullypositioninginexpensivebutattractiveitemsonpathsthatwearemostlikelytocrosshopingthatourhumannaturewillleadtoagreaterprofitforthem.WiththedawnoftheInternetanditsexplodinguseacrosstheworldthesametacticsapply.Advertisersnowplacebannerslinkstocommercialwebsitesdecoratedwithattractivepicturesdesignedtocatchoureyeswhilebrowsingthewebsonkeywebsiteswithheavytraffic.Theypaytopdollarfortherightthuscreatingprofitsforthehostingwebsiteaswell.Theseactionsareperformedinthehopesthatduringthecourseofourcasualandleisurelywebsurfingwe’llclickonthatbannerthatsparksourinterestandthusintheorybuytheproductsadvertised.Initialresultshavebeenpositive.Websitesreportahugeinflowofcashbothfromtheadvertiserswhotemptcustomersinwiththebannersandthehostingwebsiteswhicharepaidforallowingthebannerstobeputinplace.AstrustandconfidenceinInternetbuyingincreasesandinformationsecurityisheightenedwithnewtechnologythevolumeofbuyingisincreasingleadingtoevengreaterprofits.Thecurrentsituationhoweverisnotquiteasoptimistic.Justasmagazinereaderstendtounconsciouslyignoreadvertisementsintheirfavoriteperiodicalswebbrowsersarebeginningtoallowbannerstosliptheirnoticeaswell.Internetusersrespondtothefloodofbannersbyviewingthemasannoyancesanegativeimagethatishurtingsalessinceusersarenowlessreluctanttoclickonthosebannerspreferringnottosupportthesystemthatputstheminplace.IfInternetadvertisingistocontinuetobeaviableandprofitablebusinesspracticenewmethodswillneedtobeconsideredtoreinvigoratetheindustry.Withtherecentdepressioninthetechnologysectorandslowingeconomyevennewpracticesmaynotdothetrick.AsconsumersaresavingmoreandfrequentingtraditionalrealestatebusinessesovertheirInternetcounterpartsthefateofInternetbusinessiscalledintoquestion.ThecomingyearswillbetheonlyreliableindicationofwhethershoppingontheWorldWideWebisthewaveofthefutureorsimplyanimpulseactivitywhosewhimhaspassed.404wordsNotes:onawhim心血来潮surfv.冲浪intheory在理论上顺理成章hosting访问率离的call...intoquestion质疑对提出疑问Theauthor’sattitudetowardonlineadvertisingcanbesummarizedas
Picture-takingisatechniquebothforreflectingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexistthoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperamentdiscoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatisphotographyhastwodirectlyoppositeideals:inthefirstphotographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecondphotographyistheinstrumentoffearlessnessquestingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.Theseconflictingidealsarisefromuneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.Accordinglytheidealofaphotographerasobserverisattractingbecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissueofcourseisnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimplyandessentiallybenevolent.Asaconsequenceoneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whateveraretheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressionjustlikepaintingitsoriginalityiscloselylinkedtothepowerofamachine.ThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographslikeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticatedmoreautomatedsomephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmedpreferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitimposedbypre-moderncameratechnologybecauseacruderlesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresultstoleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.ForexampleithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographersincludingWalkerEvansandCartierBressontorefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentoffastseeing.CartierBressoninfactclaimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefutureoffasterandfasterseeingalternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpastwhenimageshadahandmadequality.Thislongingforsomeprimitivestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandtheworkofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographsitseemsneedperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.451wordsNotes:cropvt.播种修剪树木收割countforlittle无关紧要predatory掠夺成性的championn.冠军;vt.支持benevolent好心肠的行善的ambivalence矛盾心理make+不定式似乎要Hemakestobegin.他似乎要开始了swirlsandeddies漩涡cult狂热崇拜daguerreotype银板照相法TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof
Picture-takingisatechniquebothforreflectingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexistthoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperamentdiscoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatisphotographyhastwodirectlyoppositeideals:inthefirstphotographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecondphotographyistheinstrumentoffearlessnessquestingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.Theseconflictingidealsarisefromuneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.Accordinglytheidealofaphotographerasobserverisattractingbecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissueofcourseisnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimplyandessentiallybenevolent.Asaconsequenceoneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whateveraretheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressionjustlikepaintingitsoriginalityiscloselylinkedtothepowerofamachine.ThesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographslikeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticatedmoreautomatedsomephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmedpreferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitimposedbypre-moderncameratechnologybecauseacruderlesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresultstoleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.ForexampleithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographersincludingWalkerEvansandCartierBressontorefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentoffastseeing.CartierBressoninfactclaimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefutureoffasterandfasterseeingalternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpastwhenimageshadahandmadequality.Thislongingforsomeprimitivestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandtheworkofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographsitseemsneedperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.451wordsNotes:cropvt.播种修剪树木收割countforlittle无关紧要predatory掠夺成性的championn.冠军;vt.支持benevolent好心肠的行善的ambivalence矛盾心理make+不定式似乎要Hemakestobegin.他似乎要开始了swirlsandeddies漩涡cult狂热崇拜daguerreotype银板照相法Accordingtoparagraph2theinterestamongphotographersineachofthephotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutitmuchless1apointofview.Butthishasn’tstoppedmanyfilmandcomputerfansfromagreeing2theearly3wisdomaboutdigitalcameras—they’reneat4foryourPCbutthey’renotsuitableforeverydaypicture-taking. Thefansarewrong:morethananythingelsedigitalcamerasareradically5whatphotographymeansandwhatitcanbe.Thevenerablemediumofphotographyasweknow6isbeginningtoseemoutof7withthewaywelive.Inourcomputerandcamcorderculturesavingpictures8digitalfilesandwatchingthemonTVisnoless9andinmanywaysmore10thanfumblingwithrollsoffilmthatmustbesentofftobe11. Paperisalsoterribly12Picturesthatareincorrectlyframedfocusedorlightedarenonetheless13tofilmandultimatelyprocessedintoprints. Thedigitalmediumchangesthe14.Stillimagesthatare15digitallycanimmediatelybeshownonacomputermonitorTVscreenorasmallliquid-crystaldisplayLCDbuiltrightintothecamera.Andsincethepointsoflightthat16animagearesavedasaseriesofdigitalbitsin17memory18beingpermanentlyetchedontofilmtheycanbeerasedretouchedandtransmittedon-line. What’sitliketo19withoneofthesedigitalcamerasIt’salittlelikeafirstdate—excitingconfusingandfraughtwith20. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.15
Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindownaridthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntousthatisscientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ournatureisnotconsideredasimmutableeithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcenturythesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtherolesresponsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsexandyetscarcelytwentyyearsagothesewerethoughttobebeyonddispute.WecansafelysaywithafewminorexceptionsthatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespectivefunctionsremainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.Theroledistinctionraisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismonastronglyhierarchicalmodellastedthroughoutthisperiodappealingforitsjustificationtonaturereligionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworldandwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamilybysatisfyingtheirneedsinpeacetimeandgoingtowarwhennecessary.Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthesexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbetweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-honoredorderofthings.Itwasfelttobeagainstnatureadeviationfromthenorm.Sexrolesweredeterminedaccordingtotheplaceappropriatetoeach.Women’splacewasfirstandforemostinthehome.Theoutsideworldi.e.workshopsfactoriesandbusinessfirmsbelongedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworldprivateandpublicgaverisetoastrictdichotomybetweentheattitudeswhichconferredoneachitsspecialidentity.Thewomansequesteredathomecarednurturedandconserved.Todothisshehadnoneedtobedaringambitioustoughorcompetitive.Themanontheotherhandcompetingwithhisfellowmenwascaughtupeverydayinthestruggleforsurvivalandhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnaturalinaman.Todaymanywomengoouttoworkandtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechangedconsiderably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentiveswefindambitionandpersonalfulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstancesandthewishtohaveasociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveallforallwomenworkisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.454wordsNotes:immutable不可改变的dualism双重论divergence分歧偏离overlapping部分重合一致time-honored由来已久的dichotomy一分为二对立sequester使隔离becaughtupin被缠住于如Heiscaughtupinthetrivia琐事ofeverydaythingsunduly过度地不恰当地TheauthorbelievesthatsexdiscriminationintheWestbeforethe1960swas
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